While browsing around the net I found the following documents which might be of
interest.
"Technique for building and calibrating VLF/LF receive loop antennas"
http://www.nosc.mil/sti/publications/biblio/VERYLOWFREQUENCIES.HTML
Unfortunately the photos are a bit dark.
And furthermore:
"Dipole and monopole antenna gain and effective area for communication formulas"
which says:
"A comparison involving antenna measurements and performance predictions has sometimes revealed a 6-dB discrepancy between the ground-wave transmission measurements and the correspondning calculations"
That 6 dB sounds familiar to me.
http://www.nosc.mil/sti/publications/biblio/ANTENNAS.HTML
/sm6pxj
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