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From: "Andy talbot" <G4JNT@THERSGB.NET>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <C75A388845B4B54B9CF5E2ADB589B0E3031AEFE6@btss.siemens-pse.sk> <1074543877.400c3d051a334@webmail2.kuleuven.be> <00a901c3ded7$9c359cc0$2102000a@ibm>
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Farnell will have them.  www.farnellinone.co.uk
Andy  G4JNT

----- Original Message ----- 
From: Dick <knaap159@zonnet.nl>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Monday, January 19, 2004 9:59 PM
Subject: LF: Where to get TC44... and MUR1660??


> Hello all,
> 
> I am wondering where I can get (one of) the following components:
> 
> TC4421
> TC4422
> TC4426
> MUR1660CT
> 
> A google search didn't deliver a resonable result.
> I am looking for a store/firm in Holland or Germany, as this is
> the easiest way in case of ordering/paying.
> 
> Any suggestions??
> 
> Meanwhile I started to build the first part for my 136kHz station:
> the 1370kHz VFO..........
> The rest will be a lot of bits and pieces from various designs, likely
> resulting in a QRPP transmitter capable of producing 100Watt or so.
> 
> 73
> 
> Dick, PA4VHF (JO32eh)
> 
> 
> 



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Andy talbot" <g4jnt@thersgb.net>
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Basically, correct - if you transmit 10B/s PSK on 137kHz without any bandwidth 
filtering people get a bit upset.   We did look at turning it into some phase 
continuous mode - CPM - but there seemed to be little interest in advancing the 
technology.   Likewise GPS locked BPSK - straightforward,  very robust and 
bound to give vastly superior weak signal performance, but more than the 
average plug-and-play mode.

I've been doing a lot with GPS recently (for professional purposes, not for 
play) and currently have access to five different types of GPS module - all low 
the cost ones.  They're getting very, very small now - some are postage stamp 
sized.   In terms of ease of use though, as far as amateurs are concerned, I'd 
go with the older Garmin GPS25 module any day!   All the other ones have to, at 
least initially, be programmed in complex binary mode before the simple data 
output format of NMEA can be enabled.  FUrthermore, the later modules operate 
LESS well with poor signals and partially obstructed view of the sky than the 
latest 12 satellite simultaneous view machines do.

Just a quick observation and will bear further experimentation, if possible to 
do so.

Andy  G4JNT

-----Original Message-----
From:	Alan Melia [SMTP:Alan.Melia@btinternet.com]
Sent:	2004/01/12 14:11
To:	rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Subject:	LF: Re: Re: First WOLF QSO!

Hi Ed, as John says, I do not recall any two-way WOLF qsos. I think only Jim
M0BMU, Andy G4JNT have transmit it, that I can remember. It is basically an
"off-line" decoding system, where with weak signals one may have to process
the recorded file several times. I think a lot of us were waiting and maybe
hoping for a "instant", real-time version. Then Alberto came along with
Jason as a keyboard decoded mode, and WOLF did not seem to progress.
(Stewart provided  some adaptive code to improve the decoder in Alberto's
system)  I also believe that WOLF is transmit as BPSK which generally
requires a linear PA. (Jason is an FSK mode so can use non-linear PAs)
Generally for high power station one requires a DDS exciter with a non
linear PA, to prouce "soft" phase transitions. It is possible with some
hardware that Jim developed to produce soft phase changes which would be
required on a high power station to control bandwidth. I dont think the
bandwidth is such an issue with FCC Part 15, 1 watt output, stations.
Details from memory (liable to suffer dropped bits these days ...:-)) Look
at
http://www.scgroup.com/ham/wolf.html
for the full story.

Well done on repairing the aerial at Machta and we look forward to hearing
your signals again.

Cheers de Alan G3NYK
alan.melia@btinternet.com


----- Original Message -----
From: "Ed Lesnichy" <ed@dx.ru>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: 12 January 2004 11:17
Subject: LF: Re: First WOLF QSO!


> John, Dex and LF-enthusiasts!
>
> My congratulations to John W1TAG and Dex W4DEX!
> It is remarkable result at such very small ERP!
> I believe what to RX a very weak signal at 1w DC input max (not 1w
> ERP!!), and antenna less than 15m on distance abt 1080km it is very
> difficult in any modes...probably in WOLF is especial...and at the
daytime...
>
> On what greatest distance it was possible to RX in long QRSS such small
> ERP at night?
>
> US's Lowfers have saved wide experience in reception of very weak
> signals on LF - when already they will appear on 136 or 160-190kHz for
> longway 2-way QSO with high-grade ERP?
>
> The first(?) reception of Europe signal in North America on WOLF:
> John W1TAG RX Jim M0BMU at March 9, 2001 at QRB abt 5307km
>
> Whether who has made 2-way QSO on WOLF in Europe?
>
> When (date) Stewart KK7KA has made WOLF mode?
>
> 73! Ed RU6LA  ed@dx.ru  http://136.73.ru
>
>



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Andy talbot" <G4JNT@THERSGB.NET>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <1d7.17e682e8.2d326c53@aol.com>
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Subject: LF: Re: 3C90  Al value?
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I thought Al values was a meaningless term for pure 
ferrite materials and&nbsp;is only published as a guideline as it changes 
dramatically with temperature and B - for a true/ideal transformer it&nbsp;would 
ideally be infinite.&nbsp;&nbsp; Things like bulk resistivity and the area 
inside the hysteresis curve are more significant as they decide the frequency 
and power handling of any material.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Andy&nbsp; G4JNT</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE 
style="BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
  <DIV 
  style="BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: black"><B>From:</B> 
  <A href="mailto:G0MRF@aol.com" title=G0MRF@aol.com>G0MRF@aol.com</A> </DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A 
  href="mailto:rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org" 
  title=rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org</A> </DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Sunday, January 11, 2004 9:07 
  AM</DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> LF: 3C90 Al value?</DIV>
  <DIV><BR></DIV><FONT face=arial,helvetica><FONT face=Arial lang=0 size=2 
  FAMILY="SANSSERIF" PTSIZE="10">Hello Group.<BR><BR>After a 4 month wait I've 
  received a batch of 58mm cores claiming to be 3C90, but according to the 
  catalogue they have the wrong colour code. These are white (pos 3C11) not 
  blue/white for 3C90.<BR><BR>The way to confirm is to calculate the Al value 
  and compare to the data on 3C90 3C85 3C11 etc materials. Unfortunately 3C90 is 
  not listed in my old data book.<BR><BR>I've measured the inductance of a 21 
  turn winding at 1.43mH. <BR>Using&nbsp; L = Al x N squared, this suggests an 
  Al value of 3249.<BR><BR>Is this a good figure for 3C90?&nbsp; It does seem 
  far too low for 3C11 (5000+)<BR>Perhaps they've changed the colour code 
  again?<BR><BR>73<BR><BR>David&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
G0MRF<BR></BLOCKQUOTE></FONT></FONT></BODY></HTML>

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At 11:52 14/1/2004 -0500, you wrote:


>As from Jan 2004 Ferroxcube are no longer colour coding their toroid products. Apparently the use of ISO9000 type procedures in keeping track of quality / sources and storage make the colour codes unnecessary.


What a foolish decision. ISO 9001 requires some form of marking and
tracking of product, not procedures to avoid it.

OK, the consultant who implemented the system is a lunatic, but the
Lloyds/BVQI/TUV/whatever auditors should not have accepted it.

I hope some day the Phillips/Feroxcube idiots make the crucial mishandling
error and supply a defence industry with a large shipment of the wrong
product...

73 Costas SV1XV





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Dear Dave

I have a few unused 3C11 (white) cores. Dimensions are:

Dout = 36 mm
Din  = 22 mm
H    = 15 mm

I wound 18 turns and measured an inductance of 1.94 mH.

73 Costas SV1XV




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Subject: LF: Good LF condx?
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DCF39 is looking good on the W3EEE plot.  Noise is low in NA.  Live Argo
watching 135920.5 to 135923.5 kHz available at:

http://www.w4dex.com/argo/135khz.htm

Dex



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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References: <007a01c3d870$20dd0bc0$0500a8c0@charter.net> <304614133.20040112111754@dx.ru> <002801c3d90b$b41134c0$0500a8c0@charter.net> <004401c3d914$cdb10690$1f00a8c0@dellboy> <5.1.0.14.0.20040112162906.037a6718@u0019445.kuleuven.be>
Subject: Re: LF: Re: Re: Re: Re: First WOLF QSO!
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I'll place my bets on WOLF getting through QRN when QRSS60 or even a dead
carrier can't be seen.  Not long after Stewart introduced us to WOLF, Lowfer
station TEXAS was beaconing with this mode.  I received good copy 5 nights in a
row when the QRN was very bad.  I looked back at my sent mail and found one
message dated 21 March 2001.  Here is a sample of what I copied every night over
this approximate 1600 KM path:

t: 960 f: 0.000 pm: 496 jm:173               TEXAS AGGIE 79  -
t:1056 f: 0.000 pm: 496 jm:173               TEXAS AGGIE 79  -
t:1152 f: 0.000 pm: 496 jm:173               TEXAS AGGIE 79  -
t:1248 f: 0.000 pm: 505 jm:173               TEXAS AGGIE 79  -
t:1344 f: 0.000 pm: 508 jm:173               TEXAS AGGIE 79  -

Dex


Rik Strobbe wrote:

> Hello John, Dave,
>
> I believe that it might be difficult to compare QRSS and WOLF as their
> effectivity also depends on propagation conditions.
>
> As WOLF is repeating the message over and over at a rather high speed it
> can take advantage of short propagation peaks, this is not the case with
> QRSS where the message is sent a single time at a very slow speed.
> At the other hand QRSS might be better when propagation is rather stable
> but very weak (or for surface wave propagation).
>
> 73, Rik  ON7YD
>
> At 09:57 12/01/2004 -0500, you wrote:
> >Dave,
> >
> >We did some tests a couple of years ago involving two similar stations near
> >each other that were about 1800 km from me. One ran QRSS60, the other WOLF.
> >I think we did the tests for about a week, and found similar results.
> >Neither had a clear advantage over that period. The conclusion was that the
> >effectiveness of WOLF was about the same as QRSS60.
> >
> >While our QSO of yesterday did not fully exercise WOLF's capability, do
> >realize that we were receiving 15 characters in a 20 minute period. QRSS60
> >can't do that!
> >
> >As originally conceived by Stewart Nelson, the "reference channel" could be
> >used to exchange signal report information. Neither that nor real-time
> >decoding has been realized, however. It does remain an interesting mode,
> >with a number of limitations as listed in Alan Melia's message of this
> >morning. For U.S. Lowfers, bandwidth is not an issue, and the potential for
> >anything but very local interference is limited.
> >
> >I do believe that gps-locked slower BPSK has more potential at LF, and am
> >slowly working on getting set up for that. Underline the word "slowly,"
> >though!
> >
> >John Andrews, W1TAG



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Subject: Re: LF: 183 kHz BC Q5 in NC at sunset!
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Dave Pick wrote:

> I did move down to 920 to avoid Dex's Loran line.
>

Dave,

Sorry to say but you moved out of my Argo window.  I am watching and uploading
920.5 to 923.5.  Check out my loran lines at the real time Argo from NC posted
at:

http://www.w4dex.com/argo/135khz.htm

Dex



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Subject: Re: LF: 183 kHz BC Q5 in NC at sunset!
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Dave Pick wrote:

> I'll radiate a test tonight on 135.921 (ish) dot 60 if things look hopeful.
> about -10dbW
> It's on now.

Dave,

Try to avoid 135,921.053 if you can please.  That is a local loran line for
me.  See my live Argo at:

http://www.w4dex.com/argo/135khz.htm

Tnx,
Dex



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Subject: Re: LF: 183 kHz BC Q5 in NC at sunset!
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Also 153, 162 and 177 kHz Q5 now at 2248 UT.



> Good signal on 183 kHz BC here in NC at sunset.
>
> Dex



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Subject: LF: 183 kHz BC Q5 in NC at sunset!
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Good signal on 183 kHz BC here in NC at sunset.

Dex



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References: <3FFABF62.CF749613@att.net> <011f01c3d48b$01167ee0$6ec428c3@captbrian> <005901c3d4b0$5ea65ec0$b1aa7ad5@rogersservices> <Pine.OSF.4.56.0401070928040.9984@plato.ucs.mun.ca>
Subject: Re: LF: TA 07 Jan 04
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Joe Craig wrote:

> Very strong sigs from AQC.

Laurie was also good into NC just after sunset.  Was very nice to see
that familiar DFCW.  It was this month three years ago when I saw that
first "Q" from Laurie.

Last night I forgot to turn on Argo capture and almost missed saving his
signal.  Caught this much of it:

http://w4dex.com/argo/135khz/07jan04/capt00050.jpg

The rest of the night didn't produce mush activity on the screen.  All
captures showing any signal can been seen here:

http://w4dex.com/argo/135khz/07jan04/

Dex





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Subject: LF: TA report 2004.01.06
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Two TA signals seen here overnight, CT1DRP and G3LDO.  Brian's signal
was blurred, at first I though by noise.  But when Peter's signal was
there it was clear.  We seen this blurring on Argo displayed MF and HF
signals which is thought to be multipath.  Comments?

Captures posted at:

http://w4dex.com/argo/135khz/06jan04/

Dex, w4dex



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Subject: Re: LF: TA test PA0SE
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<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
<html>
Dick,
<p>I will change the Argolautor to the QRSS60 slow mode.
<p><A HREF="http://www.w4dex.com/argo/135khz.htm">http://www.w4dex.com/argo/135khz.htm</A>
<p>The loop amp battery needs charging so the screen may be dead for a
few hours but will be back up by 2200.
<p>GL,
<br>Dex
<p>Dick Rollema wrote:
<blockquote TYPE=CITE><b>To All&nbsp; from PA0SE</b>
<p><b>When it stays dry I intend to do some QRSS120 beaconing on 135922kHz,
starting at about 2200 UTC today.</b>
<p><b>73, Dick, PA0SE</b></blockquote>
</html>

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References: <014d01c3dac6$cd3aabe0$f89a8418@Peter> <4005E8D7.7000301@mindspring.com> <008301c3db50$4b377c60$b3c428c3@captbrian> <4006A641.1070809@usa.net>
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Subject: Re: LF: Re: lf andnoise and offshore.
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Let me add a few tidbits here as a nice discussion on sea gain seems to 
have begun.

At 24 kHz, vertically polarized signals become pretty much unreadable 
with the best technology about 25 feet under the surface.  Horizontally 
polarized signals do much less well.  At 130 kHz the distance would be 
less.  While it is remarkable that the signals penetrate at all, most of 
the signal is reflected or absorbed.  In our case I think we can neglect 
the component that penetrates down.

I suggest a model of a perfectly reflecting surface and sum the incoming 
waves accumulating into a coherent surface wave.  Look at how the signal 
strength would be by looking out from the receiving antenna at zero 
degrees elevation.  It is like summing a large number of samples where 
many tend to add and not so many subtract.

 Then modify that model to account for wave tilt due to the imperfect 
conductivity of the sea water as the wave tilt will limit the length of 
surface that is reflecting.  In the case of sea water that length will 
be quite long if these waves can make it all the way from NY City to the 
Outer Banks on surface waves.

Wave tilt is not covered in many modern texts but was topic for study 
with a few hardy souls such as Hund in his book on RF measurements back 
in the early 1930s.  Hund dropped the subject in his secon revision.  I 
would be happy to forward that section of his text as it seems to be a 
lost concept, at least over here in the US.

The whole subject of sea gain deserves some attention and discussion.

Frank K0BRA

Alberto di Bene wrote:

> captbrian wrote:
>
>> Franks interesting bit about reception in NC refers to 770khz - a 
>> long way
>> from 136 - which in turn is a long way from the  navy/submarine freqs.
>> (anyone know what the navy freqs. are ? )
>>
>>  
>>
> From the site of Renato Romero  ( 
> http://www.vlf.it/submarine/sbmarine.html ) :
> ----
> Signals directed to atomic submarines in immersion. USA and Russia 
> transmit in the ELF band generating
> a slow binary code. Frequencies are 76 Hz for the U.S. system and 82 
> Hz in the Russian system; the E.R.P.
> (Effective Radiated Power) is small, probably a few Watts, but signals 
> are receivable around the world.
> ----
>
> Note : they are 76 and 82 Hertz, not kilohertz...
>
> 73  Alberto  I2PHD
>
>
>
>
>




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Subject: Re: LF: Re: lf andnoise and offshore.
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Peter,

AMRAD conducted several winter trips to the Outer Banks of North 
Carolina to listen to LF signals in the days before transatlantic 
amateur signals were common.  The Outer Banks are a long narrow strip of 
land several miles offshore from the North Carolina mainland.  We 
observed LF broadcast signals and compared to what we were seeing at 
sites more inland were stronger.  We attributed this signal difference 
to sea gain and would put its value at 10 or more dB in the few cases we 
observed although we did not make careful measurements.

The ITU has put together a model for radio propagation and includes a 
factor for sea gain.  It only works out to be worth a couple of dB in 
the test cases we ran.  I think the ITU model does not recognize the 
amount of sea gain that is available from moving to the sea coast for 
the really best conditions at least below 200 kHz..  I am convinced it 
is there and is significant.

Also the noise was low but we could find quiet sites inland and we just 
could not hear the Transatlantic signals nearly as well inland.

<caution, speculation on> I speculate that the LF waves are combining. 
and adding in phase due to the long wavelength, at the sea water 
interface and traveling in as surface waves stronger than the low angle 
sky waves that created them..  Similar to glints or mirages we see 
optically. <speculation off>   We can hear other surface waves at 770 
kHz on the Outer Banks from New York City duirng the day and night.  We 
cannot hear them much past a mile inland as the land kills the surface 
wave propagation.  While we did not conduct a similar experimant on LF I 
suspect they would also fade down to the sky wave strength if we went 
inland.

Frank K0BRA

Peter van Daalen wrote:

>Sorry,
>
>I made a most ennoying typo :
>
>I wrote :
>
>snip.....
>"  Does sea again ( if any at all ? ) and low man made and evironment  noise
>add
>substantially to the LF performance ? "
>snip.....
>
>
>While I meant to write :
>
>" Does seagain ( if any at all ? )  and etc... add substantially to LF
>performance  ? "
>
>I do know something on sea gain on 144 Mhz ( for /MM EME purpose on moonrise
>and moonset ) but I am unaware of the seagain effects on LF.
>
>
>
>
>  
>




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From: "G4WGT Gary" <g4wgt@talkgas.net>
To: "Rsgb_Lf_Group" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Date: Sun, 4 Jan 2004 10:55:03 -0000
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Hello again to all at LF,

Happy New Year to you all.

I have had a few days away over NY so I had quite a lot of e-mails to look
thro'.
I see that there has been some debate on antenna's again which suits me fine
because I am considering trying to improve my LF antenna system. I need to
improve on the support & insulation of the antenna since my recent
experience with corona bringing down part of the antenna, so I going to try
a different antenna arrangement at the same time.

I have only got a small back garden & at the moment the arrangement is like
a 80 to 90 mtr loop pulled in to the centre from the middle of the sides &
then pulled upwards to the top of my 14 mtr mast & secured at the lower
corners, this makes it take up a lot less space for the amount of wire used
(An example of the shape is like a Maltese Cross with the centre up in a
peak & the wide sides of the cross sloping steeply downwards). The "loop" is
fed with 72 ohm twin feeder at the peak which allowed me to use it on the 80
M (3.5 Mhz) band with a balanced matching unit. Using this gave a great
increase over the umberella top loading with 4 wires following the criteria
set out on one of the web sites (I think Rik ON7YD).

The new arrangement will basically be like a large bow tie shape using about
160 to 180 mtrs of wire (which is considerable more wire than the other
version), the wide ends of the bow tie shape will be about 7 metres across
10 to 12 metres long & pinched together near the centre were it will be
pulled up to the top of the mast. I am not sure if I should feed it at the
centre (top of the mast) like a centre fed inverted V or feed it at the end
like an end fed inverted V. I have seen article on the web relating to
"umberella) top loading that suggests that if the top loading wires come
down steeply that the vertical part of the antenna can be shielded &
detracts from the performance as a vertical radiator, also that if the
feeder is close to the metal mast that supports it that this also reduces
performance, also it has been said that it is probably better to cover as
much ground area as possible with loading wire in the space available .

 I would like you to look at a diagram of my idea (which is reasonably to
scale) & give me your comments. This can be found at :-

www.wgtaylor.talkgas.net/coilcabinet.jpg

I have substituted the existing picture with the diagram hence the name
coilcabinet.

Please your comments direct or via LF reflector.

Thanks & 73

Gary - G4WGT  g4wgt@talkgas.net



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From: "gus" <begu@algonet.se>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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Hi

I am active on 135,921,5 QRSS 60.

73 de Gus SM6BHZ




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From: "gus" <begu@algonet.se>
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Subject: LF: Test
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From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Ian Kyle" <ianj.kyle@virgin.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Date: Mon, 19 Jan 2004 11:51:26 -0000
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Subject: LF: LF Activity.
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Good morning all,
this posting is simply to inform any interested party or parties that as
from 1300z today I am quitting LF.
Poor health coupled with bad weather has meant that there is a backlog of
repair work needed  on the "outside bits" (as well as a new TX) and I no
longer have either the physical or mental resources to undertake all this
work - never mind any motivation.
It has been interesting and fun, but there are other things I wish to try so
this afternoon the LF antenna will come down. I shall remain on the
reflector for a while yet, so 'bye for now' to all those with whom I have
had enjoyable contact - either on air or by e-mail.

73 de,

Ian GI8AYZ/MI0AYZ



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Ian Kyle" <ianj.kyle@virgin.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <C75A388845B4B54B9CF5E2ADB589B0E3031AEFA6@btss.siemens-pse.sk> <1AgPdH-1ZJ71l0@fwd11.sul.t-online.com> <004701c3da25$425ad500$2102000a@ibm>
Date: Wed, 14 Jan 2004 18:13:16 -0000
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Subject: LF: Re: new here..little introduction
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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
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Hello Dick,
I have been on LF for about 18 months using the antenna shown in the
attachment with up to 200W on 73KHz and 100Won 136KHz from a standard size
suburban plot without any interference problems at all on the transmit side.
Plenty of QRM on receive but no trouble on TX. The antenna and its
supporting stays are contained within the back garden which measures 18m. by
14m. with 5 houses all within 16m. of the vertical bit that does the actual
radiating.
As it happens, this coming weekend will be my last on LF as I am quitting to
go back to VHF/UHF which remains my first love, and since all the VHF/UHF
antennas had to come down to make way for the LF antenna so things have to
happen in reverse now.
My sole reason for going on to LF was to see if I could manage to fit a
useful LF antenna into the available space and make QSOs on 73 KHz and that
has been done. 136KHz is easier  and even though the actual TX output power
is only about 80W on 136, my QRSS signals have got out to UA6 and been seen
(but not well enough for a QSO) by VO1NA.
So you see it is not absolutely necessary to have lots of space and/or
power. Good luck and have fun.

73 de

Ian GI8AYZ/MI0AYZ

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From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Lech Laszkiewicz" <Lechlaski@btinternet.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <C75A388845B4B54B9CF5E2ADB589B0E3031AEFA6@btss.siemens-pse.sk> <1AgPdH-1ZJ71l0@fwd11.sul.t-online.com> <004701c3da25$425ad500$2102000a@ibm> <00b501c3daa2$fed47740$2701a8c0@lubon>
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Subject: LF: Re: Re: new here..little introduction
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I use 1.5Kw TX on136KHz. My nearest neighbours are only 10metres from my
Marcconi "T" antenna and over last 3 years they had no interference on their
MF nor VHF radios, television sets, terrestial and satellite. They use their
computers a lot with no interference. I have advised them of my rsdio
activities and I receive no complaints. Maybe I am just lucky.
73 de Lech, G3KAU
----- Original Message -----
From: "Marek SQ5BPM" <sq5bpm@wp.pl>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Wednesday, January 14, 2004 1:33 PM
Subject: LF: Re: new here..little introduction


> > Sofar I haven't seen any reports of interference caused by 136kHz
> > stations to consumers electronic devices.
> > Wonder how serious is the possibility of interfering in audio-equipement
> > in the neighbourhood??
>
> Hi all,
>
> The only interference we found in our club was with our remote HF antenna
> switching equipment: LEDs connected to long, ca. 40m long cables going to
> remote relays glow during the transmission. These are probably not fully
> decoupled from RF, but this is not at all annoying, even better, this
gives
> a visual sign of the transmitted signal HI.
>
> Additionally there is one rotor controller's "mouse" which is easy to get
> interferred by LF as well as HF. It has it's cable unshielded and
connected
> straight to the uP inside the controller, so this is normal.
>
> Apart of that there is no known interference in our club and it's
> surrounding caused by LF at all. Which unfortunately cannot be said about
> higher frequencies, which easily get into audio & TV equipment ca.
100-150m
> around the club... 25W of average power ATV on 70cm makes visual "ghosts"
on
> other TV signals. 50W on 50MHz or 144MHz usually causes a total "blackout"
> in our closest neighbours' TVs, don't ask what happens if we transmit
using
> a little more power. HF causes interference only above ca. 250W, most
> problematic being the highest HF bands.
>
> However 400W of input power on 136kHz makes zero interference.
>
> ===
>
> I will try to be active on LF this weekend at last, starting on Friday. It
> takes me more than an hour to prepare the TX and antenna plus QRSS QSOs
are
> time-consuming so I must be certain I have at least a few hours of spare
> time, if I want to get active...
>
> 73! Marek SQ5BPM
> SP5ZCC Scouts Radio Club
>
>


From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Subject: RE: LF: Re: "T" versus "L"aerial
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<div class=Section1>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>Dear
Dick / Bob and Lofers,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>Does
the computer calculate the earth losses in the return path from the aerial
system to the transmitter? If it would then the earth losses in a T should have
been significantly less then the L alternative. There are two separate return
currents <br>
(parallel resistance) and each with a smaler physical length (lower R-earth<span
class=GramE>) <span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;</span>in</span> a T system
resulting in more ERP if compared to an L system.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>Greetings
and best wishes for a (LF) radio-active 2004 to All.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>Mike,
PC4M (ex PA3BSH)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><span class=GramE><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>-----Oorspronkelijk</span></font></span><font
size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
bericht-----<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Van:</span></b>
owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org [mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org] <b><span
style='font-weight:bold'>Namens </span></b>Dick Rollema<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Verzonden:</span></b> maandag 29 december
2003 16:37<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Aan:</span></b> rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Onderwerp:</span></b> Re: LF: Re:
&quot;T&quot; versus &quot;L&quot;aerial</span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><b><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold'>To All
from PA0SE<br>
<br>
Bob, ZL2AC wrote<span class=GramE>:<br>
<br>
<br style='mso-special-character:line-break'>
<![if !supportLineBreakNewLine]><br style='mso-special-character:line-break'>
<![endif]></span></span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><font size=2 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Dick PA0SE<span class=GramE>,<br>
</span></span></font>&nbsp;<br>
<font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Fine
on the test result.&nbsp; As you stated, the tested T has twice the amount of
top loading wire (2x 20 metres) than the L (1x 20 metres).<br>
</span></font>&nbsp;<br>
<font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>It
would be interesting to know if a T is better than an L for constant length top
loading i.e. what the difference is if the upwire joins at the end or the
middle of the horizontal top wire (theory suggests the T is better as there is
minimal horizontally polarised component).<br>
</span></font>&nbsp;<br>
<span class=GramE><b><font face=Arial><span style='font-family:Arial;
font-weight:bold'>Bob,&nbsp; </span></font></b></span><b><font face=Arial><span
style='font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'>I cannot answer your question by a
practical experiment but used computer simulation instead by means of K6STI's
program Antenna Optimizer.</span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:35.4pt'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>I modeled two antennas with a vertical
element of 20m.&nbsp; One an Inverted L-antenna with a horizontal top load wire
of 40m. The other a T-antenna with a top load of 2 x 20m.<br>
Both <span class=GramE>antennas&nbsp; </span>without losses, over perfect
ground and fed with 1kW.<br>
<br>
At a distance of 10km (so well outside the near field region) and over perfect
ground both antennas produced a vertically polarised field of 29.9mV/m. The
horizontally polarised field was zero; but this is to be expected because over
a perfect conducting ground a horizontal field component cannot exist.<br>
<br>
73, Dick, PA0SE <br>
<br>
Original message<span class=GramE>:<br>
<br style='mso-special-character:line-break'>
<![if !supportLineBreakNewLine]><br style='mso-special-character:line-break'>
<![endif]></span><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:71.4pt'><b><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold'>To:</span></font></b>
<a href="mailto:rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org">LF-Group</a> <o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:71.4pt'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Sent: Sunday, <span
class=GramE>December</span> 28, 2003 3:09 AM<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:
12.0pt;margin-left:71.4pt'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>Subject: LF: &quot;T&quot; versus &quot;L&quot;aerial<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:
12.0pt;margin-left:71.4pt'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>To All from PA0SE<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:71.4pt'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Further to my e-mail of
26 <span class=GramE>December</span> I measured the field strength as radiated
by the aerial in <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:
12.0pt;margin-left:71.4pt'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>Inverted L-configuration. From this I found EMRP = </span></font><font
size=4><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>57 milliwatt.</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:
12.0pt;margin-left:71.4pt'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>This confirms the benificial effect of top loading.
The T-aerial radiated </span></font><font size=4><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>140
milliwatt</span></font>. <o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:
12.0pt;margin-left:71.4pt'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>So going from a single 20m top load wire for the
&quot;L&quot; to 2 x 20m for the &quot;T&quot; resulted in an improvement by a
factor 2.46 (3.9dB) in radiated power. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:
12.0pt;margin-left:71.4pt'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>The vertical part of the &quot;T&quot; consisted of an
open wire feedline of 11m with the two wires connected in parallel in the attic
shack. For the &quot;L&quot; one of the feedline wires was removed. I assume
this did not appreciably affect the EMRP.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:71.4pt'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>73, Dick, PA0SE <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

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From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Matteo" <iz2day@libero.it>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Date: Wed, 31 Dec 2003 21:52:02 +0100
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Subject: LF: looking vo1na for some info
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hi group and happy 2k4 ,
i read a mail of vo1na abt your  rx loop 
can you send me the draw of it at my mail : 

IZ2DAY@LIBERO.IT 


From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Date: Sun, 11 Jan 2004 10:40:14 +0100
From: "Michael Oexner" <michael.oexner@web.de>
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Subject: Re: LF: 3C90  Al value?
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Hello David:


> After a 4 month wait I've received a batch of 58mm cores claiming to
> be 3C90, but according to the catalogue they have the wrong colour
> code. These are white (pos 3C11) not blue/white for 3C90.

> The way to confirm is to calculate the Al value and compare to the
> data on 3C90 3C85 3C11 etc materials. Unfortunately 3C90 is not
> listed in my old data book.

You'll find the specs at:

http://www.alg.demon.co.uk/radio/136/comps.htm

http://www.ferroxcube.com/prod/assets/3c90.pdf

http://www.alg.demon.co.uk/radio/136/3C85.pdf


-- 
Best regards,
 Michael                            mailto:michael.oexner@web.de



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From: "Stewart Bryant" <stewart.bryant@virgin.net>
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Mal

The full manual was at the reference that I posted a few days ago,
including a circuit diagram. Admitedly it was scanned as a bunch
of pages, but it appears to all be there and scissors and tape would
fix it back together.

The file on the site is in .djvu format, but if you want me
to render it to .pdf and send it to you, let me know. The circuit is
246K. The full manual will be much larger, and probably needs to be
posted on a web site somewhere.

73

Stewart G3YSX



hamilton mal wrote:
> Hi All
> Anyone looking for original manuals for AR88 rx, BRT400 rx, EDDYSTONE 
> 1590 rx. Let me know
> Looking for HEATH SB 221 manual. I got a lot of info from Internet but 
> cannot find a good cct  diagram.
> I have an AMPLIFIER Collins 30L-1 round emblem spare if anyone 
> is interested.
> Pse reply direct via email
>  
> de Mal/G3KEV
>  



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Subject: Re: LF: Re: HEATH SB221 AMP
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There seems to be a manual at

http://bama.sbc.edu/heath.htm

but the site has an FTP limit of 10 and so I could not put
it down to chack it.

73

Stewart G3YSX




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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span lang=NL style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:NL'>Hallo <span class=SpellE><span
class=GramE>dick</span></span><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span lang=NL style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:NL'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span lang=NL style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:NL'>De 4427 kun je bestellen bij barend<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span lang=NL style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:NL'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span lang=NL style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:NL'>Groeten <span class=SpellE><span
class=GramE>wim</span></span> <a href="mailto:pa3ego@amsat.org">pa3ego@amsat.org</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span lang=NL style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:NL'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span lang=NL style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;mso-ansi-language:NL'>Succes 73s<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

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From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Alan Melia" <Alan.Melia@btinternet.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <HNEGLMNKFOEMMNHIFAPIMELLCDAA.g4wgt@talkgas.net>
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Hi Gary a quick look at the circuit in the Handbook shows that the "Ext VFO"
input goes straight to the input of a cmos divider running from 12v Vdd so
you will need a signal in excess of about 9v p-p to drive it. Cmos
transitions are around the vdd/2 point, so you might try putting a pair of
highish value resistors (say 47k) to form a potential divider biassing the
divider and then apply the DDS through a cap. Dont leave it like this for
service as the divider stage will "oscillate" as it will have no noise
immumity. You really need an extra driver stage on your DDS to make it swing
+/- 12v.

Cheers de Alan G3NYK
alan.melia@btinternet.com

----- Original Message -----
From: "G4WGT - Gary" <g4wgt@talkgas.net>
To: "Rsgb_Lf_Group" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: 31 January 2004 13:46
Subject: LF: G0MRF 300 w Tx


> Hi all at LF,
>
> Can anyone advise me regarding using an external vfo on the 300 w
> transmitter external vfo option. Has anyone used this feature? Connecting
to
> the external vfo input pin produces no output. I have just built the
KG6CYN
> DDS VFO offered by the G-QRP CLUB.
>
> Output: Buffered 1 Vpp into 50 Ohms for 50KHz to 40 MHz - Non Buffered
> Output also provided.
>
> The original can be found at http://www.qsl.net/kg6cyn/DDS_Project.htm
>
> Similar e-mail to David direct.
>
> Thanks & 73
>
> Gary - G4WGT
>
>



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Hi all it looks like under present conditions of continuous low level Geomag
activity that signals are very location dependent, and the "golden spot"
changes from night to night. My captures of Joe are listed below...times
very approximate estimated off the capture screens

0000z    "M" with local QRM
0110z    "T" heavy QRM
0230z    "O"
0310z    "O"
0410z    "O"
0500z    "O"
0610z    "O"
0730z    "T" some QRM
I think without the qrm most would be regarded as "identifyable".

Strangely enough the screens contain a signal at 137.7781 sending PA0SE. I
can only assume this is a mixing product with SXV or possibly CFH, as I am
using an amplified loop, and at 2330 last night I was getting a very strong
signal from Dick with very pronounced "dog-boning".

Which just goes to show what can be done with less than max power.
Cheers de Alan G3NYK

----- Original Message -----
From: "LAWRENCE MAYHEAD" <laurie@g3aqc.freeserve.co.uk>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: 30 January 2004 22:32
Subject: LF: Re. TA Jan 30


> Congratulations to Dick for making it across.
> For information I monitored VO1NA last night ,there were traces around
0100
> but the signal improved to "M"at 0300, then "O" copy 0500- 0530, fading
> later, although still visible at 0700.
> 73 Laurie.
>
>



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From: "Alan Melia" <Alan.Melia@btinternet.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <005401c3e2ad$3d2d3ba0$6507a8c0@Main> <Pine.OSF.4.56.0401251406200.12977@plato.ucs.mun.ca> <000801c3e38f$bbec4d40$1f00a8c0@dellboy>
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Hi Dave well we had a major storm (Kp=7) on 22nd and that is probably just
working through now (2/3 day delay). I had a very high noise level earlier
this evening.....I say high as it wiped out the TV and Low Energy light-bulb
taces on ARGO!!  I thought it was static rain at first but it was dry
outside.

I am getting nearer to understanding more about some of this stuff now...I
send you a personal
Cheers de Alan G3NYK

----- Original Message -----
From: "Dave Pick" <dave@picks.force9.co.uk>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: 25 January 2004 22:08
Subject: LF: Re: Running on 2 legs


> I doubt whether we'll see anything tonight... the screen looks devoid of
any
> Loran lines, usually a bad sign and topband has collapsed completely.
What's
> going on Alan?
> The grabber is on just in case.
>
> Dave G3YXM
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
>
>
> > Dear LF Group,
> >
> > After trudging up the hill with snow shoes and my axe,
> > convincing three trees to relinqish one of the 100 metre
> > wires comprising my LF aerial and reconnecting everything,
> > the aerial is back to its orginal form.
> >
> > Despite the poor conditions, the sigs were received well at
> > Brian's CT1DRP grabber this morning around 0700UTC.
> >
> > The TX will be on again tonight/tomorrow morning on 137.777 kHz
> > QRSS30.
> >
> > On another note, one should avoid aerial work during blizzards.
> > This morning, I found the experience quite electrifying as
> > a result of precip. static using me as an earth connection.
> >
> > Joe VO1NA
> >
> >
>
>
>



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Sorry all after a solution....the saga continues.

Alan G3NYK




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Hi all, sorry still only acces to CT....

Hi Brian, comments in system report, requested from me after 48hours.
I will make another trial now.

Cheers de Alan G3NYK
alan.melia@btinternet.com




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Hi Dick, it is not really all that necessary to use that chip. It is quite
possible to drive the gates quite adequately with a PNP-NPN totem pair
(emitter followers...the emitters to the output ...npn top pnp
bottom...bases strapped together). These can be driven from 12v logic levels
(cmos) Most switching  FETs will turn on at about 6 volts but need around 10
to 12 volts for high currents. In fact the chipp can be a cause of FET
failure, it you remove the drive from the TC44xx and dont kill the supply
the output just stays high, holding the FET on. I think there are some
advantages in the keying technique used by Dave G3YXM and Dave G0MRF, in
that as the supply is keyed the "ON" times changes "gently" helping tame the
click.

Cheers de Alan G3NYK
alan.melia@btinternet.com




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Sorry all, we have an inter-ISP problem.
Alan



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Subject: LF: Brian...another "bounce"
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Hi all sorry abt this ....Brian here is the error message from the
bounce...have save the complete thing but I believe this is the important
bit.

---------------------------------

  brian@esoterica.pt
    SMTP error from remote mailer after MAIL
FROM:<Alan.Melia@btinternet.com>:
    host mail-relay.esoterica.pt [195.22.31.53]: 554 5.7.1 Rejected
194.73.73.147 found in dnsbl.sorbs.net

--------------------------------

Cheers de Alan G3NYK
alan.melia@btinternet.com




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Alan Melia" <Alan.Melia@btinternet.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <001301c3de7a$dade8b60$fe79a8c0@PCVONWALTER> <4010040925.20040119114525@dx.ru> <000a01c3dea1$7a180000$6507a8c0@Main> <004001c3dedd$be08eae0$80a82951@BI57429bankinter>
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Subject: LF: Re: Re: Re: RU6LA acty
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Hi Jose, yes quite possibly. You are about 100kms North of Brian, I dont
know how that would affect the path length, but the "interference fringes"
at ground level from multi-hop ionospheric path can differ by an appreciable
about in just 10 kms or so, particularly at a distance of 3700kms. There is
a bit of naive schoolboy maths on my web site with the equations for one and
two hop path lengths. (though for this path length it is probably 2 and 3
hop ) You may also be taking returns from different volumes of ionosphere.
It would seem that things were moving around quite rapidly maybe as a result
of some of the recent minor geomag activity....ripples in the layers ??
Cheers de Alan G3NYK

PS... Brian your email address is being rejected ...your ISP is off air
again or something. (2330 - 2400 19th)

----- Original Message -----
From: "José Manuel" <jpradoes@telefonica.net>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: 19 January 2004 22:44
Subject: LF: Re: Re: RU6LA acty


> Hi Alan, Ed and all:
>
> I think that the Machta-Porto and Machta-La Coruńa paths are very similar
> (about 3700 km), but this weekend I realized that the peaks and the deeps
of
> the signals at this end of the hop didn´t coincide at the same time. Can
be
> this considered logic?
>
> 73 de José, EA1PX
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Alan Melia" <Alan.Melia@btinternet.com>
> To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
> Sent: Monday, January 19, 2004 4:32 PM
> Subject: LF: Re: RU6LA acty
>
>
> >
> > ----- Original Message -----
> > From: "Ed Lesnichy" <ed@dx.ru>
> > To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
> > Sent: 19 January 2004 11:45
> > Subject: LF: RU6LA acty
> >
> >
> > > Dear LF-enthusiasts!
> > > Some conclusions from last acty: the propagation was very unstable on
> > > a distance up to 3000km at the night but for me there was by a
surprise
> > > a very good and stable propagation to daytime (Jan 18)
> >
> > Hi Ed, I guess I was a bit too optimistic. The geomagnetic condition
> > continued to be unsettled (Kp=4) and precipitate electrons into the
> D-layer.
> > The result was to "top-up" a "reflecting" daytime layer at about 50kms,
> > giving enhanced daytime propagation, but at night, persistant ionisation
> > gave absorption, limiting levels but with fairly short period deep
fading.
> I
> > have a plot from Brian from the 17th that displays this. The daytime
> > enhancement between DCF39 and CT1 was 10dB higher than average at 1200z.
> > Brian's daytime signal from DCF39 is by skywave and on average is some
> 20dB
> > above the groundwave signal at about mid-day. It normally needs a major
> > geomag storm in the summer to give enhancement of of 10dB on top of this
> in
> > daytime.
> >
> > Thanks for your efforts
> > Regards de Alan G3NYK
> > alan..melia@btinternet.com
> >
> >
> >
>
>
>


From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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References: <C75A388845B4B54B9CF5E2ADB589B0E3031AEFE6@btss.siemens-pse.sk> <1074543877.400c3d051a334@webmail2.kuleuven.be> <00a901c3ded7$9c359cc0$2102000a@ibm>
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Have you tried this one Dick.
http://www.xs4all.nl/~barendh/Indexeng.htm
Cheers de Alan G3NYK
alan.melia@btinternet.com

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Dick" <knaap159@zonnet.nl>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: 19 January 2004 21:59
Subject: LF: Where to get TC44... and MUR1660??


> Hello all,
> 
> I am wondering where I can get (one of) the following components:
> 
> TC4421
> TC4422
> TC4426
> MUR1660CT
> 
> A google search didn't deliver a resonable result.
> I am looking for a store/firm in Holland or Germany, as this is
> the easiest way in case of ordering/paying.
> 
> Any suggestions??
> 
> Meanwhile I started to build the first part for my 136kHz station:
> the 1370kHz VFO..........
> The rest will be a lot of bits and pieces from various designs, likely
> resulting in a QRPP transmitter capable of producing 100Watt or so.
> 
> 73
> 
> Dick, PA4VHF (JO32eh)
> 
> 
> 



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <C75A388845B4B54B9CF5E2ADB589B0E3031AEFE5@btss.siemens-pse.sk>
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Hi Rich, it may be right off and impossible ( I am not a BC engineer !! or a
power engineer) But would it be possible to put a capacitor in parallel with
the light-feed chokes to parallel tune them to nearer 136kHz and increase
their impedance to that frequency ?? Flames accepted if that is a silly
idea. !! It would need to be a high voltage rated cap of course.

Cheers de Alan G3NYK
alan.melia@btinternet.com

----- Original Message -----
From: "Gasparik Richard" <Richard.Gasparik@siemens.com>
To: "Rsgb_Lf_Group (E-mail)" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: 19 January 2004 15:36
Subject: LF: AC feeder...


> Here is the feeding of AC through the RF line...inside the feeder....very
> well coupling...
>
> Rich OM2TW
>  <<chokes_2.JPG>>
>



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----- Original Message -----
From: "Ed Lesnichy" <ed@dx.ru>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: 19 January 2004 11:45
Subject: LF: RU6LA acty


> Dear LF-enthusiasts!
> Some conclusions from last acty: the propagation was very unstable on
> a distance up to 3000km at the night but for me there was by a surprise
> a very good and stable propagation to daytime (Jan 18)

Hi Ed, I guess I was a bit too optimistic. The geomagnetic condition
continued to be unsettled (Kp=4) and precipitate electrons into the D-layer.
The result was to "top-up" a "reflecting" daytime layer at about 50kms,
giving enhanced daytime propagation, but at night, persistant ionisation
gave absorption, limiting levels but with fairly short period deep fading. I
have a plot from Brian from the 17th that displays this. The daytime
enhancement between DCF39 and CT1 was 10dB higher than average at 1200z.
Brian's daytime signal from DCF39 is by skywave and on average is some 20dB
above the groundwave signal at about mid-day. It normally needs a major
geomag storm in the summer to give enhancement of of 10dB on top of this in
daytime.

Thanks for your efforts
Regards de Alan G3NYK
alan..melia@btinternet.com




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Hi all, CFH was active again last night and to my relief showed quite good
levelsbetween 2400z and 0600z, peaking 39dBuV. The signal did not disappear
from my screen until about 1100z this morning.  There was no deep fading but
a lot of shallow rapid fading so I believe the recovery is not yet complete.
However it looks as though there should be some good night-time conditions
for the activty this weekend. Although there was a low level (C-Class flare)
this morning NOAA SEC predicts a quiet few days.

Good Luck
Cheers de Alan G3NYK
alan.melia@btinternet.com




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Hi Dick, welcome to the reflector. There are a number of stations in the UK
that use high power from fairly ordinary sized plots. Peter G3LDO has a long
garden but is not that far from neighbours, also Jim M0BMU, and not far away
Mike G3XDV.  Dave G3YMC has a very small plot and used a loop but only with
about 40W, local TV PSU interference has spoiled Dave's listening. Remote
quiet aerial sites are very useful but you might be surprised how good a
small loop can be in built up areas if you can get it away a little from the
house lines. The AOR 7030 is the RX I use and I have found it very stable,
and very reliable.
I look forward to hearing your signal (PA is a local to me on 136kHz !! )
Cheers de Alan G3NYK   IO02PB
alan.melia@btinternet.com
http://www.alan.melia.btinternet.co.uk

----- Original Message -----
From: "Dick" <knaap159@zonnet.nl>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: 13 January 2004 22:32
Subject: LF: new here..little introduction


> Hello all,
>
> I am rather new on this list, and will give a brief introduction.
>




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Hi all, after successfully helping John and Dex to a daytime 1000kms DX qso
under part 15 regs, I am emboldened to make some "predictions" for the
coming week. This time is particularly interesting as both Ed RU6LA and Rich
OM2TW will be at their "big aerial" sites next weekend.

As the weather forecasters say 5 days is a long time.....but, NOAA SEC says
that the coronal hole has moved away and predicts a period of low
geomagnetic activity. Also the sun-spot that produced the M-Class flares
last week has moved away. The activity in early January terminated quite a
long quiet period, and though there are signs of absorbtion and daylight
skywave I do not think the ionisation will take long to decay. The real-time
plot of DCF39 on Steve's W3EEE web site is showing quite good levels despite
the geomag activity. The NOAA report suggests that we will get a few quiet
days for any absorbing material in the D-layer to decay away and leave some
chance of good night-time conditions by next weekend the 16/18th. I am not
sure how good day-time conditions will be, but I expect Ed and Rich's
signals to reach most parts of Europe in daytime. They will of course be
better as the path moves into darkness, which will be about 1300z for Ed,
though it will be 1500z before a substantial amount of the D-layer towards
Europe is in darkness.

Good Luck all
Cheers de Alan G3NYK
alan.melia@btinternet.com




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References: <007a01c3d870$20dd0bc0$0500a8c0@charter.net> <304614133.20040112111754@dx.ru>
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Hi Ed, as John says, I do not recall any two-way WOLF qsos. I think only Jim
M0BMU, Andy G4JNT have transmit it, that I can remember. It is basically an
"off-line" decoding system, where with weak signals one may have to process
the recorded file several times. I think a lot of us were waiting and maybe
hoping for a "instant", real-time version. Then Alberto came along with
Jason as a keyboard decoded mode, and WOLF did not seem to progress.
(Stewart provided  some adaptive code to improve the decoder in Alberto's
system)  I also believe that WOLF is transmit as BPSK which generally
requires a linear PA. (Jason is an FSK mode so can use non-linear PAs)
Generally for high power station one requires a DDS exciter with a non
linear PA, to prouce "soft" phase transitions. It is possible with some
hardware that Jim developed to produce soft phase changes which would be
required on a high power station to control bandwidth. I dont think the
bandwidth is such an issue with FCC Part 15, 1 watt output, stations.
Details from memory (liable to suffer dropped bits these days ...:-)) Look
at
http://www.scgroup.com/ham/wolf.html
for the full story.

Well done on repairing the aerial at Machta and we look forward to hearing
your signals again.

Cheers de Alan G3NYK
alan.melia@btinternet.com


----- Original Message -----
From: "Ed Lesnichy" <ed@dx.ru>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: 12 January 2004 11:17
Subject: LF: Re: First WOLF QSO!


> John, Dex and LF-enthusiasts!
>
> My congratulations to John W1TAG and Dex W4DEX!
> It is remarkable result at such very small ERP!
> I believe what to RX a very weak signal at 1w DC input max (not 1w
> ERP!!), and antenna less than 15m on distance abt 1080km it is very
> difficult in any modes...probably in WOLF is especial...and at the
daytime...
>
> On what greatest distance it was possible to RX in long QRSS such small
> ERP at night?
>
> US's Lowfers have saved wide experience in reception of very weak
> signals on LF - when already they will appear on 136 or 160-190kHz for
> longway 2-way QSO with high-grade ERP?
>
> The first(?) reception of Europe signal in North America on WOLF:
> John W1TAG RX Jim M0BMU at March 9, 2001 at QRB abt 5307km
>
> Whether who has made 2-way QSO on WOLF in Europe?
>
> When (date) Stewart KK7KA has made WOLF mode?
>
> 73! Ed RU6LA  ed@dx.ru  http://136.73.ru
>
>


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Hi Markus all seen here with the loop N-S (!!) though DJ2LF is very weak. I
think I caught a dash from peter close to your dash freq earlier. I am
afraid conditions may be going down now as we have had a couple of days with
Kp=5 which will start to affect condx for the next few days. Hopefully we
will avoid it tonight but Laurence does see the effects ealier than we do at
lower latitudes
Good Luck all, Cheers de Alan G3NYK
alan.melia@btinternet.com

----- Original Message -----
From: <MarkusVester@aol.com>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: 03 January 2004 23:49
Subject: LF: TA beaconing Sat/Sun 23:20


Hi LF group,

at 23:20 UT, the following stations were seen on air:

135923.45/.55 CT1DRP dfcw 60s  ~-3dBľV/m
135922.50/.70  DK1IS dfcw 150s  36dBľV/m
135922.2/.3  DF6NM dfcw 60+20s (starting 23:40, 0.1Hz lower than yesterday)
135921.93  PA0SE qrss 120s  ~13dBľV/m
135921.52  SM6BHZ qrss 60s  18dBľV/m
135920.86 DJ8WX qrss 30s  ~10dBľV/m
135919.75 DJ2LF qrss 60s  42dBľV/m

Happy watching!

73 de Markus, DF6NM





----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----







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Dick wrote:

> VFO worked perfect but the 10-diveder just wouldn't work!!!!
> I spend hours and hours to get it running, tried several different IC's
> (I expected speed problems etc) all with no result.........
> 1.37MHz in ......NOTHING out................


Have you checked the waveform produced by the oscillator ?
With 4000 series CMOS you need almost rail-to-rail driving
signals. May be a 74HCT... would have been more suitable.

73  Alberto  I2PHD





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captbrian wrote:

>Franks interesting bit about reception in NC refers to 770khz - a long way
>from 136 - which in turn is a long way from the  navy/submarine freqs.
>(anyone know what the navy freqs. are ? )
>
>  
>
 From the site of Renato Romero  ( 
http://www.vlf.it/submarine/sbmarine.html ) :
----
Signals directed to atomic submarines in immersion. USA and Russia 
transmit in the ELF band generating
a slow binary code. Frequencies are 76 Hz for the U.S. system and 82 Hz 
in the Russian system; the E.R.P.
(Effective Radiated Power) is small, probably a few Watts, but signals 
are receivable around the world.
----

Note : they are 76 and 82 Hertz, not kilohertz...

73  Alberto  I2PHD





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Dave Brown wrote:

>Just a 'heads-up' for those interested in the topic of GPS DOs-(Disciplined
>Oscillators)
> as so far there hasn't been much publicity about this avenue of
>attack-other than in the EME crowd.
>
>http://gref.cfn.ist.utl.pt/cupido/reflock.html
>
>  
>
I had seen in the past those pages, and they are quite interesting indeed.
 From my purely personal perspective however, I find myself much more at 
my ease in
programming i.e. an AVR AT90S4433 or a PIC than an ALTERA device 
EPM3064ATC44-4,
but I am sure for someone else the contrary is true.

73  Alberto  I2PHD





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Andy talbot wrote:

>I've been doing a lot with GPS recently (for professional purposes, not for 
>play) and currently have access to five different types of GPS module - all low 
>the cost ones.
>

 Andy,
    for a purely timing application (disciplining of an ovenized xtal), 
which brand and
model would you suggest, among the low-cost ones ? I am not interested 
in what comes
out from the serial port, just the jitter and precision of the 1pps 
signal.   TNX.

73  Alberto  I2PHD





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Dear Jim,

  with Windows there are three main interfaces to the sound subsystem, 
two of
them builtin into the opsys itself, and the third produced by a third part.
This latter is called ASIO and is produced  by Steinberg :
http://www.steinberg.net/de/index.php

The two Windows-native are the Windows MultiMedia Extensions (WMME) and
the DirectX, each with its pros and cons.

All my sound card programs use the WMME interface (though I am considering
some porting to the ASIO). So, for an USB sound card to be able to be 
used with
one of my programs what is needed is a driver that presents a WMME interface
to the application layer. As I don't have an USB card, I cannot tell for 
sure if the
accompanying drivers do implement such an interface.
Maybe someone that has e.g. an Creative Audigy/2 card can comment on this.
My feeling is that it should work, as the WMME is used by too many 
programs to
be left unsupported by a sound card, but on the other end  I have learnt 
the hard
way that different persons can (and do) have different perspectives on 
what is or
is not logical... especially when marketing is one of the factors at 
stake   :-(

73  Alberto  I2PHD
---------------------------------------------------------

James Moritz wrote:

>Dear Alberto, LF Group,
>
>Looking at sound cards, I see that external USB modules claiming rather
>good specifications seem to be coming available quite cheaply. Is it
>possible to use these USB soundcards with SDRadio and the other DSP
>programs? Having the sound card in a module external from the PC is
>attractive because it should be easier to isolate the audio input from
>the generally noisy things going on inside the PC case - I find that
>electrical noise from the PC seems  to be the limiting factor on SNR
>with the sound card I use at the moment.
>
>Cheers, Jim Moritz
>73 de M0BMU
>
>
>
>
>
>.
>
>  
>




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Subject: LF: SDRadio Version 0.93 available
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I have just uploaded Version 0.93 of SDRadio to
http://www.sdradio.org

What's new:

1) The FM demodulator has been implemented (thanks Barry Dieser)
2) A fractional delay routine has been implemented to cope with sound cards
  that exhibit a fixed time skew between the left and right channels
3) If the PC has more than one sound card, you can now choose which to use.
4) Minor tune up and bug fixes

Please report malfunctions, errors, etc.

Enjoy

73  Alberto  I2PHD





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Alex Deligiannis wrote:

>Hi
>
>      My new receiver on VLF is the Audigy2. ZS 24 bit/96khz recording with 108
>dB SNR
>frequency response 10 hz to 48 khz very nice toy
>
>73's Alex
>  
>
Very good Alex,
   now you need some software (plug, plug :-)
Have a look at http://www.sdradio.org
Version 0.92 is on the wrapping table, almost ready to be
uploaded.

73  Alberto  I2PHD





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Johan Bodin wrote:

>Gentlemen, you must see this:
>
>http://www.j-walk.com/other/wifispray/
>
>Do you think it will work on LF too? :o)
>
>  
>
Hi Johan,
  I don't know for LF, but that product has been thoroughly tested
with the EH antenna, and malignant insiders report that it is key
to the claimed success of that contraption !

A Peaceful New Year 2004 to everybody

73  Alberto  I2PHD





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Hi

      My new receiver on VLF is the Audigy2. ZS 24 bit/96khz recording with 108
dB SNR
frequency response 10 hz to 48 khz very nice toy

73's Alex

Alberto di Bene wrote:

>     Creative has recently announced a new sound card, with 106 dB S/N ratio,
> 192 kHz stereo sampling, 24 bit resolution. Together with the Pentium CPU
> it could represent a good last IF stage.
> The era of SDR (Software Defined Radio) is approaching...
>
> http://www.soundblaster.com/products/audigy2/
>
> 73  Alberto  I2PHD




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<br>
Hi Ed<br><br>
&quot;6LA&quot; seen a couple of times, best around 03:30, on135922.6Hz
60second dot.<br>
Unfortunately the other characters are broken and fade in and out.&nbsp;
Well done<br>
and many thanks.&nbsp; Argogram available if you want it.<br><br>
No other signals seen on the 20second Argogram.<br><br>
73, Brian CT1DRP<br><br>
<br><br>
At 08:02 18/01/2004, you wrote:<br>
<blockquote type=cite class=cite cite><font face="arial" size=2>Good
morning to All,</font><br>
<font face="arial" size=2>&nbsp;saw yesterday evening /
night:</font><br>
<font face="arial" size=2>OH5UFO,&nbsp;&nbsp; G3YXM,&nbsp;&nbsp; RU6LA
(called him, no response ), DK7FC, DL3FDO, S57A,</font><br>
<font face="arial" size=2>SP5ZCC (called him, but no response ),
F6BWO.</font><br>
<font face="arial" size=2>This morning RU6LA.</font><br>
<font face="arial" size=2>73&nbsp;&nbsp; Walter DJ2LF</font><br>
<font face="arial" size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp; </font></blockquote></body>
<br>
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Many thanks for the information Markus and Jay<br><br>
My &quot;gap&quot; reception is on<br><br>
<a href="http://homepage.esoterica.pt/~brian/ArgoGrab/Argo_grab.htm" eudora="autourl">http://homepage.esoterica.pt/~brian/ArgoGrab/Argo_grab.htm</a><br><br>
Good luck to all, 73, Brian CT1DRP<br><br>
<br><br>
At 00:22 04/01/2004, you wrote:<br>
<blockquote type=cite class=cite cite><font size=2>Dear Jay and
all,<br><br>
I informed Walter DJ2LF of the possible problem, and he decided to move
up to 135921.723, in the middle between PA0SE and SM6BHZ. The list at
00:10 is<br><br>
135923.45/.55&nbsp; CT1DRP dfcw 60s&nbsp; ~-3dBľV/m<br>
135922.50/.70&nbsp; DK1IS dfcw 150s&nbsp; 36dBľV/m<br>
135922.2/.3&nbsp; DF6NM dfcw 60+20s<br>
135921.93&nbsp; PA0SE qrss 120s&nbsp; ~13dBľV/m<br>
135921.73&nbsp; DJ2LF qrss 60s&nbsp; 42dBľV/m<br>
135921.52&nbsp; SM6BHZ&nbsp; qrss 60s&nbsp; 18dBľV/m <br>
135920.86&nbsp; DJ8WX qrss 30s&nbsp; ~10dBľV/m<br><br>
73 de Markus<br><br>
In einer eMail vom 04.01.2004 00:02:03 Westeuropäische Normalzeit
schreibt JRusgrove@comcast.net: <br><br>
<blockquote type=cite class=cite cite>One of the frequencies you listed
135919.76 is pretty close to a loran<br>
line at 135919.732 which is currently visible here. </blockquote><br>
</font></blockquote></body>
<br>
</html>

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References: <001301c3dfbe$cc459b80$6507a8c0@Main> <Pine.OSF.4.56.0401211018010.668@plato.ucs.mun.ca> <000401c3e064$6b151100$0e1686d4@erica>
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Or rather, said to have been heard    ;-)

bryan
----- Original Message -----
From: "g3ldo" <g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: 21 January 2004 21:20
Subject: LF: Re: LF Marconi


>
> Watched an excellent program on BBC2 TV tonight. A dramatic reconstruction
> of the first radio signals across the Atlantic by Marconi and his team.
> Technical details very good - the guys at the transmitting end had cotton
> wool in their ears to protect them from the noise caused by the arcs!
> A lot of problems at the receive end. The kite supporting the antenna was
at
> 500ft and several kites were wreaked before the esential three dots were
> heard.
>
> Peter, G3LDO
>
>
>
>



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Subject: LF: Re: Re: RE: Re: AC feeder...
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Find large lumps of core material and insert in the chokes??

Bryan


----- Original Message -----
From: "Walter Staubach" <walter.staubach@fen-net.de>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: 19 January 2004 18:07
Subject: LF: Re: RE: Re: AC feeder...


And what about tuning the MW-choke with parallel-C to 136KHz?
Walter

-----Ursprüngliche Nachricht-----
Von: Gasparik Richard <Richard.Gasparik@siemens.com>
An: 'rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org' <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Datum: Montag, 19. Januar 2004 18:02
Betreff: LF: RE: Re: AC feeder...


>Yes, this is idea. But there are lights and they can't be switched off
>(there are not fuses, fuser are 500m away on the TX site...hi).
>
>Rich
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From: Alan Melia [mailto:Alan.Melia@btinternet.com]
>Sent: Monday, January 19, 2004 5:01 PM
>To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
>Subject: LF: Re: AC feeder...
>
>
>Hi Rich, it may be right off and impossible ( I am not a BC engineer !! or
a
>power engineer) But would it be possible to put a capacitor in parallel
with
>the light-feed chokes to parallel tune them to nearer 136kHz and increase
>their impedance to that frequency ?? Flames accepted if that is a silly
>idea. !! It would need to be a high voltage rated cap of course.
>
>Cheers de Alan G3NYK
>alan.melia@btinternet.com
>
>----- Original Message -----
>From: "Gasparik Richard" <Richard.Gasparik@siemens.com>
>To: "Rsgb_Lf_Group (E-mail)" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
>Sent: 19 January 2004 15:36
>Subject: LF: AC feeder...
>
>
>> Here is the feeding of AC through the RF line...inside the feeder....very
>> well coupling...
>>
>> Rich OM2TW
>>  <<chokes_2.JPG>>
>>
>
>





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Subject: Re: LF: Re: lf andnoise and offshore.
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Aren't we being a bit imprecise here?

LF sigs are used by submarines submerged because the sea is transparent  at
lower frequencies. If that is so then there is no  (less) reflection at the
surface  the presence of which is detrimental.

Franks interesting bit about reception in NC refers to 770khz - a long way
from 136 - which in turn is a long way from the  navy/submarine freqs.
(anyone know what the navy freqs. are ? )

What works at 770 may not apply at 136. as we know from day/night MW
broadcasts

I have done plenty of amateur  /MM operating from small sail-boats from 10m
to 80 . Making a low resistance connection to the sea is not that simple and
I could waste a lot of the lists time on the subject, but I certainly have
far better results from simple vertical wire antennas than ever on land.

does anyone know  what happens to lf radio waves  transitting the sea/air
interface either from under or above ??

Bryan G3GVB - AC4UA

----- Original Message -----
From: "Frank Gentges" <fgentges@mindspring.com>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: 15 January 2004 01:11
Subject: Re: LF: Re: lf andnoise and offshore.


> Peter,
>
> AMRAD conducted several winter trips to the Outer Banks of North
> Carolina to listen to LF signals in the days before transatlantic
> amateur signals were common.  The Outer Banks are a long narrow strip of
> land several miles offshore from the North Carolina mainland.  We
> observed LF broadcast signals and compared to what we were seeing at
> sites more inland were stronger.  We attributed this signal difference
> to sea gain and would put its value at 10 or more dB in the few cases we
> observed although we did not make careful measurements.
>
> The ITU has put together a model for radio propagation and includes a
> factor for sea gain.  It only works out to be worth a couple of dB in
> the test cases we ran.  I think the ITU model does not recognize the
> amount of sea gain that is available from moving to the sea coast for
> the really best conditions at least below 200 kHz..  I am convinced it
> is there and is significant.
>
> Also the noise was low but we could find quiet sites inland and we just
> could not hear the Transatlantic signals nearly as well inland.
>
> <caution, speculation on> I speculate that the LF waves are combining.
> and adding in phase due to the long wavelength, at the sea water
> interface and traveling in as surface waves stronger than the low angle
> sky waves that created them..  Similar to glints or mirages we see
> optically. <speculation off>   We can hear other surface waves at 770
> kHz on the Outer Banks from New York City duirng the day and night.  We
> cannot hear them much past a mile inland as the land kills the surface
> wave propagation.  While we did not conduct a similar experimant on LF I
> suspect they would also fade down to the sky wave strength if we went
> inland.
>
> Frank K0BRA
>
> Peter van Daalen wrote:
>
> >Sorry,
> >
> >I made a most ennoying typo :
> >
> >I wrote :
> >
> >snip.....
> >"  Does sea again ( if any at all ? ) and low man made and evironment
noise
> >add
> >substantially to the LF performance ? "
> >snip.....
> >
> >
> >While I meant to write :
> >
> >" Does seagain ( if any at all ? )  and etc... add substantially to LF
> >performance  ? "
> >
> >I do know something on sea gain on 144 Mhz ( for /MM EME purpose on
moonrise
> >and moonset ) but I am unaware of the seagain effects on LF.
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
>
>
>
>



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References: <000201c3d2f3$c4fb5f40$61e4fc3e@l8p8y6> <6.0.1.1.2.20031229161651.027e8660@POP3.freeler.nl> <000001c3d009$acf7a620$c7e47f50@Smisan> <6.0.1.1.2.20040103121138.0280f960@POP3.freeler.nl> <000601c3d2c3$2bd34e70$b733f7c2@johnb5a82ea1a4> <6.0.1.1.2.20040104163146.027efbe0@POP3.freeler.nl> <000201c3d2f3$c4fb5f40$61e4fc3e@l8p8y6> <5.1.0.14.0.20040106090928.03a8c2a0@u0019445.kuleuven.be> <5.1.0.14.0.20040106114939.03b15778@u0019445.kuleuven.be> <5.1.0.14.0.20040107110518.03a51aa0@u0019445.kuleuven.be>
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Good looking radio ham would like to meet NZ girl with Gully. Aim friendship
and possibly marriage. Please reply sending photograph   of the Gully.


Bryan
----- Original Message -----
From: "Rik Strobbe" <rik.strobbe@fys.kuleuven.ac.be>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: 07 January 2004 10:08
Subject: Re: LF: Horizontally polarised radiation


> Dave,
>
> Thanks for the info.
> Where did Bruce order the gully ? I'm interested in one to enhance my LF
> signal.
>
> 73, Rik ON7YD
>
>
> At 21:55 7/01/2004 +1300, you wrote:
> >Rik
> >The ZL1WB LF antenna is strung across a gully and has between 300 and 600
> >feet ground clearance. Support to support distance is around 1km but
there
> >is quite a bit of sag, as you might expect-hence the ~3500 foot wire
length.
> >(sorry for mixing units-it's probably a sign of age!) It's fed at one end
> >against ground and Bruce typically uses 40 watts or so of RF-he has a
very
> >good LF signal around ZL, as you might expect.
> >73
> >  Dave, ZL3FJ
> >
> >----- Original Message -----
> >From: "Rik Strobbe" <rik.strobbe@fys.kuleuven.ac.be>
> >To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
> >Sent: Tuesday, January 06, 2004 11:51 PM
> >Subject: Re: LF: Horizontally polarised radiation
> >
> >
> > > Hello Dave,
> > >
> > > Quite impressive.
> > > Can you give us a clue about the dimensions ?
> > > Ever thought of making a triangular shaped loop ?
> > >
> > > 73, Rik  ON7YD
> > >
> > > At 23:29 6/01/2004 +1300, you wrote:
> > > >Have a look at the URL below to see a semi-decent horizontal LF
> >ntenna  -
> > > >that of Bruce, ZL1WB. Whatever its predominant radiating mode is, it
> >works
> > > >rather well!
> > > >
> > > >73,
> > > >ZL3FJ
> > > >
> > > > http://homepages.ihug.co.nz/~tractorb/ZL1WB%20LF%20ANTENNA.jpg
> > >
> > >
> > >
>
>
>



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Are there any CW beacons to listen for [ as opposed to looking  for at qrss]

Bryan


----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Dexter McIntyre W4DEX" <dmcintyre@att.net>
To: "RSGB LF" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: 06 January 2004 14:00
Subject: LF: TA report 2004.01.06


> Two TA signals seen here overnight, CT1DRP and G3LDO.  Brian's signal
> was blurred, at first I though by noise.  But when Peter's signal was
> there it was clear.  We seen this blurring on Argo displayed MF and HF
> signals which is thought to be multipath.  Comments?
> 
> Captures posted at:
> 
> http://w4dex.com/argo/135khz/06jan04/
> 
> Dex, w4dex
> 
> 
> 


From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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The DDDR is simply a quarter-wave grounded vertical with its major part bent
over into a horizontal loop. The fact that it is looped back on itself is
intended to have some self-cancelling effect on the radiation from the
horizontal part. By design  most radiation is from the short vertical part
so radiation resistance is low and it has gamma matching for feeding from
50 ohm coax.

Nothing magic about it but its usual proportions for HF are still impossible
for amateur 136 . (how would one keep the loop up ? )

Bryan g3gvb


----- Original Message -----
From: "hamilton mal" <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: 06 January 2004 13:25
Subject: Re: LF: Horizontally polarised radiation



  ----- Original Message -----
  From: Rik Strobbe
  To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
  Sent: Tuesday, January 06, 2004 8:16 AM
  Subject: Re: LF: Horizontally polarised radiation


  Hello group,

  It is an "idée fixe" that a horizontal wire must radiate a horizontal
polarized EM-wave.
  A nice example of a mechanical horizontal construction that radiates a
vertical polarized signal is the DDRR antenna.
  So a large horizontal topload close to ground will in most cases improve
the antenna efficiency (reduce the loss resistance ... footprint theory) but
the radiated signal will be nevertheless mainly vertical polarized.

  73, Rik  ON7YD

  At 17:47 5/01/2004 +0100, you wrote:

  Rik
  I agree with your observations. Some are being misled by computer
modelling and antenna theory not applicable to the type of small LF antennas
used by radio amateurs.
  73 de Mal/G3KEV
















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Then the simulation must surely be wrong.!
 I spent a long time reading a  160/80 m antenna book by ON4 ??  before
realising that the performance of various antenna configurations confidently
reported as  if they actually existed, were in fact only the result of
computer simulations.

We must beware of believing implicitly the result of a computer-simulated
result which flies in the face of all reason.

That you can get vertically radiated horizontally polarised radiation for
_nothing_ using the simulation program has to tell you something about its
limitations .

Both the book and the programs are very  good indicators but not _absolute
truths_

Bryan G3GVB


----- Original Message -----
From: "Dick Rollema" <d.w.rollema@freeler.nl>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: 03 January 2004 11:30
Subject: RE: LF: Re: "T" versus "L"aerial
>

>
> Bu the point raised by Bob, ZL2CA, was that the current in the single wire
> topload  of the "L" would generate a horizontally polarised field. In the
> "T" the currents  in the two topload wires flow in opposite directions so
> the horizontally polarised fields caused by these currents would at least
> partially cancel each other.


> The horizontally polarised field is radiated as a sky wave and the power
in
> it detracts from that in the vertically polarised field of the ground
wave.
> If the above reasoning were correct it could be expected that the "T"
would
> produce a stronger ground wave than the "L" because less power disappears
> in the horizontally polarised sky wave.


> ****The simulation has shown that this is not the case.****
>



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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If two 20m  wires are better than one 40m  one for the same total lenght of
wire , Does this mean that four horizontal legs of 10 m would be even better
? and so eight of 5m or sixteen of only 2.5m better still ?

How about

64 X 625mm ? or......

just a disc of foil 1000mm dia.?

Perhaps there is an optimum number of horizontal wires?
If just a 1000mm disc then why not have one at the bottom instead of earth?

Why does the name Hateley come to mind ? ;-)

Bryan
Bryan G3GVB

----- Original Message -----
From: "M. Sanders" <misan@xs4all.nl>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: 01 January 2004 01:50
Subject: RE: LF: Re: "T" versus "L"aerial


> Dear Dick / Bob and Lofers,
>
> Does the computer calculate the earth losses in the return path from the
> aerial system to the transmitter? If it would then the earth losses in a
> T should have been significantly less then the L alternative. There are
> two separate return currents
> (parallel resistance) and each with a smaler physical length (lower
> R-earth)  in a T system resulting in more ERP if compared to an L
> system.
>
> Greetings and best wishes for a (LF) radio-active 2004 to All.
>
> Mike, PC4M (ex PA3BSH)
>
> -----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
> Van: owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
> [mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org] Namens Dick Rollema
> Verzonden: maandag 29 december 2003 16:37
> Aan: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
> Onderwerp: Re: LF: Re: "T" versus "L"aerial
>
> To All from PA0SE
>
> Bob, ZL2AC wrote:
>
>
>
>
> Dick PA0SE,
>
> Fine on the test result.  As you stated, the tested T has twice the
> amount of top loading wire (2x 20 metres) than the L (1x 20 metres).
>
> It would be interesting to know if a T is better than an L for constant
> length top loading i.e. what the difference is if the upwire joins at
> the end or the middle of the horizontal top wire (theory suggests the T
> is better as there is minimal horizontally polarised component).
>
> Bob,  I cannot answer your question by a practical experiment but used
> computer simulation instead by means of K6STI's program Antenna
> Optimizer.
>
> I modeled two antennas with a vertical element of 20m.  One an Inverted
> L-antenna with a horizontal top load wire of 40m. The other a T-antenna
> with a top load of 2 x 20m.
> Both antennas  without losses, over perfect ground and fed with 1kW.
>
> At a distance of 10km (so well outside the near field region) and over
> perfect ground both antennas produced a vertically polarised field of
> 29.9mV/m. The horizontally polarised field was zero; but this is to be
> expected because over a perfect conducting ground a horizontal field
> component cannot exist.
>
> 73, Dick, PA0SE
>
> Original message:
>
>
>
> To: LF-Group <mailto:rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
> Sent: Sunday, December 28, 2003 3:09 AM
> Subject: LF: "T" versus "L"aerial
> To All from PA0SE
> Further to my e-mail of 26 December I measured the field strength as
> radiated by the aerial in
> Inverted L-configuration. From this I found EMRP = 57 milliwatt.
> This confirms the benificial effect of top loading. The T-aerial
> radiated 140 milliwatt.
> So going from a single 20m top load wire for the "L" to 2 x 20m for the
> "T" resulted in an improvement by a factor 2.46 (3.9dB) in radiated
> power.
> The vertical part of the "T" consisted of an open wire feedline of 11m
> with the two wires connected in parallel in the attic shack. For the "L"
> one of the feedline wires was removed. I assume this did not appreciably
> affect the EMRP.
> 73, Dick, PA0SE
>


From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Dave Brown" <tractorb@ihug.co.nz>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <01C3D92A.2561B500.g4jnt@thersgb.net> <4002E5A0.7010902@usa.net>
Date: Tue, 13 Jan 2004 08:21:12 +1300
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Just a 'heads-up' for those interested in the topic of GPS DOs-(Disciplined
Oscillators)
 as so far there hasn't been much publicity about this avenue of
attack-other than in the EME crowd.

http://gref.cfn.ist.utl.pt/cupido/reflock.html

73
Dave, ZL3FJ

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Alberto di Bene" <dibene@usa.net>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Tuesday, January 13, 2004 7:21 AM
Subject: LF: Timing GPS


> Andy talbot wrote:
>
> >I've been doing a lot with GPS recently (for professional purposes, not
for
> >play) and currently have access to five different types of GPS module -
all low
> >the cost ones.
> >
>
>  Andy,
>     for a purely timing application (disciplining of an ovenized xtal),
> which brand and
> model would you suggest, among the low-cost ones ? I am not interested
> in what comes
> out from the serial port, just the jitter and precision of the 1pps
> signal.   TNX.
>
> 73  Alberto  I2PHD
>
>
>
>
>



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Dave Brown" <tractorb@ihug.co.nz>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Cc: "Bruce ZL1WB Rowlings" <bruzl@xtra.co.nz>
References: <000201c3d2f3$c4fb5f40$61e4fc3e@l8p8y6> <6.0.1.1.2.20031229161651.027e8660@POP3.freeler.nl> <000001c3d009$acf7a620$c7e47f50@Smisan> <6.0.1.1.2.20040103121138.0280f960@POP3.freeler.nl> <000601c3d2c3$2bd34e70$b733f7c2@johnb5a82ea1a4> <6.0.1.1.2.20040104163146.027efbe0@POP3.freeler.nl> <000201c3d2f3$c4fb5f40$61e4fc3e@l8p8y6> <5.1.0.14.0.20040106090928.03a8c2a0@u0019445.kuleuven.be> <5.1.0.14.0.20040106114939.03b15778@u0019445.kuleuven.be> <5.1.0.14.0.20040107110518.03a51aa0@u0019445.kuleuven.be> <000f01c3d50a$86427f40$2dc428c3@captbrian>
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Too late-all the good looking ones are spoken for!!(or too far out of town)
Dave
ZL3FJ
(begin stage whisper) "Bruce- Go get all those other good looking gullys
quick- we should be able to make a killing on Ebay with 'em." (end stage
whisper)


----- Original Message ----- 
From: "captbrian" <captbrian@ukonline.co.uk>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Wednesday, January 07, 2004 11:39 PM
Subject: Re: LF: Horizontally polarised radiation


> Good looking radio ham would like to meet NZ girl with Gully. Aim
friendship
> and possibly marriage. Please reply sending photograph   of the Gully.
>
>
> Bryan
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Rik Strobbe" <rik.strobbe@fys.kuleuven.ac.be>
> To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
> Sent: 07 January 2004 10:08
> Subject: Re: LF: Horizontally polarised radiation
>
>
> > Dave,
> >
> > Thanks for the info.
> > Where did Bruce order the gully ? I'm interested in one to enhance my LF
> > signal.
> >
> > 73, Rik ON7YD



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Dave Brown" <tractorb@ihug.co.nz>
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References: <000201c3d2f3$c4fb5f40$61e4fc3e@l8p8y6> <6.0.1.1.2.20031229161651.027e8660@POP3.freeler.nl> <000001c3d009$acf7a620$c7e47f50@Smisan> <6.0.1.1.2.20040103121138.0280f960@POP3.freeler.nl> <000601c3d2c3$2bd34e70$b733f7c2@johnb5a82ea1a4> <6.0.1.1.2.20040104163146.027efbe0@POP3.freeler.nl> <000201c3d2f3$c4fb5f40$61e4fc3e@l8p8y6> <5.1.0.14.0.20040106090928.03a8c2a0@u0019445.kuleuven.be> <5.1.0.14.0.20040106114939.03b15778@u0019445.kuleuven.be>
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Rik
The ZL1WB LF antenna is strung across a gully and has between 300 and 600
feet ground clearance. Support to support distance is around 1km but there
is quite a bit of sag, as you might expect-hence the ~3500 foot wire length.
(sorry for mixing units-it's probably a sign of age!) It's fed at one end
against ground and Bruce typically uses 40 watts or so of RF-he has a very
good LF signal around ZL, as you might expect.
73
 Dave, ZL3FJ

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Rik Strobbe" <rik.strobbe@fys.kuleuven.ac.be>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Tuesday, January 06, 2004 11:51 PM
Subject: Re: LF: Horizontally polarised radiation


> Hello Dave,
>
> Quite impressive.
> Can you give us a clue about the dimensions ?
> Ever thought of making a triangular shaped loop ?
>
> 73, Rik  ON7YD
>
> At 23:29 6/01/2004 +1300, you wrote:
> >Have a look at the URL below to see a semi-decent horizontal LF
ntenna  -
> >that of Bruce, ZL1WB. Whatever its predominant radiating mode is, it
works
> >rather well!
> >
> >73,
> >ZL3FJ
> >
> > http://homepages.ihug.co.nz/~tractorb/ZL1WB%20LF%20ANTENNA.jpg
>
>
>



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Cc: "Bruce ZL1WB Rowlings" <bruzl@xtra.co.nz>
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Have a look at the URL below to see a semi-decent horizontal LF antenna  -
that of Bruce, ZL1WB. Whatever its predominant radiating mode is, it works
rather well!

73,
ZL3FJ

http://homepages.ihug.co.nz/~tractorb/ZL1WB%20LF%20ANTENNA.jpg





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Uwe

I had the same problem with QRSS and have decreased the capacitor to 2.2nF.
This still keeps the worst spikes under control when the PA is properly
loaded and has proved reliable.
It all depends on the construction of your output transformer of course.

73
Dave G3YXM.

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "jannsen" <0482183881-0001@t-online.de>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Friday, January 30, 2004 4:36 PM
Subject: LF: Zobel


> Hi Dave/G3YXM and group,
>
> the Zobel Network 22 Ohm / 4,7nF in my G3YXM PA gets very hot if driving
> the PA in 1kW mode; much hotter than the toroid T2 (output
transformer)gets.
> I changed the five Watt resistor with a  20 Watt, it gets hot too; with
the
> cooling fan off the resistor desolders itself.
>
> I think that`s a good sign of the correct dimension: 22 Ohm / 4,7nF means
> the open reactive load (T2 and surroundings) oscillates at calculated
> 1,539MHz; measured 1,776MHz.
>
> But what a heavy loss!
>
> My question:
> Is there no other possibility eliminating the instability of that output
> system ?
>
> Regards
> Uwe / dj8wx
>
>
>




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From: "Dave Pick" <dave@picks.force9.co.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <005401c3e2ad$3d2d3ba0$6507a8c0@Main> <Pine.OSF.4.56.0401251406200.12977@plato.ucs.mun.ca>
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I doubt whether we'll see anything tonight... the screen looks devoid of any
Loran lines, usually a bad sign and topband has collapsed completely. What's
going on Alan?
The grabber is on just in case.

Dave G3YXM


----- Original Message ----- 


> Dear LF Group,
>
> After trudging up the hill with snow shoes and my axe,
> convincing three trees to relinqish one of the 100 metre
> wires comprising my LF aerial and reconnecting everything,
> the aerial is back to its orginal form.
>
> Despite the poor conditions, the sigs were received well at
> Brian's CT1DRP grabber this morning around 0700UTC.
>
> The TX will be on again tonight/tomorrow morning on 137.777 kHz
> QRSS30.
>
> On another note, one should avoid aerial work during blizzards.
> This morning, I found the experience quite electrifying as
> a result of precip. static using me as an earth connection.
>
> Joe VO1NA
>
>




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Dave Pick" <dave@picks.force9.co.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <C75A388845B4B54B9CF5E2ADB589B0E3031AEFE6@btss.siemens-pse.sk> <1074543877.400c3d051a334@webmail2.kuleuven.be> <00a901c3ded7$9c359cc0$2102000a@ibm> <003e01c3dee6$1f03e860$6507a8c0@Main>
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Or even this:

http://international1.farnell.com/NL/Welcome/welcome-frame-unregistered.jhtml


Type TC4426 into the search box and there are three options two surface
mount and one DIL at ?3,17

Dave
G3YXM.


----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Alan Melia" <Alan.Melia@btinternet.com>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Monday, January 19, 2004 11:44 PM
Subject: LF: Re: Where to get TC44... and MUR1660??


> Have you tried this one Dick.
> http://www.xs4all.nl/~barendh/Indexeng.htm
> Cheers de Alan G3NYK
> alan.melia@btinternet.com
>
> ----- Original Message ----- 
> From: "Dick" <knaap159@zonnet.nl>
> To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
> Sent: 19 January 2004 21:59
> Subject: LF: Where to get TC44... and MUR1660??
>
>
> > Hello all,
> >
> > I am wondering where I can get (one of) the following components:
> >
> > TC4421
> > TC4422
> > TC4426
> > MUR1660CT
> >
> > A google search didn't deliver a resonable result.
> > I am looking for a store/firm in Holland or Germany, as this is
> > the easiest way in case of ordering/paying.
> >
> > Any suggestions??
> >
> > Meanwhile I started to build the first part for my 136kHz station:
> > the 1370kHz VFO..........
> > The rest will be a lot of bits and pieces from various designs, likely
> > resulting in a QRPP transmitter capable of producing 100Watt or so.
> >
> > 73
> >
> > Dick, PA4VHF (JO32eh)
> >
> >
> >
>
>
>




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----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Marek SQ5BPM" <sq5bpm@wp.pl>
.
>
> Yesterday I've been calling CQ many times during the evening using both
QRSS
> 3s (137.715) and CW (136.700), only worked DL3FDO on QRSS in the end,

Marek.

Sorry I missed you, I did manage to work S57A, but the band didn't go quiet
of QRM until about 2300 and then there seemed to be nobody on!
I will keep looking on 137.7 to 137.75 and call if I see you.

73
Dave
G3YXM




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To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <007a01c3d870$20dd0bc0$0500a8c0@charter.net> <304614133.20040112111754@dx.ru> <002801c3d90b$b41134c0$0500a8c0@charter.net>
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John.

How does this compare with the reuslts on QRSS60 which would probably have
taken a similar time?

Dave G3YXM.

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "John Andrews" <w1tag@charter.net>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Monday, January 12, 2004 12:57 PM
Subject: LF: Re: Re: First WOLF QSO!


> Ed,
>
> > US's Lowfers have saved wide experience in reception of very weak
> > signals on LF - when already they will appear on 136 or 160-190kHz for
> > longway 2-way QSO with high-grade ERP?
>
> The proposal for an amateur band was turned down in May, 2003. It would be
> years before we could have another chance. There are already some
> experimental (non-amateur) licenses in that range, and hopefully more will
> be coming.
>
> > Whether who has made 2-way QSO on WOLF in Europe?
>
> I do not think that anyone else has done a 2-way QSO. The earlier activity
> has all been with beacons.
>
> > When (date) Stewart KK7KA has made WOLF mode?
>
> Early in 2001, I think. K0LR was transmitting in February, 2001, and he
was
> the first in the U.S.
>
> John Andrews, W1TAG
>
>
>
>




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References: <000501c3d6ff$f059b000$1f00a8c0@dellboy> <000c01c3d701$fae72fa0$0500a8c0@charter.net> <000c01c3d704$a9ef9e40$1f00a8c0@dellboy> <001701c3d707$bb340f80$0500a8c0@charter.net>
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Not looking good so far is it?

A couple of others have joined see: http://www.wireless.org.uk/grab/ but
there's nothing showing on John or Dex's Argo screens.
I'll leave it on.
Goodnight.

Dave
G3YXM.

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "John Andrews" <w1tag@charter.net>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Friday, January 09, 2004 11:24 PM
Subject: LF: Re: Re: Re: TA tonight on 136


> Dave,
>
> Thanks for the info. Captures will be posted every 15 minutes at:
> http://webpages.charter.net/w1tag/135-1.jpg
>
> John Andrews
>
>
>




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OK John.

There are three stations active, me on .9233 sending "YXM"
One on .9222 and one on .9218 both sending full calls (I think)

These are relative measurements, I don't claim sub-Hz accuracy but we seemed
to agree last night....

Cheers

Dave
G3YXM

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "John Andrews" <w1tag@charter.net>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Friday, January 09, 2004 10:43 PM
Subject: LF: Re: T/A tonight on 136


> Dave,
>
> > Is anyone over there watching tonight, and if so, what do conditions
look
> > like?
>
> I will be watching 135.919 - 135.925 starting at 2300. Argo 30 second slow
> screen.
>
> John Andrews
>
>
>
>




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From: "Dave Pick" <dave@picks.force9.co.uk>
To: "LF Group" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Date: Fri, 9 Jan 2004 22:28:42 -0000
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Subject: LF: T/A tonight on 136
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Is anyone over there watching tonight, and if so, what do conditions look
like?
There are two Eu stations sending around 922 and I did try a QRO test on 923
and saw nothing back on Dex's live grab. It's early yet though!

Dave
G3YXM.




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Dave Pick" <dave@picks.force9.co.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <3FFDD87C.F0EF0309@att.net> <3FFDDE47.C1107691@att.net> <006901c3d641$b90d70f0$1f00a8c0@dellboy> <005f01c3d659$8a589380$0500a8c0@charter.net> <000d01c3d689$77e9a3d0$1f00a8c0@dellboy> <000401c3d6a9$073c1120$0500a8c0@charter.net>
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Subject: Re: LF: 183 kHz BC Q5 in NC at sunset!
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John.

Thanks for those, quite unambiguous, and my frequency calibration seems to
agree with yours!
There was someone on 922 at midnight but they went off and I didn't see
anything from this side overnight in the gaps in my transmission.
At that power level the TX is in no danger of meltdown so I can put it on
any night that people are listening (looking?).
Given that one of the big guns would probably have 15dB advantage on that
signal it might be worth monitoring reception until a peak is seen then
trying a CW call? Means staying up all night though!

73
Dave
G3YXM.

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "John Andrews" <w1tag@charter.net>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Friday, January 09, 2004 12:06 PM
Subject: Re: LF: 183 kHz BC Q5 in NC at sunset!


> Dave,
>
> As it turned out, there were only two peaks that permitted any copy.
> Unfortunately, I goofed and didn't capture all of the first peak. It did
> show part of the "Y" and the complete "XM." Here is the section that WAS
> saved:
> http://webpages.charter.net/w1tag/files/YXM1.jpg
>
> A later capture on a 60 second screen again has the "XM":
> http://webpages.charter.net/w1tag/files/YXM2.jpg
>
> This qualifies for nothing, but is interesting to illustrate the duration
of
> the peaks. No other signals were seen, though it looked like something was
> happening on 135923.0 several times.
>
> John Andrews, W1TAG
>
>
>
>




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Subject: Re: LF: 183 kHz BC Q5 in NC at sunset!
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John.

I'd be interested to see that ( I was asleep so didn't se it live). The DC
input to the PA is only 250W so QRSS10 would certainly have been possible at
full power.
I did move down to 920 to avoid Dex's Loran line.

Dave.


----- Original Message ----- 
From: "John Andrews" <w1tag@charter.net>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Friday, January 09, 2004 2:37 AM
Subject: Re: LF: 183 kHz BC Q5 in NC at sunset!


> I got the end of the "Y," followed by a clear "XM" on 135.920 ending
around
> 0130. The signal then faded, and I had a half-hour of elevated local
noise.
> As of 0230, I can see a faint trace on 135.920, but nothing identifiable.
> Will leave the captures running overnight. The screen is set for 60 second
> dots, and covers 135.919 to 135.922. Early risers might want to give it a
> try. Captures at:
> http://webpages.charter.net/w1tag/135-1.jpg
>
> John Andrews, W1TAG
>
>
>
>




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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I'll radiate a test tonight on 135.921 (ish) dot 60 if things look hopeful.
about -10dbW 
It's on now.
The grabber is on too. http://www.wireless.org.uk/grab/ 

73
Dave 
G3YXM

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Dexter McIntyre W4DEX" <dmcintyre@att.net>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>; "lowfer" <lowfer@mailman.qth.net>
Sent: Thursday, January 08, 2004 10:48 PM
Subject: Re: LF: 183 kHz BC Q5 in NC at sunset!


> Also 153, 162 and 177 kHz Q5 now at 2248 UT.
> 
> 
> 
> > Good signal on 183 kHz BC here in NC at sunset.
> >
> > Dex
> 
> 
> 



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Dick" <knaap159@zonnet.nl>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <6.0.1.1.2.20040129133740.036bcc40@POP3.freeler.nl> <Pine.OSF.4.56.0401300830590.18011@plato.ucs.mun.ca> <6.0.1.1.2.20040130133028.02f11dc0@POP3.freeler.nl> <001801c3e80d$73b88fc0$e1e9fc3e@l8p8y6>
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Subject: LF: Schematics powersupplies 50-100Volt wanted
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" http-equiv=Content-Type>
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<BODY bgColor=#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hello all,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>after 2 days of searching the internet and a lot of 
magazines here,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I still haven't found any (simple) design for a 
powersupply in the 50-100V range.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I want to run something with an fixed voltage 
between 50 to 100 Volt, depending</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>on what transformer configuration I'm 
using.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>However, I want to have some sort of automatic 
protection circuit against</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>to high currents that switch of the supply when 
current gets to high.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Yeah, I know, a normal fuse will work, but I do not 
want to spend a bag off</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>fuses while experimenting.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>It will be a unit that requires an input of 50-100V 
AC, giving a fixed DC value out.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>(that gives me the possibility to use various 
transformers)</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>So, any hints suggestions or maybe website's will 
be welcome.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Dick, pa4vhf</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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Subject: LF: What NTC to use with an transformer
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Hello all,

I am starting with an powersupply in order to have something to feed an amp.
I have some nice transformers here, one of them being 50V/1000VA.
To limit the current when switching on such a large powersupply,
I'm thinking of using an NTC in the primaire part.
Question however is, what value should I take??????
Their nominal value seems to be given at 25 degrees C.
I'm thinking of 1Ohm, and an Imax of 9 Amp.
Will that be good enough??????

Dick, pa4vhf



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Subject: LF: my 137kHz project...a little more signal now........
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Well,

I managed to get a nice 12Vtt square wave on 137kHz + all harmonics,
and used this to drive a single IRF530, just to see what happens.

Had to use a resistor to crank down the current, as my powersupply
couldn't handle it............

At least some interesting things happend......the filter coil get's
warm.....
well, I am not surprised as it is an T106-26 coil from a computer power
supply.
Also the 3mH coil in the DC-input line makes some nice noises........

All at 7V drainvoltage, and 1 Amp draincurrent.
Measured 30Vtt sinus over an 47Ohm resistor,
and around +30dBm, or 1 Watt over this same resistor.

Far from ideal, I know, but just want to get some experience and do some
tests starting with this very simple inefficient circuit.
I am sure I'll get more power in the future when using other types of
amplifiers.
I think the 12V squarewave unit can drive a lot of other stuff, like
multiple
FET's via transformers etc.

Now first need to build an bigger powersupply, a dummyload, and of course
al the coilstuff for the antenna............

A 100V/10A power supply will be the next to go for.........
Transformer is already there...............

Dick, pa4vhf





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Subject: LF: Thanks for usefull info!
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hello, and once again thanks for the usefull info 
given by some of you.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Johan for his references to other MOSFET drivers, 
Alan and recently <BR>James about the re-use of old line-ouput 
cores.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Old computer equipement seems to be a good and 
cheep source</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>for LF-components.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>In fact, I already dismanteld several monitors 
recently.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I often find <STRONG>green/yellow </STRONG>cores; 
wonder what type this is?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>The white/yellow are type -26 I 
think.........</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Dick, pa4vhf</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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Subject: LF: interesting sites for LF too......
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hello ,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>For those who didn't know...there is a community 
also working on frequencies</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>around 136kHz.............</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I don't know how I found them, but must have been 
during one of my (google) searches around</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>the net for 136kHz.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Just look for the subject "Solid State Tesla 
Coil".</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>These guys using also switched mode powerfet 
amplifiers, but instead of</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>putting the energy to an large coil and antenna, 
they put it into an so called</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>"Tesla Coil"in order to produce nice large 
flash-overs, with sparks upto 3 meters..........</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Some nice designs looking very much the same as the 
ones we're using.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Two of the site's I found:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><A 
href="http://www.richieburnett.co.uk/sstate.html">http://www.richieburnett.co.uk/sstate.html</A></FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><A 
href="http://www.spacecatlighting.com">http://www.spacecatlighting.com</A></FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>So if you are not able to put up an antenna, you 
can use your amplifier to</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>make 'portable thunderstorms', hihi.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Dick, pa4vhf</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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Subject: LF: my 137 kHz project......
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<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Well, despite first negative results I now seems to 
get some positive results.........</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Thanks to all here for the&nbsp; "physical support" 
, it keeps me involved.........</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>For Mal, and others,...I just first want to get my 
costs as low as possible by using</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>things I have in my junkbox.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I soon expect to get a number of old (defect) 
SMPS-computer power supplies, which</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>at least contains an T106-26 core as well as an 
larger transformer.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Not sure about the FET's in these supplies, but 
when having several in my junkbox</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>it will be not a big problem when loosing some of 
them.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Meanwhile I also dismanteld some old computer 
monitors, which seem to be a nice</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>source for various components too. (some 
high-voltage/low loss capacitors. as well!!)</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Meanwhile I ad an 7805 regulator to my circuit; 
lowering the ouput level to +7dBm.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I'm keying the 4060 on pin 12 , and that seems to 
work well.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Next will be the TDA2030 amp. Rich, OM2TW advised 
an high permeability core in</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>the step up transformer &gt;2000.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I will test some core's......got a grey one, might 
be an 3C90 or what ever, no idea.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I just give it a try............</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I am luck to have some nice transformers available; 
one of them is a 42V/20A device...........</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>With the start on LF, a lot of 'related to' work 
has to be done, like constructing special</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>measuring equipement, power supply, dummy load 
etc.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I do have a quite large and various amount of PVC 
pipe's (left-overs!) some of them being</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>20-30cm in diameter.....great stuff for large 
coils!</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Well, now I'm returning to the soldering iron, and 
hopefully will rise my power above 1 Watt (hihi)</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Dick pa4vhf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (now 
QRppppppppppp on 137kHz in a 50 Ohm resistor..........)</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

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Subject: LF: more on my 'nasty'136kHz project.............
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hello all,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>yeah, well, once being amateur, means mostly always 
an ham, hihi.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>and that means...............exact........I just 
can't give up.............</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>so, had an closer look at the 'remains' 
sofar..........</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I haven't checked the waveform as Angelo suggested, 
but it might well be a</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>possible trouble source involved.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Maybe with help of the 136-community around here I 
might be able to solve</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>the problems and become QRV with a decent 
signal.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Well, here is what I've done sofar:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I am using an 4049 as an oscillator, with some of 
it's ports used as buffer.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I'm using a little lowpass filter behind the VFO, 
and the ouput is somewhere</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>around -5 to 0 dBm.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I rebuild (yes, I did.........) the divided 
circuit, first another lowpass filter so, now</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>having a fairly 'clear' 2192kHz available. (second 
harmonic more then 60dB down)</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>This around -5dBm signal goes into pin 11 of an 
74HCT4060.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>(I put an 10M resistor between pin 10 and 
11)</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Pin 12 and 8 are grounded; Vcc on pin 
16.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>It draws 30mA (!) at 12V so, I now put a 150 Ohm 
resistor between pin16 and the 12V supply,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>in order to limit the current.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Of course I put the usual capacitor to ground at 
pin 16. (330nF)</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I get +17dBm out on 137kHz now.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>There are a lot of harmonics in the (unfiltered) 
output; especially the 3f, 5f, 7f etc.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>So, at least I am producing a signal on 137kHz (and 
maaaaaaaaaaaany other freqs) now.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>At this point I am not sure what to 
do.....filtering or not??</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I suppose I get these harmonics again in later 
(driver) stages so, maybe better to</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>do it at the end..........</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>How to key is the next question.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I want to leave the VFO on all the time for better 
stability.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>The 4060 will be switched off in RX situation, to 
aviod having a signal on 137kHz,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>and in my receiver blocking the 
RX..........</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I did some tests with the keying circuit used by 
OM2TW and DF3LP/DJ1ZB in their designs</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>using 2 stages with BC549, from which the first one 
is switched in its emitter.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>However, this did not work fine.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I was able to key, but the output level was much 
lower then it's input, and the level of</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>harmonics etc where worse, compaired to the input 
signal of the circuit.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I do have some TDA2030's and my plan is to use the 
OM2TW design in order to get</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>5Watt or so, driving the 
rest...........</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I do have some core's that might be usuable.I 
ordered defect computer SMPS powersupply's</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>in order to get some 
junk-components.............</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>One of the core's is likely an T106-26, and I do 
have a pair of T50-18's as well.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Wonder if the last ones can be used for the step-up 
transformer in OM2TW's design......</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Well, now having some sleep....looking foreward to 
see some comments tips...</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>By the way, I still have 2 stacked beverages of 
400m length, pointing towards USA up........</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Maybe find some time next weekend to listen on 
137kHz with it.....</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73 Dick, pa4vhf (desperate trying to get on 137kHz, 
hihi)</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

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Subject: LF: 136kHz project cancelled
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hello all,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Sorry to say but for the moment I decided to stop 
my building</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>activeties for the 136kHz transmitter.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Right from the start I faced only problems in 
getting things</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>working, and I just do not have the time to spend 
days on</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>testing, trying doing things over and over and in 
another way etc.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>To give you some examples from problems I ran 
into:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>No suitable X-tals to build VXO 's or something 
with an divider, so I decided</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>to build an VFO on 1.37MHz followed by an 4017 to 
divide by 10.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>VFO worked perfect but the 10-diveder just wouldn't 
work!!!!</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I spend hours and hours to get it running, tried 
several different IC's</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>(I expected speed problems etc) all with no 
result.........</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>1.37MHz in ......NOTHING 
out................</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>It was a sinple circuit : pin 8,13,15 to ground, 
VCC on 16, 1.37MHz on pin 14,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>and output at pin 12...... so stupid simple, that 
it really is amazing that things are</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>not working.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Well, I decided to try my luck with an 4060 
IC..........modified the VFO, now around 2192kHz,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>divided by 16 to get 137kHz.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Well, that does work ,so, so......and with a large 
amount of harmonics....2,3,4,5, etc times 137kHz</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>and all very strong well into the 5MHz 
range..........</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I think I need a lot of filtering to get rid of 
this.................</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>So, with things already in this stadium getting so 
unfortunate, I think it's better to stop</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>before I start loosing components like FET's or 
what ever, because I can't imagine that</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>that will work without problems 
either..........</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Once again, sorry to say, but can't efford myself 
to continue this way.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I do know that this is the real experimental stuff, 
and I have done a lot in the past,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>but for now not so enthiousiastic about this 
project anymore.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Maybe later I'll pick things up again.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Meanwhile I will try to keep informed about the 
136kHz scene here in the list; maybe doing some</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>listening...........</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73 for now!</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Dick (an unfortunate 136-TX 
builder..........)</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

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Subject: LF: TDA2030 amplifier by OM2TW
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hello all,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>As I haven't OM2TW's emailadress right now, I'll 
ask here.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I found an pdf.drawing of the TDA2030 amplifier 
giving 5Watts or so on 136kHz.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>however, at hte output stage there are two coils 
L3/L4 (ouput transformer) with no</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>further details mentioned.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Can anyone help me with detailed info about the 
value/or how to construct these coils?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Also some uncertainty about C21 and C22, are they 
elco's or normal C's????</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73 Dick, pa4vhf</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>(now probably first try to create QRP in an easy 
way.......)</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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Subject: LF: TC44/MUR1660 question...thanks.....
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Thanks to all who replied to my 
question.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Sorry to see that these FET-drivers are not (yet) a 
widely available</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>product.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Marek's suggestion of using an ICL7667 isn't an bad 
idea at all.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I know the person I Holland who sells them; but 
hadn't tought of him in</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>the first place. (he is rather 
expensive...........)</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>At the momente I am so unfortunate that I can not 
afford myself to buy</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>any expensive parts; so it really has to be a lot 
of 'junk-box'material to be used.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Meanwhile I am searching for old (second-hand?) 
computer powersupply's</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>which might contain also sone usefull 
components.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I downloaded several designs now; also the quarter 
kilowatt amplifier from G0MRF,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>which seems to use no driver 
IC..........</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Probably my first experimental 137kHz set-up will 
be something like the DF3LP</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>"impatient design", simple straight in the old 
fashioned way.......</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Dick, pa4vhf&nbsp;&nbsp; (the VFO is 
running....................more later?????)</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE 
style="BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">&nbsp;</BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Dick" <knaap159@zonnet.nl>
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Subject: LF: interference due to 136kHz transmissions
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Hello all,

First of all thanks for answering my question; however I actually didn't
meant direct interference on reception (radio/TV) but RFI.
I mean the CW-signal on 136kHz detected in various audioparts
of certain pieces of equipement, like it happens so often when
working on the other HF-bands.
Especially external computer speakers and (low-cost) midi-sets etc.

Where I live everybody has cable-television or a satellite dish, so that
won't be the problem.
I'm just afraid of getting complains about strange noises coming out of
all kind of (audio) equipement in the neighbourhood...........

I can imagine that the RF-field on 136kHz is something totally different
than the usual HF-stuff.
Maybe higher voltage on antenna, or stronger magnetic component, but
less 'real' RF-field that cause all these unwanted detection problems.

I live in the center of a block of houses with an 10m backgarden.
At the end of the garden there is a little alley, and to the oposite site
of this alley there is first (like at me) 10m garden space, and then
parallel to my block, another block of houses.
So, my backneighbours ar a little less then 25m away from me.

So, defenatly my backgarden is not the ideal place to put up
some kind of transmission antenna for LF.
The signal will certainly find not an easy way to get 'out', and
my 'activeties'will certainly not stay 'unnoticed'to my neighbours.......
(sofar they haven't had any interference from my wires............)

My old QTH at my parents place is a little better with less, and further
away
neighbours; however there are some (to) nearby trees, that also may absorb
the little amount of energy
I am trying to get out......

Next weeks I'll be busy preparing stuff for our (inter)national PACC contest
taking part 14/15 february.
I will be operating the 160m station from PI4ZI, like I did last year.

Anyway, it is interesting to be on the list, and to get an idea about what's
happening all around.
Sofar I saw that even with 'simple'set ups QSO's must be possible.

Hope to see you all soon on 136kHz!

Dick, PA4VHF






From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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<font size=3><b>Uwe, DJ8WX wrote:<br><br>
</b><blockquote type=cite class=cite cite>Hi Dick,<br>
so you did not rcv my screenshot (.bmp 1,2MB) ?</blockquote><br>
<b>No, I did not.<br><br>
But maybe it was due to the Mydoom virus. The computer twice said it
could not open a message; a report I&nbsp; never saw&nbsp; before.&nbsp;
I then let the McAfee antivirus software scan my computer and it detected
the virus in the folder that contains the attachments (an advantage of
Eudora; attachments are immediately moved to a separate folder so they
cannot infect the address book). After emptying the folder the virus was
gone.<br>
Perhaps one of the two messages that were not displayed was
yours.<br><br>
But thanks for sending it. I now have enough material for a short article
in <i>Electron</i>.&nbsp; The screenshot from VO1NA is the most
impressive one of course.<br><br>
73, Dick, PA0SE</b> </font></body>
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<font size=3><b>Uwe, DJ8WX wrote:<br><br>
</b><blockquote type=cite class=cite cite>Hi Dick,<br>
so you did not rcv my screenshot (.bmp 1,2MB) ?</blockquote><br>
<b>No, I did not.<br><br>
But maybe it was due to the Mydoom virus. The computer twice said it
could not open a message; a report I&nbsp; never saw&nbsp; before.&nbsp;
I then let the McAfee antivirus software scan my computer and it detected
the virus in the folder that contains the attachments (an advantage of
Eudora; attachments are immediately moved to a separate folder so they
cannot infect the address book). After emptying the folder the virus was
gone.<br>
Perhaps one of the two messages that were not displayed was
yours.<br><br>
But thanks for sending it. I now have enough material for a short article
in <i>Electron</i>.&nbsp; The screenshot from VO1NA is the most
impressive one of course.<br><br>
73, Dick, PA0SE</font></b></body>
</html>

From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Dick Rollema" <d.w.rollema@freeler.nl>
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References: <6.0.1.1.2.20040129133740.036bcc40@POP3.freeler.nl> <Pine.OSF.4.56.0401300830590.18011@plato.ucs.mun.ca>
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<font size=3><b>To All from PA0SE<br><br>
Joe, VO1NA wrote:<br><br>
</b><blockquote type=cite class=cite cite>PA0SE was detected around 2300
and was full O copy<br>
at 0200.</blockquote><b><br>
Joe also sent me a screenshot directly :<br>
</b><img src="cid:.0" width=426 height=22 alt="3fcd959.jpg"></b><br><br>
<b>Screenshots were also received from M0BMU, G3AQC, EA1PX and CT1DRP,
all showing excellent copy of my 140mW EMRP signal. EA1PX reported he
even could hear me!<br>
Many thanks to all who responded!<br><br>
I have been trying to copy VO1NA's signal during several nights. Though
there were traces of his signal at the beginning of the night and also
around dawn, none were good enough for a QSO. <br><br>
I cannot use ARGO because it requires a sampling rate of 5512kHz and that
is not supported by the soundcard, as I found out with I2BHD's help (tnx
again Alberto).<br>
I therefore use SPECTRAN at a sampling rate of 8000kHz and a bandwidth of
0.031Hz.&nbsp; <br>
But I don't think that explains the poor copy. I think the local noise
level&nbsp; is too high.&nbsp; The level fluctuates somewhat with time
and it was during a low that I could detect, but not read, Joe's
signal.<br><br>
Perhaps when better propagation is present I will succeed in making a
two-way with Joe. <br><br>
I hope Alan will tell us&nbsp; when that is the case.<br><br>
In he meantime congratulations to those accomplished a QSO with
Joe.<br><br>
73, Dick, PA0SE <br><br>
</font></b></body>
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--------------020801020501060304040205--

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Subject: LF: Beaconing by PA0SE
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<font size=3><b>To All from PA0SE<br><br>
The following message was sent before but I now have added a
request.<br><br>
I intend to do beaconing tonight, starting around 2200 UTC and using
QRSS30 on 135922Hz.&nbsp; Will stop about 0800 UTC on 30/1.&nbsp; Power
about 140 milliwatt EMRP. <br><br>
If you happen to see my signal I would be grateful for a  screen
shot.&nbsp; I intend to write an article on LF for our VERON magazine
<i>Electron </i>and a screen shot would be a nice illustration.<br><br>
Thanks! <br><br>
73, Dick, PA0SE</b> </font></body>
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From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Dick Rollema" <d.w.rollema@freeler.nl>
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<b>To All from PA0SE<br><br>
I intend to do beaconing tonight, starting around 2200 UTC and using
QRSS30 on 135922Hz.&nbsp; Will stop about 0800 UTC on 30/1.&nbsp; Power
about 140 milliwatt EMRP. <br><br>
73, Dick, PA0SE</b></body>
</html>

From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Date: Mon, 05 Jan 2004 17:47:50 +0100
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
From: "Dick Rollema" <d.w.rollema@freeler.nl>
In-reply-to: <000201c3d2f3$c4fb5f40$61e4fc3e@l8p8y6>
References: <6.0.1.1.2.20031229161651.027e8660@POP3.freeler.nl> <000001c3d009$acf7a620$c7e47f50@Smisan> <6.0.1.1.2.20040103121138.0280f960@POP3.freeler.nl> <000601c3d2c3$2bd34e70$b733f7c2@johnb5a82ea1a4> <6.0.1.1.2.20040104163146.027efbe0@POP3.freeler.nl> <000201c3d2f3$c4fb5f40$61e4fc3e@l8p8y6>
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<font size=3><b>To All from PA0SE,<br><br>
In an earlier e-mail I wrote:<br><br>
</b></font><blockquote type=cite class=cite cite>
<dl>
<dd>----- Original Message ----- <br>

<dd>From:</b> <a href="mailto:d.w.rollema@freeler.nl">Dick Rollema</a>
<br>

<dd>To:</b> <a href="mailto:rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org">rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org</a> <br>

<dd>Sent:</b> Sunday, January 04, 2004 3:50 PM<br>

<dd>Subject:</b> Re: LF: Re: &quot;T&quot; versus &quot;L&quot;aerial<br><br>

<dd>Dear John,<br><br>

<dd>Computer simulation takes place over perfect ground and shows appreciable horizontally polarised radiation under high elevation angles for the inverted-L aerial .&nbsp; But even at say 20m height of the horizontal part of the aerial this is only 0.0009 of a wavelength so the aerial is almost on the ground.&nbsp; This means that over real earth such strong currents will be induced in the earth under the aerial that almost all power in the horizontally polarised field will be converted into heat in its resistance. <br>
</b></blockquote>
</dl><b>Mal, G3KEV commented:<br><br>
<br>
</b><blockquote type=cite class=cite cite>
<dl>
<dd><font size=3>Dick<br>

<dd>You are saying that my 4 x inv L antennas each at 120 ft vertical and 400 ft horizontal are only burning up the field under the array. <br>

<dd>My signal is reported throughout EU and beyond to Russia and the USA as the strongest on the air only surpassed by MM0ALM when he was active. As far as I can remember he was using 2 x inv L antennas at over 140 ft high using two masts. <br>

<dd>I have never used a T antenna, my logic is that the more independent wire in the air the better, you have the benefit in my case of 4 top loaded verticals in parallel. All the bottom ends of the verticals are connected to the top of the loading coil of about 0.3 mh. The top of each L is about 10 feet out from the mast and the drop wires taper to the bottom reducing capacitance to ground. <br>

<dd>An inv L antenna is really a top loaded vertical.<br>

<dd>I hope you understand what I mean.<br>

<dd>Calculations and theoretical assumptions are often way of the mark when it comes to small antenna systems like radio amateurs use on LF. <br>

<dd>The only solution is the practical approach, common sense gained with experience and put up the best antenna you can then judge the results. As a matter of interest I have never burnt out any insulators, antenna wires, ground radials or any vegetation underneath the antenna array.<br>

<dd>If you are working worldwide on normal CW then you have got it right !!!!!!!<br>

<dd>73 de Mal/G3KEV<br>

<dd>&nbsp;</blockquote>
</dl>What I said was that the radiation from the horizontal part</i> of a top loaded aerial is largely absorbed in the earth under it because the wire is so near to the surface.<br>
To have a closer look I modeled a 40m long dipole for 136kHz, made of 1.5mm copper wire over real ground at a height&nbsp; h.&nbsp; Ground constants are dielectric constant 13; conductivity 5mS/m.<br><br>
The simulation shows that the maximum of radiation is under an elevation of 90 degrees. The gain is referenced to a half wave dipole in free space.<br><br>
h in metres&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; gain in dBd<br><br>
</i>500&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -2.29<br>
200&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -6.65<br>
100&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -11.84<br>
&nbsp;50&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -17.44<br>
&nbsp;20&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -25.40<br>
&nbsp;10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -31.48<br><br>
The numbers speak for themselves.<br><br>
The radiation by the vertical part </i>of the aerial, that does the work, is not affected by this of course.<br><br>
73, Dick, PA0SE</font></b></body>
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<font size=3><b>Dear John,<br><br>
Though the traces on the screen shots are not too clear I am convinced it
is my signal, especially as the frequency tallies with Markus'
measurement and there being no other participant on that frequency.<br>
Many thanks John! <br><br>
Also thanks to KL1X and VO1NA for reporting on my signal.<br><br>
I am happy that with my small power of 140mW and a moderate aerial I came
across. <br><br>
There were more amateurs who made it over the pond for the first time and
I congratulate them all.<br><br>
I am also grateful to:<br><br>
* DF6NM for making accurate and high resolution frequency
measurements.<br><br>
*&nbsp; PA0LQ who lent me his robust valved 300 watt transmitter. At my
request Harry even modified his TX so that instead from the internal free
running VFO I could drive the transmitter from the W &amp; G SPM12/PS-12
combo at twenty times the transmit frequency.<br><br>
* I2PHD and ON7YD for writing the receive and transmit software that make
these TA tests possible.<br><br>
73, Dick, PA0SE<br><br>
<br>
</b>At 18:04 4-1-04, you wrote:<br>
<blockquote type=cite class=cite cite>Dick,<br><br>
The original screen shots are posted at:<br>
<a href="http://webpages.charter.net/w1tag/files/SNAG-0006.jpg" eudora="autourl">http://webpages.charter.net/w1tag/files/SNAG-0006.jpg</a><br>
<a href="http://webpages.charter.net/w1tag/files/SNAG-0007.jpg" eudora="autourl">http://webpages.charter.net/w1tag/files/SNAG-0007.jpg</a><br>
<a href="http://webpages.charter.net/w1tag/files/SNAG-0008.jpg" eudora="autourl">http://webpages.charter.net/w1tag/files/SNAG-0008.jpg</a><br><br>
John Andrews, W1TAG</font></blockquote></body>
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<font size=3><b>Dear John,<br><br>
Computer simulation takes place over perfect ground and shows appreciable
horizontally polarised radiation under high elevation angles for the
inverted-L aerial .&nbsp; But even at say 20m height of the horizontal
part of the aerial this is only 0.0009 of a wavelength so the aerial is
almost on the ground.&nbsp; This means that over real earth such strong
currents will be induced in the earth under the aerial that almost all
power in the horizontally polarised field will be converted into heat in
its resistance. <br><br>
&nbsp;Another point is that for DX the take-off angle should be as low as
possible and that is certainly not achieved this way.&nbsp; <br><br>
As a ground wave (surface wave) a horizontally polarised cannot exist
over a perfect ground and over real earth is so weak that it is of no
practical use.<br><br>
The question has come up before on the reflector and as far as I can
remember the conclusion has always been that this is not a viable
solution for producing a useful sky wave. <br><br>
73, Dick, PA0SE<br><br>
</b>At 10:39 4-1-04, you wrote:<br>
<blockquote type=cite class=cite cite>How much horizontally polarised
skywave is there and how well does it<br>
propagate?<br><br>
Would it be worth constructing an aerial that favoured skywave?<br><br>
73<br>
John Rabson G3PAI<br><br>
----- Original Message ----- <br>
From: &quot;Dick Rollema&quot; &lt;d.w.rollema@freeler.nl&gt;<br>
To: &lt;rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org&gt;<br>
Sent: Saturday, January 03, 2004 11:30 AM<br>
Subject: RE: LF: Re: &quot;T&quot; versus &quot;L&quot;aerial<br><br>
<br>
&gt; To All from PA0SE,<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; Mike,&nbsp; PC4M, wrote:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; At 02:50 1-1-04, you wrote:<br>
&gt; &gt;Dear Dick / Bob and Lofers,<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt;Does the computer calculate the earth losses in the return path
from the<br>
&gt; &gt;aerial system to the transmitter? If it would then the earth
losses in a<br>
T<br>
&gt; &gt;should have been significantly less then the L alternative.
There are two<br>
&gt; &gt;separate return currents<br>
&gt; &gt;(parallel resistance) and each with a smaler physical length
(lower<br>
&gt; &gt;R-earth)&nbsp; in a T system resulting in more ERP if compared
to an L system.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; In the computer simulation no resistances were included. That means
that<br>
&gt; the 1 kW fed to the aerial is completely radiated. Even an
extremelly<br>
short<br>
&gt; vertical with no top load would do so and produce the calculated
29.9mV/m<br>
&gt; at 10km<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; Bu the point raised by Bob, ZL2CA, was that the current in the
single wire<br>
&gt; topload&nbsp; of the &quot;L&quot; would generate a horizontally
polarised field. In the<br>
&gt; &quot;T&quot; the currents&nbsp; in the two topload wires flow in
opposite directions so<br>
&gt; the horizontally polarised fields caused by these currents would at
least<br>
&gt; partially cancel each other.<br>
&gt; The horizontally polarised field is radiated as a sky wave and the
power<br>
in<br>
&gt; it detracts from that in the vertically polarised field of the
ground<br>
wave.<br>
&gt; If the above reasoning were correct it could be expected that the
&quot;T&quot;<br>
would<br>
&gt; produce a stronger ground wave than the &quot;L&quot; because less
power disappears<br>
&gt; in the horizontally polarised sky wave.<br>
&gt; The simulation has shown that this is not the case.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; The subject of losses in the earth&nbsp; and surrounding objects has
been<br>
&gt; treated very well by Jim, M0BMU, in his e-mail.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; 73, Dick, PA0SE<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; &gt;-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----<br>
&gt; &gt;Van: owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org<br>
&gt;
&gt;[<a href="mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org" eudora="autourl">mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org</a>]
Namens Dick Rollema<br>
&gt; &gt;Verzonden: maandag 29 december 2003 16:37<br>
&gt; &gt;Aan: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org<br>
&gt; &gt;Onderwerp: Re: LF: Re: &quot;T&quot; versus
&quot;L&quot;aerial<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt;To All from PA0SE<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt;Bob, ZL2AC wrote:<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt;Dick PA0SE,<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt;Fine on the test result.&nbsp; As you stated, the tested T has
twice the<br>
amount<br>
&gt; &gt;of top loading wire (2x 20 metres) than the L (1x 20
metres).<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt;It would be interesting to know if a T is better than an L for
constant<br>
&gt; &gt;length top loading i.e. what the difference is if the upwire
joins at the<br>
&gt; &gt;end or the middle of the horizontal top wire (theory suggests
the T is<br>
&gt; &gt;better as there is minimal horizontally polarised
component).<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt;Bob,&nbsp; I cannot answer your question by a practical
experiment but used<br>
&gt; &gt;computer simulation instead by means of K6STI's program
Antenna<br>
Optimizer.<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt;I modeled two antennas with a vertical element of 20m.&nbsp; One
an Inverted<br>
&gt; &gt;L-antenna with a horizontal top load wire of 40m. The other a
T-antenna<br>
&gt; &gt;with a top load of 2 x 20m.<br>
&gt; &gt;Both antennas&nbsp; without losses, over perfect ground and fed
with 1kW.<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt;At a distance of 10km (so well outside the near field region)
and over<br>
&gt; &gt;perfect ground both antennas produced a vertically polarised
field of<br>
&gt; &gt;29.9mV/m. The horizontally polarised field was zero; but this is
to be<br>
&gt; &gt;expected because over a perfect conducting ground a horizontal
field<br>
&gt; &gt;component cannot exist.<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt;73, Dick, PA0SE<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt;Original message:<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt;To:
&lt;<a href="mailto:rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org" eudora="autourl">mailto:rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org</a>&gt;LF-Group<br>
&gt; &gt;Sent: Sunday, December 28, 2003 3:09 AM<br>
&gt; &gt;Subject: LF: &quot;T&quot; versus &quot;L&quot;aerial<br>
&gt; &gt;To All from PA0SE<br>
&gt; &gt;Further to my e-mail of 26 December I measured the field
strength as<br>
&gt; &gt;radiated by the aerial in<br>
&gt; &gt;Inverted L-configuration. From this I found EMRP = 57
milliwatt.<br>
&gt; &gt;This confirms the benificial effect of top loading. The T-aerial
radiated<br>
&gt; &gt;140 milliwatt.<br>
&gt; &gt;So going from a single 20m top load wire for the &quot;L&quot;
to 2 x 20m for the<br>
&gt; &gt;&quot;T&quot; resulted in an improvement by a factor 2.46
(3.9dB) in radiated<br>
power.<br>
&gt; &gt;The vertical part of the &quot;T&quot; consisted of an open wire
feedline of 11m<br>
&gt; &gt;with the two wires connected in parallel in the attic shack. For
the &quot;L&quot;<br>
&gt; &gt;one of the feedline wires was removed. I assume this did not
appreciably<br>
&gt; &gt;affect the EMRP.<br>
&gt; &gt;73, Dick, PA0SE<br>
&gt;</font></blockquote></body>
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<font size=3><b>To All from PA0SE<br><br>
Bryan, G3GVB wrote:<br><br>
<br>
</b><blockquote type=cite class=cite cite>Then the simulation must surely
be wrong.!<br>
&nbsp;I spent a long time reading a&nbsp; 160/80 m antenna book by ON4
??&nbsp; before<br>
realising that the performance of various antenna configurations
confidently<br>
reported as&nbsp; if they actually existed, were in fact only the result
of<br>
computer simulations.</font></blockquote><b><br>
The simulation is certainly right under the conditions used as
input.&nbsp; One of the conditions I used was that no resistance existed
in the aerial system. This is certainly not realistic; but the effect of
resistance is that the actual power radiated is less than&nbsp; the
simulation indicated because power is lost in the resistance of the wire
and in the earth that forms part of the return path for the aerial
current. But this does not affect the <font size=3><i>shape </i></font>of
the radiation pattern.&nbsp;  <br><br>
<br>
</b><blockquote type=cite class=cite cite><font size=3>That you can get
vertically radiated horizontally polarised radiation for<br>
_nothing_ using the simulation program has to tell you something about
its<br>
limitations .</font></blockquote><br>
<b>I had a look at the radiation pattern of the <i>horizontally
</i>polarised field. In the case of the &quot;L&quot; there is maximum
under 90 degrees elevation: straight up.<br>
For the &quot;T&quot; there is a minimum under 90 degrees. But the
pattern is split into two lobes with maxima under 45 and 135 degrees, so
there is no complete cancellation. <br><br>
The radiation pattern for the <i>vertically</i> polarised field over both
perfect and real ground is identical for &quot;L&quot; and
&quot;T&quot;.&nbsp; When you consider the top load wires as capacitors
to earth it is reasonable that the total capacitance is the same for a
single wire of 40 m or two wires of 20 m in opposite directions.&nbsp; So
the &quot;extra&quot; current in the vertical leg due to the top loading
&quot;capacitors&quot; is also the same. And because the current in the
vertical part of the aerial generates the vertically polarised field it
is logical that the radiation patterns of &quot;L&quot; and &quot;T&quot;
are identical. <br><br>
<br>
</b><blockquote type=cite class=cite cite><font size=3>Both the book and
the programs are very&nbsp; good indicators but not _absolute. <br>
truths_</font></blockquote><br>
<b>Very true.&nbsp; But both are still very useful as long as the
limitations inherent in the modeling of an aerial are kept in mind and
the results make sense.<br><br>
73, Dick, PA0SE<br><br>
<br><br>
</b><blockquote type=cite class=cite cite><font size=3>----- Original
Message -----<br>
From: &quot;Dick Rollema&quot; &lt;d.w.rollema@freeler.nl&gt;<br>
To: &lt;rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org&gt;<br>
Sent: 03 January 2004 11:30<br>
Subject: RE: LF: Re: &quot;T&quot; versus &quot;L&quot;aerial<br>
&gt;<br><br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; Bu the point raised by Bob, ZL2CA, was that the current in the
single wire<br>
&gt; topload&nbsp; of the &quot;L&quot; would generate a horizontally
polarised field. In the<br>
&gt; &quot;T&quot; the currents&nbsp; in the two topload wires flow in
opposite directions so<br>
&gt; the horizontally polarised fields caused by these currents would at
least<br>
&gt; partially cancel each other.<br><br>
<br>
&gt; The horizontally polarised field is radiated as a sky wave and the
power<br>
in<br>
&gt; it detracts from that in the vertically polarised field of the
ground<br>
wave.<br>
&gt; If the above reasoning were correct it could be expected that the
&quot;T&quot;<br>
would<br>
&gt; produce a stronger ground wave than the &quot;L&quot; because less
power disappears<br>
&gt; in the horizontally polarised sky wave.<br><br>
<br>
&gt; ****The simulation has shown that this is not the case.****<br>
&gt;</font></blockquote></body>
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<b>To All&nbsp; from PA0SE<br><br>
When it stays dry I intend to do some QRSS120 beaconing on 135922kHz,
starting at about 2200 UTC today.<br><br>
73, Dick, PA0SE</b></body>
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From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Dick Rollema" <d.w.rollema@freeler.nl>
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<font size=3><b>To All from PA0SE,<br><br>
Mike,&nbsp; PC4M, wrote: <br><br>
</b>At 02:50 1-1-04, you wrote:<br>
</font><blockquote type=cite class=cite cite><font face="arial" size=2 color="#000080">Dear
Dick / Bob and Lofers,<br>
&nbsp;<br>
Does the computer calculate the earth losses in the return path from the
aerial system to the transmitter? If it would then the earth losses in a
T should have been significantly less then the L alternative. There are
two separate return currents <br>
(parallel resistance) and each with a smaler physical length (lower
R-earth)&nbsp; in a T system resulting in more ERP if compared to an L
system.</font></blockquote><font size=3><b><br>
In the computer simulation no resistances were included. That means that
the 1 kW fed to the aerial is completely radiated. Even an extremelly
short vertical with no top load would do so and produce the calculated
29.9mV/m at 10km<br><br>
Bu the point raised by Bob, ZL2CA, was that the current in the single
wire topload&nbsp; of the &quot;L&quot; would generate a horizontally
polarised field. In the &quot;T&quot; the currents&nbsp; in the two
topload wires flow in opposite directions so the horizontally polarised
fields caused by these currents would at least partially cancel each
other. <br>
The horizontally polarised field is radiated as a sky wave and the power
in it detracts from that in the vertically polarised field of the ground
wave. <br>
If the above reasoning were correct it could be expected that the
&quot;T&quot; would produce a stronger ground wave than the &quot;L&quot;
because less power disappears in the horizontally polarised sky
wave.<br>
The simulation has shown that this is not the case.<br><br>
The subject of losses in the earth&nbsp; and surrounding objects has been
treated very well by Jim, M0BMU, in his e-mail.<br><br>
73, Dick, PA0SE<br><br>
<br>
</b></font><blockquote type=cite class=cite cite><font face="tahoma" size=2>-----Oorspronkelijk
bericht-----<br>
<b>Van:</b> owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
[<a href="mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org" eudora="autourl">mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org</a>]
<b>Namens </b>Dick Rollema<br>
<b>Verzonden:</b> maandag 29 december 2003 16:37<br>
<b>Aan:</b> rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org<br>
<b>Onderwerp:</b> Re: LF: Re: &quot;T&quot; versus
&quot;L&quot;aerial<br>
</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times" size=3>&nbsp;<br>
<b>To All from PA0SE<br><br>
Bob, ZL2AC wrote:<br><br>
<br><br>
</b></font><font face="arial" size=2>Dick PA0SE,<br>
</font><font size=3>&nbsp;<br>
</font><font face="arial" size=2>Fine on the test result.&nbsp; As you
stated, the tested T has twice the amount of top loading wire (2x 20
metres) than the L (1x 20 metres).<br>
</font><font size=3>&nbsp;<br>
</font><font face="arial" size=2>It would be interesting to know if a T
is better than an L for constant length top loading i.e. what the
difference is if the upwire joins at the end or the middle of the
horizontal top wire (theory suggests the T is better as there is minimal
horizontally polarised component).<br>
</font><font size=3>&nbsp;<br>
</font><font face="arial" size=3><b>Bob,&nbsp; I cannot answer your
question by a practical experiment but used computer simulation instead
by means of K6STI's program Antenna Optimizer.<br>
</b></font><font face="Times New Roman, Times" size=3><br>
<b>I modeled two antennas with a vertical element of 20m.&nbsp; One an
Inverted L-antenna with a horizontal top load wire of 40m. The other a
T-antenna with a top load of 2 x 20m.<br>
Both antennas&nbsp; without losses, over perfect ground and fed with
1kW.<br><br>
At a distance of 10km (so well outside the near field region) and over
perfect ground both antennas produced a vertically polarised field of
29.9mV/m. The horizontally polarised field was zero; but this is to be
expected because over a perfect conducting ground a horizontal field
component cannot exist.<br><br>
73, Dick, PA0SE <br><br>
Original message:<br><br>
<br>
To:</b></font> <a href="mailto:rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org">LF-Group</a>
<br>
<font face="Times New Roman, Times" size=3>Sent: Sunday, December 28,
2003 3:09 AM<br>
Subject: LF: &quot;T&quot; versus &quot;L&quot;aerial<br>
To All from PA0SE<br>
Further to my e-mail of 26 December I measured the field strength as
radiated by the aerial in <br>
Inverted L-configuration. From this I found EMRP = </font><font size=4>57
milliwatt.<br>
</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times" size=3>This confirms the
benificial effect of top loading. The T-aerial radiated
</font><font size=4>140 milliwatt</font><font size=3>. <br>
</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times" size=3>So going from a single
20m top load wire for the &quot;L&quot; to 2 x 20m for the &quot;T&quot;
resulted in an improvement by a factor 2.46 (3.9dB) in radiated power.
<br>
The vertical part of the &quot;T&quot; consisted of an open wire feedline
of 11m with the two wires connected in parallel in the attic shack. For
the &quot;L&quot; one of the feedline wires was removed. I assume this
did not appreciably affect the EMRP.<br>
73, Dick, PA0SE </font></blockquote></body>
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<font size=3><b>Dear Markus,<br><br>
It seems you made it over the Atlantic. Congratulations!&nbsp; And that
with a miniMal power of 170 mW!<br><br>
Am I right that you are the second continental station after CT1DRP that
crossed the Atlantic?<br><br>
I wish you and all LFers a happy, healthy and peaceful 2004 with lots of
LF activity.<br><br>
73, Dick, PA0SE<br><br>
<br><br>
</b>At 06:34 3-1-04, you wrote:<br>
</font><blockquote type=cite class=cite cite><font size=2>Hi
Laurence,<br><br>
<a href="http://www.kl1x.com/ARGO3/42200275.jpg" eudora="autourl">http://www.kl1x.com/ARGO3/42200275.jpg</a><br>
- wow, thats much better than I had dared to expect ;-)<br><br>
Will leave my TX on till ~7:30, past sunrise.<br><br>
Thanks a lot<br>
Markus<br><br>
<br>
In einer eMail vom 03.01.2004 03:32:28 Westeuropäische Normalzeit
schreibt hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com: <br><br>
<blockquote type=cite class=cite cite>0230Z<br><br>
I have dfcw signal 135,922.3 and 4 (hi) and dot 60 signal on 135,923,36
or <br>
so<br><br>
Heavy qrn from splurge mucking things up...<br><br>
Laurence</blockquote></font></blockquote></body>
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From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Hi group,
some might remember my flee for help, as I had bad ringing on T2, high
current and low output. Now I figured, that there was an overlapping in
switchtime. SPSUs use to have abt 48%  dutycycle on each half. I had over
50% on-time on the FETs. By cutting off the schottkys, I managed to get that
thing running. Not yet measured ultimate power, but at 200W in I get
somewhat over 160W out.
What did that teach me? Never trust nobody, not even a schematic, hi.

Thanks to those who tried to help and 73 to all of you, Peter, dj9dw.






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References: <C75A388845B4B54B9CF5E2ADB589B0E3031AEFE6@btss.siemens-pse.sk> <1074543877.400c3d051a334@webmail2.kuleuven.be> <5.1.0.14.0.20040120090129.0362e1d0@u0019445.kuleuven.be>
Date: Tue, 20 Jan 2004 15:41:48 +0100
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Subject: Re: LF: Where to get TC44... and MUR1660??
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hi Dick and Rik,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Farnell sells minimum 100 pieces TC4426. 
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>RS-Component delivers one single chip for abt 2.73 
Pounds. G0MRF should have this driver too.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73, Peter, dj9dw.</FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=ltr 
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
  <DIV 
  style="BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: black"><B>From:</B> 
  <A title=rik.strobbe@fys.kuleuven.ac.be 
  href="mailto:rik.strobbe@fys.kuleuven.ac.be">Rik Strobbe</A> </DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A title=rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org 
  href="mailto:rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org">rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org</A> 
  </DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Tuesday, January 20, 2004 9:08 
  AM</DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: LF: Where to get TC44... and 
  MUR1660??</DIV>
  <DIV><BR></DIV>Dick,<BR><BR>they have all the TC44xx drivers at Farnell.<BR>Be 
  aware that the TC4421/22 are 9 Amp. versions and rather expensive (arround 10 
  Euro) while the TC4426/27 are 1.5 Amp. versions and cost less than 2 
  Euro.<BR>The 1.5 Amp. version can drive a couple of FET's without any 
  problem.<BR><BR>You can reach Farnell : 
  <UL>
    <LI><A href="http://www.farnellinone.com" 
    eudora="autourl">www.farnellinone.com</A> 
    <LI>fax ++030-2417333 
    <LI>tel&nbsp; ++030 2417373 
    <LI>email hollandsales@farnellinone.com </LI></UL>73, Rik&nbsp; 
  ON7YD<BR><BR>At 22:59 19/01/2004 +0100, you wrote:<BR>
  <BLOCKQUOTE class=cite cite="" type="cite">Hello all,<BR><BR>I am wondering 
    where I can get (one of) the following 
    components:<BR><BR>TC4421<BR>TC4422<BR>TC4426<BR>MUR1660CT<BR><BR>A google 
    search didn't deliver a resonable result.<BR>I am looking for a store/firm 
    in Holland or Germany, as this is<BR>the easiest way in case of 
    ordering/paying.<BR><BR>Any suggestions??<BR><BR>Meanwhile I started to 
    build the first part for my 136kHz station:<BR>the 1370kHz 
    VFO..........<BR>The rest will be a lot of bits and pieces from various 
    designs, likely<BR>resulting in a QRPP transmitter capable of producing 
    100Watt or so.<BR><BR>73<BR><BR>Dick, PA4VHF 
(JO32eh)</BLOCKQUOTE></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "dj9dw" <dj9dw@t-online.de>
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Subject: Re: LF: T2-ringing
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the choke is the only device, that I did not change. All the other methods
were tried and invain. However, I did not dare connecting D to S for the
reasons, you mentioned. I even thought of the PSU, which is stabilized by 5
times 3055. Is that cazy? That's what a problem can make out of me, hi.
Running on 32Volts by 8 Amps - still ringing. If I aproximate a t37-core to
T2, frequency decreases...shure. C-R-combination on drain makes heat, only.
50 Ohm dirct at T2 still ringing. LPF was hooked on network: PERFECT!. Will
try the coke one of these days.
Tks so far es 73, Peter, dj9dw.
----- Original Message -----
From: <G0MRF@aol.com>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Sunday, January 11, 2004 7:14 PM
Subject: Re: LF: T2-ringing


> In a message dated 1/11/2004 12:30:03 PM Eastern Standard Time,
dj9dw@t-online.de writes:
>
> > nonconducting side. Eather a steady current and heat on the
> > FET's or by
> > adding a cap from D to G.
>
> This may be a mistake, but please remember you may have peaks to 200V on
the drains and a limit of 20V (ish) on the gates. Any capacitor as suggested
will destroy the devices in an instant.
> I have seen a few 'mods' including a zobel network i.e. a capacitor and
resistor in series between drain and ground. This does de-Q the circuit
quite well. Changes in value of the normal drain to ground 10nF will have
some effect but it's likely to change any resonant frequency without
reducing the Q or the total peak voltage. Bob G8RW ran his unit at over 300W
and had installed 'transorbs' that conducted just below the max drain limit
of the FETs. However, Bob's just had a single peak at the switch on / off
points and not the 'ringing' described here. It may be worth looking at the
T94-2 core / decoupling caps as well if ringing is at 1MHz+
>
> 73
>
> David  G0MRF
>
>






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Hi Laurence,Alan,Eric and Bernd,
tks 4 info on T2. You stopped me from midnightrewinding on that core, and
that comes close to fingerbreaking, hi.
All the caps are higher voltage but, Laurence, what did you mean by 1000uF
close to the board? Should I...
So on we go on that miracle.

Berst regards, Peter, dj9dw






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Hello group,
as I can't get in contact with David, G0MRF, I want to spread out my problem
here.
The TX works fine except the outputtransformer T2. There is heavy ringing at
abt 1 MHz. Now I figured, the inductance seems to be abt 300uH from drain to
drain. That shure is far too much.
Could it be that David has changed the toroid - type to one with higher u so
that 10 turns primary has to be reduced?
Your help is very welcom, I am stuck.

Regards, dj9dw, Peter.







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Dear LF-enthusiasts!

I have returned from a Machta (KN97LN)
Has received much e-mails (TNX!). The summary later...
Some conclusions from last acty: the propagation was very unstable on
a distance up to 3000km at the night but for me there was by a surprise
a very good and stable propagation to daytime (Jan 18)

I made beacons:
Jan 16-17 abt 23-6z 135.922+ QRSS60
Jan 17 at daytime 137.7 QRSS3
Jan 17-18 abt 23-4z QRSS60 with some 30min RX 137.777 in QRSS30
Jan 18 at daytime till abt 12z 137.7 QRSS3
Jan 18-19 22-5z 135.922+ QRSS60

Nothing on 137.777 ;-(
How in Northen America?

Have carried out with Vlad UA6LV some experiments with ANTs on 160/80
(CQ WW 160m at next weekend) - too had surprises

73! Ed RU6LA  ed@dx.ru  http://136.73.ru

P.S. I have no any msgs from Rich's trip and any OM2TW's captures on
136kHz ;-(


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Dear Rik,

I for a field/DXpedition conditions should carry an external electronic key
or ordinary key for realization CW QSOs. Such external key to me should be
connected to TX.

It would be convenient to have a key(from PC's keyboard) in QRS.
A keyboard's key in the program have all contest-programs.
Hot  key  is  standart:  ALT-K for enable/disable keyboard CW mode and
open/close small window, and ALT-V for set(Vary) CW speed.
All external connections PC - TX already are in PC(QRS)- TX

Whether probably such to add internal keyboard's key in next QRS's
versions and under same interface (as for QRSS) via COM/LPT?

TNX for QRS!

73! Ed RU6LA  ed@dx.ru  http://136.73.ru

P.S. Do you received my special QSL-card?



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Dear LF-enthusiasts!

In past weekend (Jan 10-11) I and Vlad UA6LV have restored ours Big Vertical,
which was broke in December at very strong ice

On the following weekend (Jan 16...18) we plan activity on 136kHz in CW and QRSS.
Also I plan to give QRSS60 beacons at 135.922 - 136.923 segment from 22...23z up
to sunrise at Machta - abt 0515z

73! Ed RU6LA  ed@dx.ru  http://136.73.ru



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John, Dex and LF-enthusiasts!

My congratulations to John W1TAG and Dex W4DEX!
It is remarkable result at such very small ERP!
I believe what to RX a very weak signal at 1w DC input max (not 1w
ERP!!), and antenna less than 15m on distance abt 1080km it is very
difficult in any modes...probably in WOLF is especial...and at the daytime...

On what greatest distance it was possible to RX in long QRSS such small
ERP at night?

US's Lowfers have saved wide experience in reception of very weak
signals on LF - when already they will appear on 136 or 160-190kHz for
longway 2-way QSO with high-grade ERP?

The first(?) reception of Europe signal in North America on WOLF:
John W1TAG RX Jim M0BMU at March 9, 2001 at QRB abt 5307km

Whether who has made 2-way QSO on WOLF in Europe?

When (date) Stewart KK7KA has made WOLF mode?

73! Ed RU6LA  ed@dx.ru  http://136.73.ru



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From: "Eric KD5UWL" <eric@willow.nutstreet.net>
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> I'll be QRV from 135m high vertical ...

 ! I'd like to see a picture of that installation!

Have fun this weekend.  But definitely send me a pic if you can!

73
Eric



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Congratulations Dex and John!  I'm jealous!

Excellent work to all.  Good job!!  Inspiring to the rest of us.

73
Eric



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From: "Eric KD5UWL" <eric@willow.nutstreet.net>
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I don't know if I can help you or not -- but I believe he changed the type 
to 3C90 as the 85 is very hard to find now.

Eric


On Tue, 6 Jan 2004, dj9dw wrote:

> Hello group,
> as I can't get in contact with David, G0MRF, I want to spread out my problem
> here.
> The TX works fine except the outputtransformer T2. There is heavy ringing at
> abt 1 MHz. Now I figured, the inductance seems to be abt 300uH from drain to
> drain. That shure is far too much.
> Could it be that David has changed the toroid - type to one with higher u so
> that 10 turns primary has to be reduced?
> Your help is very welcom, I am stuck.
> 
> Regards, dj9dw, Peter.
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 



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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><HTML><FONT  SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">In a message dated 1/31/04 12:04:33 PM GMT Standard Time, dj9dw@t-online.de writes:<BR>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE TYPE=CITE style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px">Hi group,<BR>
some might remember my flee for help, as I had bad ringing on T2, high<BR>
current and low output. Now I figured, that there was an overlapping in<BR>
switchtime. SPSUs use to have abt 48%&nbsp; dutycycle on each half. I had over<BR>
50% on-time on the FETs. By cutting off the schottkys, I managed to get that<BR>
thing running. Not yet measured ultimate power, but at 200W in I get<BR>
somewhat over 160W out.<BR>
What did that teach me? Never trust nobody, not even a schematic, hi.<BR>
<BR>
Thanks to those who tried to help and 73 to all of you, Peter, dj9dw.<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE><BR>
<BR>
Self training of the licensee......as it says in the licence.<BR>
<BR>
Well done Peter.<BR>
<BR>
David</FONT></HTML>

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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><HTML><FONT  SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">In a message dated 1/30/04 10:05:34 PM GMT Standard Time, knaap159@zonnet.nl writes:<BR>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE TYPE=CITE style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px">Hello all,<BR>
<BR>
I am starting with an powersupply in order to have something to feed an amp.<BR>
I have some nice transformers here, one of them being 50V/1000VA.<BR>
To limit the current when switching on such a large powersupply,<BR>
I'm thinking of using an NTC in the primaire part.<BR>
Question however is, what value should I take??????<BR>
Their nominal value seems to be given at 25 degrees C.<BR>
I'm thinking of 1Ohm, and an Imax of 9 Amp.<BR>
Will that be good enough??????<BR>
<BR>
Dick, pa4vhf<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE><BR>
<BR>
Hello Dick.<BR>
<BR>
A simple and very reliable alternative is a slow start circuit with a resistor and a relay.<BR>
<BR>
Circuit:<BR>
<BR>
A resistor of about 30 to 150 Ohms is wired in series with the mains live and the transformer primary.<BR>
<BR>
An 'open' relay contact is wired across the resistor.<BR>
<BR>
The relay coil is wired across the DC side of your supply.&nbsp; <BR>
<BR>
Method of operation:<BR>
<BR>
As the mains is switched on, the inrush current on the primary is limited by the resistor.<BR>
The voltage slowly builds up on the secondary side and the big smoothing capacitor charges at a sensible rate.&nbsp; As the voltage on the capacitor reaches a point where the relay coil energises the relay pulls in and the resistor is shorted out.<BR>
<BR>
I've used this technique on a 50V solid state amp and with a 3-500Z tube which uses a 3500V supply.&nbsp; Both have been very reliable over many years.<BR>
<BR>
73 es GL<BR>
<BR>
David</FONT></HTML>

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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><HTML><FONT  SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">In a message dated 1/22/04 8:00:11 PM GMT Standard Time, knaap159@zonnet.nl writes:<BR>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE TYPE=CITE style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px">To give you some examples from problems I ran into:</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
&nbsp; <BR>
</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">No suitable X-tals to build VXO 's or something with an divider, so I decided</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
 </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">to build an VFO on 1.37MHz followed by an 4017 to divide by 10.</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
 </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">VFO worked perfect but the 10-diveder just wouldn't work!!!!</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
 </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">I spend hours and hours to get it running, tried several different IC's</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
 </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">(I expected speed problems etc) all with no result.........</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
 </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">1.37MHz in ......NOTHING out................</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
 </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">It was a sinple circuit : pin 8,13,15 to ground, VCC on 16, 1.37MHz on pin 14,</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
 </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">and output at pin 12...... so stupid simple, that it really is amazing that things are</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
 </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">not working.</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
&nbsp; <BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE><BR>
</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
Sorry to hear of your problems.&nbsp; Hope you'll decide to give it another try in time for the next LF season next September.<BR>
<BR>
For&nbsp; info:<BR>
<BR>
My site has 2 crystals 8.000MHz and 8.274MHz.&nbsp; <BR>
It also has the design for 2 VXO's using a two gates in a 4011 chip and a simple mixer and buffer using the remaining two. All of which can be put together in less than an hour.&nbsp; <BR>
<BR>
The 274kHz can be divided by 2 in a 4013 and then you can amplify with one 1 Euro FET for 25Watts or a set of four 5 Euro ones with a big PSU for 600 Watts.<BR>
<BR>
There's always a solution somewhere out there and frequently the reward enjoyed is proportional to the effort made.<BR>
<BR>
Good luck es hope to see you on the band next season.<BR>
<BR>
73<BR>
<BR>
David<BR>
<BR>
</FONT></HTML>

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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><HTML><FONT  SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">In a message dated 1/22/04 8:00:11 PM GMT Standard Time, knaap159@zonnet.nl writes:<BR>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE TYPE=CITE style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px">To give you some examples from problems I ran into:</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
&nbsp; <BR>
</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">No suitable X-tals to build VXO 's or something with an divider, so I decided</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
 </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">to build an VFO on 1.37MHz followed by an 4017 to divide by 10.</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
 </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">VFO worked perfect but the 10-diveder just wouldn't work!!!!</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
 </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">I spend hours and hours to get it running, tried several different IC's</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
 </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">(I expected speed problems etc) all with no result.........</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
 </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">1.37MHz in ......NOTHING out................</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
 </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">It was a sinple circuit : pin 8,13,15 to ground, VCC on 16, 1.37MHz on pin 14,</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
 </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">and output at pin 12...... so stupid simple, that it really is amazing that things are</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
 </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">not working.</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
&nbsp; <BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE><BR>
</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
Sorry to hear of your problems.&nbsp; Hope you'll decide to give it another try in time for the next LF season next September.<BR>
<BR>
For&nbsp; info:<BR>
<BR>
My site has 2 crystals 8.000MHz and 8.274MHz.&nbsp; <BR>
It also has the design for 2 VXO's using a two gates in a 4011 chip and a simple mixer and buffer using the remaining two. All of which can be put together in less than an hour.&nbsp; <BR>
<BR>
The 274kHz can be divided by 2 in a 4013 and then you can amplify with one 1 Euro FET for 25Watts or a set of four 5 Euro ones with a big PSU for 600 Watts.<BR>
<BR>
There's always a solution somewhere out there and frequently the reward enjoyed is proportional to the effort made.<BR>
<BR>
Good luck es hope to see you on the band next season.<BR>
<BR>
73<BR>
<BR>
David<BR>
<BR>
</FONT></HTML>

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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><HTML><FONT  SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">In a message dated 1/22/04 8:00:11 PM GMT Standard Time, knaap159@zonnet.nl writes:<BR>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE TYPE=CITE style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px">To give you some examples from problems I ran into:</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
&nbsp; <BR>
</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">No suitable X-tals to build VXO 's or something with an divider, so I decided</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
 </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">to build an VFO on 1.37MHz followed by an 4017 to divide by 10.</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
 </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">VFO worked perfect but the 10-diveder just wouldn't work!!!!</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
 </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">I spend hours and hours to get it running, tried several different IC's</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
 </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">(I expected speed problems etc) all with no result.........</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
 </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">1.37MHz in ......NOTHING out................</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
 </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">It was a sinple circuit : pin 8,13,15 to ground, VCC on 16, 1.37MHz on pin 14,</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
 </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">and output at pin 12...... so stupid simple, that it really is amazing that things are</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
 </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">not working.</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 PTSIZE=12 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
&nbsp; <BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE><BR>
</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
Sorry to hear of your problems.&nbsp; Hope you'll decide to give it another try in time for the next LF season next September.<BR>
<BR>
For&nbsp; info:<BR>
<BR>
My site has 2 crystals 8.000MHz and 8.274MHz.&nbsp; <BR>
It also has the design for 2 VXO's using a two gates in a 4011 chip and a simple mixer and buffer using the remaining two. All of which can be put together in less than an hour.&nbsp; <BR>
<BR>
The 274kHz can be divided by 2 in a 4013 and then you can amplify with one 1 Euro FET for 25Watts or a set of four 5 Euro ones with a big PSU for 600 Watts.<BR>
<BR>
There's always a solution somewhere out there and frequently the reward enjoyed is proportional to the effort made.<BR>
<BR>
Good luck es hope to see you on the band next season.<BR>
<BR>
73<BR>
<BR>
David<BR>
<BR>
</FONT></HTML>

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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><HTML><FONT  SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">Hello again.<BR>
<BR>
Thanks Jim / Michael / Andy for comments on the core saga.<BR>
<BR>
The final outcome is a strange one.&nbsp; <BR>
<BR>
As from Jan 2004 Ferroxcube are no longer colour coding their toroid products. Apparently the use of ISO9000 type procedures in keeping track of quality / sources and storage make the colour codes unnecessary.<BR>
<BR>
This means that if you order something direct then you should get the correct product.<BR>
However, once that quality assurance path is broken, you are on your own.<BR>
Not to mention that all the cores appear to be white.......which is the same colour as the 3C11 material pre and post Jan 2004. And it's not the best colour for radiating heat from the core.<BR>
<BR>
Thanks Ferroxcube. (must remember to take the L meter to more radio rallies in future)<BR>
<BR>
73<BR>
<BR>
David.&nbsp;&nbsp; (who does have some 58mm 3C90 cores after all) </FONT></HTML>

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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><HTML><FONT  SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
Forgot to mention, that although JT65 is intended for EME the Windows source code can also be downloaded for anyone who wants to adapt the programme for different uses.<BR>
<BR>
73<BR>
<BR>
David</FONT></HTML>

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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><HTML><FONT  SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">In a message dated 1/12/04 2:11:38 PM GMT Standard Time, Alan.Melia@btinternet.com writes:<BR>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE TYPE=CITE style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px">I think a lot of us were waiting and maybe<BR>
hoping for a "instant", real-time version. Then Alberto came along with<BR>
Jason as a keyboard decoded mode, and WOLF did not seem to progress.<BR>
(Stewart provided&nbsp; some adaptive code to improve the decoder in Alberto's<BR>
system)&nbsp; I also believe that WOLF is transmit as BPSK which generally<BR>
requires a linear PA. (Jason is an FSK mode so can use non-linear PAs)<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE><BR>
<BR>
On the subject of data modes.&nbsp; I notice there is a new version of the digital (multi tone) mode JT65. This is a weak signal coherent mode in which each station transmits for alternating 30 second periods under computer control.&nbsp; It's mainly used for EME communication and the signals are 'summed' with each successive TX period. After several 30 second periods a signal many dB into the noise slowly appears on the screen.<BR>
Although a tone based system, only one tone is transmitted at a time. This sugests that a class C D or E based amplifier could be used.&nbsp; Because the system is coherent both computers must run within 1 second of UTC. ( Use the free 'dimension 4' software to dialup and set your PC time to WWV etc) Frequency for the 'A' version must be set to better than 4Hz.<BR>
There are 3 versions of JT65 each with a different overall tone spacing hence different bandwidth. One version is 177Hz wide.<BR>
<BR>
JT65 is part of a suite of programmes called WSJT. (Weak Signals by&nbsp; W1JT)<BR>
<BR>
The download site at Princeton is given in the mail from Joe Taylor W1JT that I've copied below.<BR>
<BR>
73<BR>
<BR>
David&nbsp; G0MRF<BR>
<BR>
=========&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;   =============&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;      ============= <BR>
<BR>
<BR>
To:      Users of WSJT<BR>
Subject: Beta Release 4.3.3<BR>
Date:    December 31, 2003<BR>
From:    Joe Taylor, K1JT<BR>
<BR>
Dear Friends,<BR>
<BR>
Beta Release 4.3.3 of WSJT is now available for free download at <BR>
the WSJT home page, http://pulsar.princeton.edu/~joe/K1JT.  The <BR>
principal change from version 4.2.1 is to offer three JT65 <BR>
submodes.  The submodes differ in tone spacing and total <BR>
bandwidth as follows:<BR>
<BR>
    Mode   Spacing  Total BW<BR>
   -------------------------<BR>
   JT65A    2.7 Hz  177.6 Hz<BR>
   JT65B    5.4     355.3<BR>
   JT65C   10.8     710.6<BR>
<BR>
Note that JT65A is identical to the original JT65.  If you want <BR>
to work people who have not yet upgraded to v4.3.3, be sure to <BR>
select mode JT65A.  Otherwise, be sure to use the same mode that <BR>
your QSO partner is using.  Cross-mode contacts will not work.<BR>
<BR>
JT65B should be nearly as sensitive as JT65A, and it will be <BR>
twice as forgiving of frequency instabilities.  On balance, with <BR>
existing "stock" radios, JT65B will probably be better than <BR>
JT65A.  JT65C is less sensitive by a small amount, perhaps 1 dB, <BR>
but will be even more lenient on stability issues.  By all means <BR>
experiment with the different submodes, and be sure to let me <BR>
know your conclusions about them!<BR>
<BR>
I am presently inclined to recommend that JT65B should become the<BR>
"standard" JT65 mode.  If this tentative conclusion holds up, <BR>
future versions of the program may no longer support the A and C <BR>
modes.<BR>
<BR>
Other changes from version 4.2.1 include the following:<BR>
<BR>
1. Further improvements have been made to the JT65 decoding <BR>
algorithm. These improvements apply to all three submodes.  Some <BR>
wave files that would not decode with v4.2.1 now decode properly, <BR>
especially in averages over several minutes.<BR>
<BR>
2. The frequency width W of the sync tone (the "red spike") is <BR>
now measured and displayed in Hz after DF in the main text box. <BR>
In any of the three JT65 modes, W should be no more than 2-4 Hz <BR>
under good conditions.  Uncorrected frequency drifts, excessive <BR>
oscillator phase noise, and certain propagation effects can make <BR>
the width larger. Anything over about about 4 Hz will impair copy <BR>
in JT65A.  Similarly, widths greater than about 7 and 15 Hz will <BR>
begin to impair copy in JT65B and C, respectively.<BR>
<BR>
3. The utility program CWID.EXE now accepts lower case letters on <BR>
the command line.  It also permits you to specify the audio <BR>
frequency of the tone in the wave file.  You may wish to place <BR>
the tone at 600 Hz or lower so that it lies well below the tones <BR>
generated by any of the WSJT operating modes.<BR>
<BR>
4. The "Clip" function has been improved in several ways.  The <BR>
yellow and magenta curves in the Big Spectrum display no longer <BR>
disappear when Clip &gt; 0.  Setting Clip = 3 does hard clipping, as <BR>
before, but it also blanks out any data regions with average <BR>
power well above the "baseline" of the green curve. <BR>
Experimenting with different values of Clip may help you to <BR>
recover good copy from noisy data.<BR>
<BR>
5. I believe that the text window displays in Monitor mode, and <BR>
when you are using the Include/Exclude buttons, nor function <BR>
correctly.<BR>
<BR>
6. Minor bug fixes: the program no longer crashes in EME Echo <BR>
mode if you select "EME Calc | Load | Cancel".  The correct "S" <BR>
value is listed on the status bar in JT6M mode.<BR>
<BR>
7. The program's "Fit and finish" is improved in several not very<BR>
important ways.<BR>
<BR>
As usual, I will appreciate receiving email with comments, <BR>
suggestions, etc., about this new release of WSJT.<BR>
<BR>
                -- 73, Joe, K1JT<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
</FONT></HTML>

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In a message dated 1/11/2004 12:30:03 PM Eastern Standard Time, dj9dw@t-online.de writes:

> nonconducting side. Eather a steady current and heat on the 
> FET's or by
> adding a cap from D to G.

This may be a mistake, but please remember you may have peaks to 200V on the drains and a limit of 20V (ish) on the gates. Any capacitor as suggested will destroy the devices in an instant.
I have seen a few 'mods' including a zobel network i.e. a capacitor and resistor in series between drain and ground. This does de-Q the circuit quite well. Changes in value of the normal drain to ground 10nF will have some effect but it's likely to change any resonant frequency without reducing the Q or the total peak voltage. Bob G8RW ran his unit at over 300W and had installed 'transorbs' that conducted just below the max drain limit of the FETs. However, Bob's just had a single peak at the switch on / off points and not the 'ringing' described here. It may be worth looking at the T94-2 core / decoupling caps as well if ringing is at 1MHz+ 

73

David  G0MRF


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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><HTML><FONT  SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">Hello Group.<BR>
<BR>
After a 4 month wait I've received a batch of 58mm cores claiming to be 3C90, but according to the catalogue they have the wrong colour code. These are white (pos 3C11) not blue/white for 3C90.<BR>
<BR>
The way to confirm is to calculate the Al value and compare to the data on 3C90 3C85 3C11 etc materials. Unfortunately 3C90 is not listed in my old data book.<BR>
<BR>
I've measured the inductance of a 21 turn winding at 1.43mH. <BR>
Using&nbsp; L = Al x N squared, this suggests an Al value of 3249.<BR>
<BR>
Is this a good figure for 3C90?&nbsp; It does seem far too low for 3C11 (5000+)<BR>
Perhaps they've changed the colour code again?<BR>
<BR>
73<BR>
<BR>
David&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; G0MRF<BR>
</FONT></HTML>

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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><HTML><FONT  SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">test</FONT></HTML>

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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><HTML><FONT  SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">Hello group.<BR>
<BR>
Just a brief note to say that I've just received a delivery of 3C90 toroids.<BR>
<BR>
58mm for high power and the smaller 25mm.<BR>
<BR>
I've not used the 58mm in this material before so I'll check over the next couple of weeks to ensure it does have a similar characteristic to the old 3C85. The 58mm cores in the older material would comfortably handle 800 Watts.&nbsp; Price details are on kits page of my web site.<BR>
<BR>
73 es HNY<BR>
<BR>
David&nbsp;&nbsp; G0MRF&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <A HREF="www.g0mrf.freeserve.co.uk">www.g0mrf.freeserve.co.uk</A><BR>
</FONT></HTML>

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References: <6.0.1.1.2.20040129133740.036bcc40@POP3.freeler.nl> <Pine.OSF.4.56.0401300830590.18011@plato.ucs.mun.ca> <6.0.1.1.2.20040130133028.02f11dc0@POP3.freeler.nl>
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Hello Dick

Your signal was clearly audible at S5 to 6 all the time. You said:
-------------------------------
I have been trying to copy VO1NA's signal during several nights. Though
there were traces of his signal at the beginning of the night and also
around dawn, none were good enough for a QSO.

---------------------------------

Although I have had some very good 'grabs' of Joe's signal, particularly at
dawn I don't seem to get as good a signal levels as further north. It might
be a signals to noise thing with the noise cause by the Loran sidebands from
Lessay

Anyway, congratulations at getting such a good signal into VO1

Regards,
Peter, G3LDO





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Joe Craig said:

> Peter Jim and Group,
>
> Thank-you for the entertainment tonight.  Just finished
> reading the email and now having a wee nip to celebrate LF TA #3.
> Will run the beacon until dawn.

I didn't plan to be on last night. The weather guesser predicted snow
blizzards.
Went to guitar class and didn't get back until 2300 and the weather was
cold, still and dry - ideal for transmitting. Raised the folding antenna in
the dark and transmitted part of my call. Switched to receive and saw Joe
readability M. Transmitted again then went back to receive and read my
report and sent acknowledgment.
I have been getting much better reports from Joe over the last few days at
around 0700 but the peak is short lived.  This is a different pattern from
previous years when TA signals often peaked before 2359hrs.

Regards,
Peter, G3LDO







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 Jim, M0BMU said
>

> Dear Joe, Peter, LF Group,
>
> VO1NA currently "O" copy here - giving 'LDO an "O" report. See attachment.
>

Jim, you getting better copy than I am here - I am receiving only M but I
did get my O report.

This was a random QSO but not as good as yours last October

QSO still in progress!

Regards,
Peter, G3LDO

e-mail <g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk>





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References: <005401c3e2ad$3d2d3ba0$6507a8c0@Main> <Pine.OSF.4.56.0401251406200.12977@plato.ucs.mun.ca> <000a01c3e404$c3453280$fec428c3@erica> <Pine.OSF.4.56.0401260952010.11038@plato.ucs.mun.ca>
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Will transmit at 0030 for 30 mins on 135.921 QRSS30

Peter G3LDO



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Joe VO1NA said
>
> Thanks for the report from Peter and the ARGO grabs from Brian.
> It seems the poor conditions are not affecting reception too
> seriously.
>
Will be looking for you. Conditions this year have been disappointing
compared with previous years.

I will transmit for a while before hitting the sack, 135.921 QRSS30

Regards,
Peter, G3LDO

e-mail <g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk>

Web <http://web.ukonline.co.uk/g3ldo>




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Hi Joe
>
> After trudging up the hill with snow shoes and my axe,
> convincing three trees to relinqish one of the 100 metre
> wires comprising my LF aerial and reconnecting everything,
> the aerial is back to its orginal form.
>
> The TX will be on again tonight/tomorrow morning on 137.777 kHz
> QRSS30.
>

The antenna work paid off. A clear ident from you received at around 0530
and faded over a period of less than an hour.

Peter G3LDO



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Sending a short (0ne hour or so) transmission QRSS30 135.920.5

Conditions not good but local weather here is ideal for transmitting

Peter G3LDO



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Watched an excellent program on BBC2 TV tonight. A dramatic reconstruction
of the first radio signals across the Atlantic by Marconi and his team.
Technical details very good - the guys at the transmitting end had cotton
wool in their ears to protect them from the noise caused by the arcs!
A lot of problems at the receive end. The kite supporting the antenna was at
500ft and several kites were wreaked before the esential three dots were
heard.

Peter, G3LDO




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> Started watching at 2345.
>
> John Andrews

I had forgotten that Ed, RU6LA said he would be beaconing from the big
vertical.

There is a strong signal at about .923 but my Argo is set at the wrong speed
to identify it.

I will close my transmitter down after it has finished sending my call in
case local stations want to monitor RU6LA.

Peter G3LDO



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Making a test transmission on 135.921kHz QRSS30 now

Peter G3LDO



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Rik, ON4YD said
-----------------------------------
It is an "idée fixe" that a horizontal wire must radiate a horizontal
polarized EM-wave.
A nice example of a mechanical horizontal construction that radiates a
vertical polarized signal is the DDRR antenna.
So a large horizontal topload close to ground will in most cases improve the
antenna efficiency (reduce the loss resistance ... footprint theory) but the
radiated signal will be nevertheless mainly vertical polarized.
----------------------------------

Very true.
Some years ago I modelled my LF antenna with losses introduced based on
measured parameters.
My antenna showed a gain of -23dBi. The 3D pattern showed a half doughnut
with a -22dBi vertical null.  Maximum radiation was indicated at 12 degrees.
Polarisation was totally vertical.

I then modelled OH1TN's antenna comprising a 500m wire, 28m high. This
antenna showed a gain of 16dBi, which was based on average ground - the
'real world' parameters were not known. This antenna showed a broad
elevation gain of 16 to 70degrees with no doughnut dip in the centre. In
spite of this there was no detectable horizontal polarisation radiation.
Judging by signal reports this antenna (and QTH) is exceptionally good as a
receiving site.

I made a rectangle DDRR antenna for 14MHz for mobile use - it looked like a
roof rack. This indicated a small degree of vertical polarisation but this
may have been radiating from the vehicle itself.

Regards,
Peter, G3LDO





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> XDW on 0235z @ 2.5A - heavy hoar frost on array
> 
> Laurence
> kl1x
> 137,77355 dot 60 xdw

Nothing seen at all

Regards, 
Peter, G3LDO





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Received an N and part of an A. At the moment condx too poor and unstable
for a QSO at this time.
Switching over to receive on .77355

Peter LDO



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Marcus said

"We will have to watch both bands to avoid stepping on each others toes.
Frequencies already active during the warmup phase were 921.5, 922.1/.2,
922.5/.7, 923.35/.65 (but I won't give away call signs this time ;-)"

I am set up on 920.5

Peter LDO



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Hi Laurence
>
> KL1X/WD2XDW will be closing down from Anchorage on  this Tuesday 6th Jan
> 1700Z. The Rhon 45 tower will be taken down this week if the winds abate.
> The beacon will be on later this evening from appx 0100Z for the last
night
> of receiving and transmitter periods. (Also listening Lowfer band too).

Rather sad that you are leaving Alaska but you have had a longer innings
than expected. Your experimental work on LF has been an inspiration to us
all.
I am sure that I can speak for all the EU LF guys in wishing you and Sheri
all the best at your new QTH.

I really would like to try and receive WD2XDW before you go so it will be a
maximum effort tonight monitoring .77355. I think Joe's announcement will
result in a lot of LF RF from EU tonight!

Regards

Peter & Erica









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Hi Joe


> Thanks Peter, G3LDO for pointing out that I left out the my TX mode.
> I'll be running QRSS CW dot 20 and watching dot 60 to start. If
> condx are OK will try dot 20 RX.  It takes just under half an hour
> to send "VO1NA K"  at dot 20.  After this I'll RX for half an hour.

Argo ideally should be set approximately for the dot length expected. If set
at dot 30 it should be able to read dot 20 and even dot 60 with some loss in
sigs/noise. It would also give a window, centred on 135.22 of 135.919 to
135.925, which might be useful. You might have a lot of customers after your
announcement. Even if you don't make a T/A QSO it would be interesting to
see how many signals you see.


Regards,
Peter, G3LDO








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Hi Joe

>
> Alan G3NYK is predicting favourable condx for possible QSO's
> so starting at 2300 tonight, I'll  TX 137.777 kHz and
> RX 135.922 kHz +- 1.5 Hz starting 2330.  Will
> repeat this at 0000 and activate beacon if no QSO.
>
> Good signals have been received from CT1DRP, PA0SE, DF6NM
> on a 15 turn 5 foot square loop.
>
The frequency width of your listening window implies that you will be using
60s dots. If you are using QRSS60 it will take over an hour to send your
call. Using DFCW it will take less than half that time. What mode are you
considering using?

Regards,
Peter, G3LDO





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Just a trace of a signal on Laurence's frequency at around 0800 this
morning.

 Peter LDO



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Markus, DF6NM, said

-------------------------------------------------
at 23:20 UT, the following stations were seen on air:

135923.45/.55  CT1DRP dfcw 60s  ~-3dBľV/m
135922.50/.70  DK1IS dfcw 150s  36dBľV/m
135922.2/.3  DF6NM dfcw 60+20s (starting 23:40, 0.1Hz lower than yesterday)
135921.93  PA0SE qrss 120s  ~13dBľV/m
135921.52  SM6BHZ  qrss 60s  18dBľV/m
135920.86  DJ8WX qrss 30s  ~10dBľV/m
135919.75  DJ2LF qrss 60s  42dBľV/m
--------------------------------------------------------

All signals seen here, some very strong - looks like a snowball fight!
Going into listening/looking mode tonight around 137.77kHz.

My TS-850 has died and am using the IC-705. With the larger resonated
transmitting antenna it seems reasonably sensitive and more stable than the
standard 850.

Good luck to the transmitting group.

Regards,
Peter, G3LDO








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Markus, DF6NM said:
-----------------------------------
Before midnight UT, Peter joined in, and DJ8WO came back on a new QRG:

135923.13 G3LDO qrss 60s (14dBľV/m qsb)
135922.3/.4 DF6NM  dfcw 60s/20s (~170mW EMRP)
135921.89 PA0SE  qrss 60s  (~13dBľV/m qsb)
135920.86 DJ8WO qrss 30s (13dBľV/m)
------------------------------------

Congratulations to Markus and Laurence for the transmission and reception of
dfcw signals on 135.92kHz. Quite an achievement with such a low ERP.

My frequency checks.
My DDS unit read 135.923.
My 6667 Philips frequency counter said 135.923.1. This dropped to 135.922.9
at the end of the transmission due to shack temperature rise.
This agrees well with the images from Jay and John. Laurence's frequency
shows 423.05, which means, I guess, 135.923.05 (a closer setting of the
receiver to the actual received signal).
Many thanks for the pictures.

Regards,
Peter, G3LDO

e-mail <g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk>











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Vester@aol.com
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Sent: Saturday, January 03, 2004 12:20 AM
Subject: LF: TA beaconing update

Markus said:

----------------------------------

Before midnight UT, Peter joined in, and DJ8WO came back on a new QRG:

135923.13 G3LDO qrss 60s (14dBľV/m qsb)
135922.3/.4 DF6NM  dfcw 60s/20s (~170mW EMRP)
135921.89 PA0SE  qrss 60s  (~13dBľV/m qsb)
135920.86 DJ8WO qrss 30s (13dBľV/m)
----------------------------------

I had taken part of my Decca transmitter apart to take some photos. When I
put it back together this evening I noticed a lot of activity from EU so
decided to fire the transmitter up.
The night is fine and dry with a sharp frost. Ideal for my fold-over
antenna. The power supply is struggling with long transmissions of QRSS60
but I think I will leave it on following encouraging e-mails.
Must go to bed - it is 0130, past my bedtime!

Peter LDO







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Mike, PC4M said
-----------------------------------
Does the computer calculate the earth losses in the return path from the
aerial system to the transmitter? If it would then the earth losses in a T
should have been significantly less then the L alternative. There are two
separate return currents
(parallel resistance) and each with a smaller physical length (lower
R-earth)  in a T system resulting in more ERP if compared to an L system.
-----------------------------------

In the early days of LF experimenting we all thought Ts and Ls from
available LF commercial knowledge. It soon became apparent that for a
suburban QTH the shape of the antenna was unimportant. The trick seemed to
be to put up as much wire covering the greatest area and as high as
possible.
John, G4JVC had a long wire running the length of the garden, 3m high at the
feed end and 12m high at the other. With this antenna and a TS-850 he was
able to hear a lot of DX that we couldn't (he was the first to hear OH5TN).
All very electrically small antennas have the same half doughnut shaped 3-D
polar diagram on a computer model. Ground parameters have a huge effect on
small LF antenna performances so I guess they must compute return path
losses.

Regards,
Peter, G3LDO

e-mail <g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk>








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From: "G4WGT - Gary" <g4wgt@talkgas.net>
To: "Rsgb_Lf_Group" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Date: Sat, 31 Jan 2004 13:46:03 -0000
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Hi all at LF,

Can anyone advise me regarding using an external vfo on the 300 w
transmitter external vfo option. Has anyone used this feature? Connecting to
the external vfo input pin produces no output. I have just built the KG6CYN
DDS VFO offered by the G-QRP CLUB.

Output: Buffered 1 Vpp into 50 Ohms for 50KHz to 40 MHz - Non Buffered
Output also provided.

The original can be found at http://www.qsl.net/kg6cyn/DDS_Project.htm

Similar e-mail to David direct.

Thanks & 73

Gary - G4WGT



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From: "G4WGT - Gary" <g4wgt@talkgas.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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Subject: LF: RE: 137 kHz project......Handy cost-saving tip
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN class=744475415-24012004>Hi Jim 
&amp; LF,</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=744475415-24012004></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN class=744475415-24012004>I am 
using a core from a VGA computer monitor scanning coil yoke for the core in my 
LF antenna matching transformer wound with 2.5 mm mains wire&nbsp;with 10 turns 
primary&nbsp;&amp; 20 turns secondary&nbsp;&nbsp;(tapped every other turn from 
turn 10),&nbsp;for matching to the loading coil &amp; antenna&nbsp;&amp; seems 
to work ok .</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=744475415-24012004></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=744475415-24012004>73</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=744475415-24012004></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN class=744475415-24012004>Gary - 
G4WGT</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=ltr style="MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV class=OutlookMessageHeader dir=ltr align=left><FONT face=Tahoma 
  size=2>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B> 
  owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org 
  [mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org]<B>On Behalf Of </B>James 
  Moritz<BR><B>Sent:</B> 24 January 2004 00:40<BR><B>To:</B> 
  rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org<BR><B>Subject:</B> LF: 137 kHz project......Handy 
  cost-saving tip<BR><BR></FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Dear Dick, LF Group,</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Thinking of cheap sources of ferrite, I have used 
  the cores from old computer monitor line output transformers for some time for 
  supression purposes - but the type of ferrite they are made from is very 
  similar to the 3C8/3C85/3C90 grades often used on LF PA circuits.</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Cheers, Jim Moritz</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73 de M0BMU</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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From: "G4WGT - Gary" <g4wgt@talkgas.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN class=328091220-21012004>Hi to 
Mal &amp; LF Group,</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=328091220-21012004></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN class=328091220-21012004>What 
Mal has said reminds me of when I used to do TV repairs in the days of VALVES 
(before solid state). A TV which I had on the bench monitoring for a fault must 
have had a faulty power supply electrolytic cap or had gone&nbsp;over-voltage on 
the supply rail, the cap had&nbsp;got very hot &amp; exploded &amp; the metal 
case of the cap fired like a mortor shell &amp; burst half way thro' the top of 
the&nbsp;wooden cabinet (and yes it was real wood, not chipboard like today). I 
hate to think of the fact that I had been peering in the thing a few minutes 
before.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=328091220-21012004></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=328091220-21012004>73</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=328091220-21012004></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN class=328091220-21012004>Gary - 
G4WGT</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=ltr style="MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV class=OutlookMessageHeader dir=ltr align=left><FONT face=Tahoma 
  size=2>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B> 
  owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org 
  [mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org]<B>On Behalf Of </B>hamilton 
  mal<BR><B>Sent:</B> 21 January 2004 14:53<BR><B>To:</B> 
  rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org<BR><B>Subject:</B> LF: SOFT 
  START<BR><BR></FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>&nbsp;Most Amateurs&nbsp;that I have spoken to do 
  not realize the danger involved. One of the bean 
  can&nbsp;size&nbsp;electrolytics 200 mfd&nbsp;capacity exploding would be like 
  firing a mortar, probably demolish the house in some cases.</FONT><FONT 
  face=Arial size=2></FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73 de Mal/G3KEV</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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From: "G4WGT - Gary" <g4wgt@talkgas.net>
To: "Rsgb_Lf_Group" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Date: Sat, 17 Jan 2004 13:29:02 -0000
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Hi All at LF,

Monitoring with Spectrum Lab QRS10 started at 2315 gmt saw G3LDO (135,921)
very strong and first capture at about 0045 gmt showing RU6LA (135,922.5
according to my screen using Peter's signal as reference) signal faint but
fully visible & complete alongside G3LDO (very strong & dog-bone effect),
RU6LA signals came up quite strong from about 0120 gmt & all through the
night until fading started at 0545 gmt but still good complete visible
signals until about 0610 then nothing after that (possibly end of
transmission). Later just after 0730 gmt saw complete signals from CT1DRP
(DFCW about 135,923.5)on my last capture but still strong signals up to
almost 1040 gmt when monitoring live, nothing more after 1045 gmt (possibly
end of transmission).

73

Gary - G4WGT.



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From: "G4WGT - Gary" <g4wgt@talkgas.net>
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04/01/2004 14:19:22, "hamilton mal" <g3kev.ham@virgin.net> wrote:

>My suggestion is to use the mast as a support for a vertical arrangement.
>Connect all horizontal wires regardless of configuration together at the top
>of your 14 metre mast and use a vertical drop lead to connect to your
>loading/matching coil. ie a top loaded vertical. Keep the drop wire about 1
>metre out and away from the mast, the wire does not have to be exactly
>vertical pull it out at the bottom end about 2 metres.  I am assuming your
>mast is earthed, if not use the mast as the vertical radiator with the top
>wires connected directly to it at the top and feed the bottom end of mast to
>the loading coil. Resonate the coil for your preferred frequency on 136 khz
>and use a smaller coil at he bottom feed end in series to earth as a 50 ohm
>matching device. Earth the coax braid and tap the coax centre conductor up a
>few turns from earth to get the perfect match. A small call is preferable to
>get an accurate match, tapping up the large coil from the bottom is too
>coarse.
>Hope this helps you but maybe you know all of this already hi
>73 de Mal/G3KEV

Hi Mal,
Thanks for your reply & comments, most of the info I am already aware of, I was just 
considering wether to feed at the centre of the inverted V (bow tie shape) or at one end of 
the inverted V. I know its probably a case of "suck it & see" never-the-less I do appreciate 
any-ones comments on the matter.

At the moment I am matching the coil with a transformer wound on a TV scan coil core with 
10 turns pri & 20 turns tapped on sec & it gives me 1 : 1 match as far as my equipment 
shows.

73

Gary - G4WGT





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<DIV><SPAN class=319102107-22012004><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2>Hi 
Dick,</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=319102107-22012004><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff 
size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial><FONT color=#0000ff><FONT size=2><SPAN 
class=319102107-22012004>L3/L4 is a step up transformer. Normaly the TDA 2030 
have 4-8 Ohm output impedance. You must look for an toroid with very high 
permeability (2000 and more) and make an L3:L4 = 1:3 transformer (in my case 11 
turns primary:33turns secondary) whitch is 1:9 im</SPAN>p<SPAN 
class=319102107-22012004>edance transformer.</SPAN></FONT></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial><FONT color=#0000ff><FONT size=2><SPAN 
class=319102107-22012004></SPAN></FONT></FONT></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial><FONT color=#0000ff><FONT size=2><SPAN 
class=319102107-22012004>73 de Rich OM2TW</SPAN></FONT></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial><FONT color=#0000ff><FONT 
size=2></FONT></FONT></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial><FONT color=#0000ff><FONT size=2><SPAN 
class=319102107-22012004>&nbsp;</SPAN></FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT face=Tahoma 
size=2>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B> Dick 
[mailto:knaap159@zonnet.nl]<BR><B>Sent:</B> Wednesday, January 21, 2004 8:35 
PM<BR><B>To:</B> rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org<BR><B>Subject:</B> LF: TDA2030 
amplifier by OM2TW<BR><BR></DIV></FONT>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=ltr style="MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hello all,</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>As I haven't OM2TW's emailadress right now, I'll 
  ask here.</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I found an pdf.drawing of the TDA2030 amplifier 
  giving 5Watts or so on 136kHz.</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>however, at hte output stage there are two coils 
  L3/L4 (ouput transformer) with no</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>further details mentioned.</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Can anyone help me with detailed info about the 
  value/or how to construct these coils?</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Also some uncertainty about C21 and C22, are they 
  elco's or normal C's????</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73 Dick, pa4vhf</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>(now probably first try to create QRP in an easy 
  way.......)</FONT></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Gasparik Richard" <Richard.Gasparik@siemens.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Date: Mon, 19 Jan 2004 18:00:58 +0100
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Subject: LF: RE: Re: AC feeder...
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Yes, this is idea. But there are lights and they can't be switched off
(there are not fuses, fuser are 500m away on the TX site...hi).

Rich

-----Original Message-----
From: Alan Melia [mailto:Alan.Melia@btinternet.com]
Sent: Monday, January 19, 2004 5:01 PM
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Subject: LF: Re: AC feeder...


Hi Rich, it may be right off and impossible ( I am not a BC engineer !! or a
power engineer) But would it be possible to put a capacitor in parallel with
the light-feed chokes to parallel tune them to nearer 136kHz and increase
their impedance to that frequency ?? Flames accepted if that is a silly
idea. !! It would need to be a high voltage rated cap of course.

Cheers de Alan G3NYK
alan.melia@btinternet.com

----- Original Message -----
From: "Gasparik Richard" <Richard.Gasparik@siemens.com>
To: "Rsgb_Lf_Group (E-mail)" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: 19 January 2004 15:36
Subject: LF: AC feeder...


> Here is the feeding of AC through the RF line...inside the feeder....very
> well coupling...
>
> Rich OM2TW
>  <<chokes_2.JPG>>
>



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From: "Gasparik Richard" <Richard.Gasparik@siemens.com>
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Subject: LF: AC feeder...
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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
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Here is the feeding of AC through the RF line...inside the feeder....very
well coupling...

Rich OM2TW
 <<chokes_2.JPG>> 

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From: "Gasparik Richard" <Richard.Gasparik@siemens.com>
To: "Rsgb_Lf_Group \(E-mail\)" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Date: Mon, 19 Jan 2004 16:35:12 +0100
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Subject: LF: Re: test failed....
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Here are chokes for AC/RF insulation...

Rich OM2TW
 <<chokes.JPG>> 

--------------050504010209060105010709
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From: "Gasparik Richard" <Richard.Gasparik@siemens.com>
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Subject: RE: LF: Test failed...
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Hi Rik and others...

After I discuss this problems with Bob OK2BVG and we found the problem. The
tower itsefs is DC isolated, but...on the tower are 4 lihgts (2x in 70m and
2x in 135m) powered by 410m of twisted-pair cable. So, this is total 820m of
wire well cupled with the antenna. This antenna has been on air for about 20
year on the frequency 1097kHz. The filters are designed for this frequency
and have a very low reactance on 136kHz. Any idea?

73 de Rich OM2TW


-----Original Message-----
From: Rik Strobbe [mailto:rik.strobbe@fys.kuleuven.ac.be]
Sent: Monday, January 19, 2004 2:58 PM
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Subject: Re: LF: Test failed...


Hello Rich,

According to MMAMA the antenna capacitance should be something like 2.7nF, 
thus a loadingcoil of +/- 500uH would be needed.
I assume that at least one of the variometers covered this range.

It is a wild guess, but maybe the power is "DC grounded" using a coil from 
the antenna base to ground. If this coil is dimensioned for a much higher 
frequency (MF) it can cause rather strange effects on LF.
Eg. :
Assume the original use of the tower was a lambda/4 antenna at MF, for a 
135 m tower that would be +/- 550 kHz.
Antenna impedance (at 550kHz) would be +/- 36 Ohm, so "good engineering" 
would require a DC path to ground (for safety) with a Z of at least 10 
times the antenna impedance = 360 Ohm. At 550 kHz this would mean a +/- 100 
uH inductor.
So, instead of seeing the antenna as a 2.7nF capacitor to ground it should 
be seen as a L-C parallel circuit (100 uH // 2.7 nF).
Or in terms of reactances (at 136 kHz) : +j85 Ohm // -j433 Ohm = +j106 Ohm 
(= +/- 124 uH at 136 kHz).
To get the antenna tuned (brought to resonance) you would need a series 
capacitor (not inductor !) with a reactance of -j106 Ohm at 136 kHz = +/- 
11 nF.
This kind of tuning will also cause impedance transformation :
If the resistive component (radiation resistance + loss) is 20 Ohm it will 
be transformed to 1.2 Ohm and the "system Q" will rise from 22 to 108 
(making tuning rather critical).

73, Rik  ON7YD

>We will try tu tune the antenna with your help, if anybody can help me. 
>I'll be very happy.
>I'll give you all necessary datas:
>
>Vertical is 135m high with 170cm in diameter (no cap hat), there are 120
>radials in range from the base and 50m, after that are 240 radials between
>range 50-130m. Each radial is from 6mm Cu wire about 30cm under the ground
>level. Ground conductivity is 14,3mS.



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Message-ID: <C75A388845B4B54B9CF5E2ADB589B0E3031AEFDE@btss.siemens-pse.sk>
From: "Gasparik Richard" <Richard.Gasparik@siemens.com>
To: "'Rsgb_Lf_Group \(E-mail\)'" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Date: Mon, 19 Jan 2004 13:14:18 +0100
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Subject: LF: Test failed...
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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
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Hi LF-ers...

Here is a small story from our expedition. At 1400 local time we were on
site. WX was good and we start tuning the antenna. Receiving problems has
been solved very quickly and we heard DFC39 extremly strong, the same SVX.
But after we key the TX, we found problem. It was realy problem to tune
antenna. I don't know why. We tried to do it until 2200 local time with 3
coils and 3 variometers from 200uH until 2mH and still nothing. We called to
Peter OK1FIG and Bob OK2BVG for the help, but still nothing. We measure some
current, but very very low. I was absolutely sad. We have now a possibility
to operate from this site for some days during the daytime. We will try tu
tune the antenna with your help, if anybody can help me. I'll be very happy.
I'll give you all necessary datas:

Vertical is 135m high with 170cm in diameter (no cap hat), there are 120
radials in range from the base and 50m, after that are 240 radials between
range 50-130m. Each radial is from 6mm Cu wire about 30cm under the ground
level. Ground conductivity is 14,3mS.

Best regards...enjoy LF...

73 de Rich OM2TW

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--------------030303010600020200000301--

From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Gasparik Richard" <Richard.Gasparik@siemens.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Date: Wed, 14 Jan 2004 15:56:06 +0100
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Subject: RE: LF: RE: Key in QRS??
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DX4WIN, WriteLog, CT by K1EA and other programs using following interface:

Pin numbers from the LPT DB25 male connector:
Pin1 = CW keying (Strobe signal)
Pin16 = PTT (Init signal)

73 de Rich OM2TW


-----Original Message-----
From: Rik Strobbe [mailto:rik.strobbe@fys.kuleuven.ac.be]
Sent: Wednesday, January 14, 2004 3:49 PM
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Subject: Re: LF: RE: Key in QRS??


Hello Ed and Rich,

Implementing a fast CW keyer with all the goodies such as variable speed, 
memo etc.. is not a simple task.
So far I stayed away from this as I believed that there is plenty of fast 
CW software available and there is no need of re-inventing the wheel.

A much simpler task however is to change the configuration of the LPT  (or 
COM) port in QRS, to make it identical to DX4WIN or whatever is your 
favorite fast CW software.
Just let me know what pins are used (for key and for PTT) ...

73, Rik ON7YD

>Good idea. I have 2 interfaces build (for CW and also for QRSS) and
switched
>by LPT switch. For CW I'm using internal keyer from logging program DX4WIN
>and QRSS with QRS (ON7YD). Problem is that both are working on LPT, but
>intrefaces are not identical.
>
>Rich OM2TW
>
>Btw, all HW is ready for expedition to the 135m high tower, weather is very
>good, snow is melting away. We will be QRV direct from PI-match under the
>antenna.
>
>
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From: Ed Lesnichy [mailto:ed@dx.ru]
>Sent: Wednesday, January 14, 2004 5:17 PM
>To: Rik Strobbe
>Subject: LF: Key in QRS??
>
>
>Dear Rik,
>
>I for a field/DXpedition conditions should carry an external electronic key
>or ordinary key for realization CW QSOs. Such external key to me should be
>connected to TX.
>
>It would be convenient to have a key(from PC's keyboard) in QRS.
>A keyboard's key in the program have all contest-programs.
>Hot  key  is  standart:  ALT-K for enable/disable keyboard CW mode and
>open/close small window, and ALT-V for set(Vary) CW speed.
>All external connections PC - TX already are in PC(QRS)- TX
>
>Whether probably such to add internal keyboard's key in next QRS's
>versions and under same interface (as for QRSS) via COM/LPT?
>
>TNX for QRS!
>
>73! Ed RU6LA  ed@dx.ru  http://136.73.ru
>
>P.S. Do you received my special QSL-card?



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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-----Original Message-----
From: Marek SQ5BPM [mailto:sq5bpm@wp.pl]
Sent: Wednesday, January 14, 2004 2:33 PM
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Subject: LF: Re: new here..little introduction


> Sofar I haven't seen any reports of interference caused by 136kHz
> stations to consumers electronic devices.
> Wonder how serious is the possibility of interfering in audio-equipement
> in the neighbourhood??

Hi all,

The only interference we found in our club was with our remote HF antenna
switching equipment: LEDs connected to long, ca. 40m long cables going to
remote relays glow during the transmission. These are probably not fully
decoupled from RF, but this is not at all annoying, even better, this gives
a visual sign of the transmitted signal HI.

Additionally there is one rotor controller's "mouse" which is easy to get
interferred by LF as well as HF. It has it's cable unshielded and connected
straight to the uP inside the controller, so this is normal.

Apart of that there is no known interference in our club and it's
surrounding caused by LF at all. Which unfortunately cannot be said about
higher frequencies, which easily get into audio & TV equipment ca. 100-150m
around the club... 25W of average power ATV on 70cm makes visual "ghosts" on
other TV signals. 50W on 50MHz or 144MHz usually causes a total "blackout"
in our closest neighbours' TVs, don't ask what happens if we transmit using
a little more power. HF causes interference only above ca. 250W, most
problematic being the highest HF bands.

However 400W of input power on 136kHz makes zero interference.

===

I will try to be active on LF this weekend at last, starting on Friday. It
takes me more than an hour to prepare the TX and antenna plus QRSS QSOs are
time-consuming so I must be certain I have at least a few hours of spare
time, if I want to get active...

73! Marek SQ5BPM
SP5ZCC Scouts Radio Club



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Good idea. I have 2 interfaces build (for CW and also for QRSS) and switched
by LPT switch. For CW I'm using internal keyer from logging program DX4WIN
and QRSS with QRS (ON7YD). Problem is that both are working on LPT, but
intrefaces are not identical.

Rich OM2TW

Btw, all HW is ready for expedition to the 135m high tower, weather is very
good, snow is melting away. We will be QRV direct from PI-match under the
antenna.

 

-----Original Message-----
From: Ed Lesnichy [mailto:ed@dx.ru]
Sent: Wednesday, January 14, 2004 5:17 PM
To: Rik Strobbe
Subject: LF: Key in QRS??


Dear Rik,

I for a field/DXpedition conditions should carry an external electronic key
or ordinary key for realization CW QSOs. Such external key to me should be
connected to TX.

It would be convenient to have a key(from PC's keyboard) in QRS.
A keyboard's key in the program have all contest-programs.
Hot  key  is  standart:  ALT-K for enable/disable keyboard CW mode and
open/close small window, and ALT-V for set(Vary) CW speed.
All external connections PC - TX already are in PC(QRS)- TX

Whether probably such to add internal keyboard's key in next QRS's
versions and under same interface (as for QRSS) via COM/LPT?

TNX for QRS!

73! Ed RU6LA  ed@dx.ru  http://136.73.ru

P.S. Do you received my special QSL-card?



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From: "Gasparik Richard" <Richard.Gasparik@siemens.com>
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Hi Joe,

I which mode/speed you received DJ8WX?

Rich OM2TW

-----Original Message-----
From: Joe Craig [mailto:jcraig@mun.ca]
Sent: Tuesday, January 13, 2004 12:28 PM
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Subject: LF: TA 13 Jan


Just a trace of CT1DRP on 2fcw but very strong sigs from DJ8WX.

Joe VO1NA




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From: "Gasparik Richard" <Richard.Gasparik@siemens.com>
To: "Rsgb_Lf_Group \(E-mail\)" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
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Hi LF-ers...

1400-2130Z - TRX CW mostly, some QRSS/DFCW3 (still no skeds)
2130-2200Z - TX CQ in DFCW20 on 135.923 (dot 135.922.75) for VO1NA, CT1DRP,
etc
2200-2230Z - RX QRSS20 on 137.777 for VO1NA, CT1DRP, etc
If no QSO, than this procedure repeat every hour untill morning 0600Z
If yes, we will beaconing untill 0600Z.
0600-1200Z - TRX on CW and QRSS/DFCW3 (still no skeds)

If you want sked with me, please let me know, because we will be QRV only 22
hours maximum.

We will have internet during the trip, look for us via E-mail:
om2tw@nextra.sk or via phone +421 903 416609 (SMS).

73 de Rich OM2TW


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From: "Gasparik Richard" <Richard.Gasparik@siemens.com>
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Hi Eric,

I'll operate from near BC station which is about 6 months QRT and it will be
destroyed this year. This is the last chance to be QRV from that site. I'll
send you some pictures of course. 

73 de Rich OM2TW

-----Original Message-----
From: Eric KD5UWL [mailto:eric@willow.nutstreet.net]
Sent: Monday, January 12, 2004 6:19 PM
To: 'rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org'
Subject: Re: LF: T/A test


> I'll be QRV from 135m high vertical ...

 ! I'd like to see a picture of that installation!

Have fun this weekend.  But definitely send me a pic if you can!

73
Eric



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Gasparik Richard" <Richard.Gasparik@siemens.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Date: Mon, 12 Jan 2004 18:09:48 +0100
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Hi LF-ers...

I'll be QRV from 135m high vertical this weekend with the call OM2TW, OM5KM
and maybe OM100TS. Mostly on CW, but also some QRSS acty. I'll try also T/A
during the night time, maybe also QSO with VO1NA.

Start:	 	friday March 16. at 1400Z
QRT:		saturday March 17. at 1200Z

Btw, still need some countries from Eu - EA, EI, GI, GW, CT, LX,
OH0...etc...

Skeds are welcome.

Email: om2tw@nextra.sk
Phone: +421 903 416609 (SMS)
ICQ: 109360511

Best regards

73 de Rich OM2TW


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From: "hamilton mal" <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <6.0.1.1.2.20040129133740.036bcc40@POP3.freeler.nl> <Pine.OSF.4.56.0401300830590.18011@plato.ucs.mun.ca> <6.0.1.1.2.20040130133028.02f11dc0@POP3.freeler.nl>
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
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<STYLE></STYLE>
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE 
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
  <DIV 
  style="BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: black"><B>From:</B> 
  <A title=d.w.rollema@freeler.nl href="mailto:d.w.rollema@freeler.nl">Dick 
  Rollema</A> </DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A title=rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org 
  href="mailto:rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org">rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org</A> 
  </DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Friday, January 30, 2004 1:03 
  PM</DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> LF: Beaconing by PA0SE</DIV>
  <DIV><BR></DIV><FONT size=3><B>To All from PA0SE<BR><BR></B>
  <BLOCKQUOTE class=cite cite type="cite"><B>
    <DIV><BR><BR>I have been trying to copy VO1NA's signal during several 
    nights. Though there were traces of his signal at the beginning of the night 
    and also around dawn, none were good enough for a QSO. <BR><BR>Hi Dick</DIV>
    <DIV>VO1NA is generally very strong with me most of the time, especially 
    around 0600-0700 when he is active at this time.</DIV>
    <DIV>If you cannot improve your antenna for receiving, try a remote 
    LF&nbsp;antenna and a repeater like they do in the South of England. I 
    remember one&nbsp;VA station in Canada doing a similar thing a few years ago 
    and his remote&nbsp;antenna was hundreds of miles away from his 
    shack.&nbsp;</DIV>
    <DIV>If you are really stuck I could try and relay the signal for you on 80 
    metres. </DIV>
    <DIV>I am not sure if&nbsp;these methods would qualify for any rewards or 
    count as a QSO. </DIV>
    <DIV>73 de Mal/G3KEV/Scarborough</DIV>
    <DIV>&nbsp;</B></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE>
  <DIV><B><BR><BR>&nbsp;</DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></FONT></B></BODY></HTML>

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From: "hamilton mal" <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hi All</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Having to go out early this morning I looked into 
the shack and checked 137 khz. I only had a few minutes but VO1NA was booming in 
at 0658 utu, perfect copy at QRS 30, ideal for a&nbsp;qrs&nbsp;QSO for those 
travelling at that speed!!!</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>The signal was strong enough for QRS 3 and possibly 
normal CW. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Antenna in use 80 metre perimiter vertical loop 
E/W</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>WX - light covering of snow on the ground. 
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73 de Mal/G3KEV</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "hamilton mal" <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <000c01c3e02e$600a21a0$01eafc3e@l8p8y6> <001501c3e058$ba617980$2102000a@ibm> <002501c3e121$12a54fe0$2102000a@ibm>
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<BLOCKQUOTE dir=ltr 
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
  <DIV 
  style="BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: black"><B>From:</B> 
  <A title=knaap159@zonnet.nl href="mailto:knaap159@zonnet.nl">Dick</A> </DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A title=rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org 
  href="mailto:rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org">rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org</A> 
  </DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Thursday, January 22, 2004 7:44 
  PM</DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> LF: 136kHz project 
  cancelled</DIV>
  <DIV><BR></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hi Dick</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Get rid of your troubles immediately by building 
  the G3YXM or G0MRF designed 137 khz transmitters/amplifiers.</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I have used&nbsp;a&nbsp;modified YXM design for 
  years and it has proved very reliable. There is no point re-inventing the 
  WHEEL</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>The components including chips are cheap. I have 
  replaced the output transformer 3C85 core with an old TV line output core and 
  it works just as well, I cannot detect any difference in RF output or heat 
  etc. I have always used a fan blowing across this transformer and the LPF 
  inductors plus another fan blowing across the MOSFET heatsink 
  compartment.</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>The amplifier runs&nbsp;very&nbsp;COOL, heatsink 
  just warm and the output transformer and LFP cold. </FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I use an ICOM 706 on 13.7 mhz and divide down to 
  the required 137 khz frequency. </FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I use 4 mosfets 75N10 type and with a suitable 
  PSU these are capable of nearly 1KW output. It depends what you have available 
  but try 12 - 20 Volts, the current could be up to 50 plus amps !!!!!!!. 
  </FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Good Luck and be careful AVOID smoke</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>de Mal/G3KEV</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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----- Original Message -----
From: "John Rabson" <word.factory@zetnet.co.uk>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Thursday, January 22, 2004 4:11 PM
Subject: LF: Re: SOFT START


> It's when a bank of capacitors totalling a quarter of a Farad at 24 volts
is
> connected with wrong polarity that things start to get spectacular.
How could that happen, impossible except the constructor had too much
GLENGARRAGCT Mc NAHT
>
> 73
> John G3PAI
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "hamilton mal" <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
> To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
> Sent: Wednesday, January 21, 2004 2:53 PM
> Subject: LF: SOFT START
>
>
> Hi All
> Surprisingly, most high power amps do not have a SOFT START, and judging
by
> the thump at times on switch on, it is even more surprising that the power
> supply does not explode. In recent times I use a variac and gradually
adjust
> it to full voltages.
> This is overkill and a more simple cct would suffice. I lost  one mains
> transformer a few years ago and the replacement cost more than the amp was
> worth. Some of the PSU'S for low voltage high current  FET AMPS used in LF
> applications are even more vunerable ie 12 - 24 V at 20 - 100 A. Most
> Amateurs that I have spoken to do not realize the danger involved. One of
> the bean can size electrolytics 200 mfd capacity exploding would be like
> firing a mortar, probably demolish the house in some cases. The stone
built
> country house would probably survive.If you are dabbling with QRP there is
> no need to worry.
>
> 73 de Mal/G3KEV
>
>
>
>
>




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "hamilton mal" <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hi All</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Surprisingly, most high power amps do not have a 
SOFT START, and judging by the thump at times on switch on, it is even more 
surprising that the power supply does not explode. In recent times I use a 
variac and gradually adjust it to full voltages.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>This is overkill and a more simple cct would 
suffice. I lost&nbsp; one mains transformer a few years ago and the replacement 
cost more than the amp was worth. Some of the PSU'S for low voltage&nbsp;high 
current &nbsp;FET AMPS used in LF applications are even more vunerable ie 12 - 
24 V at 20 - 100 A.&nbsp;Most Amateurs&nbsp;that I have spoken to do not realize 
the danger involved. One of the bean can&nbsp;size&nbsp;electrolytics 200 
mfd&nbsp;capacity exploding would be like firing a mortar, probably demolish the 
house in some cases. The stone built country house would probably survive.If you 
are dabbling with QRP there is no need to worry.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73 de Mal/G3KEV</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From: "hamilton mal" <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hi Ian.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>That is an elaborate antenna in your garden and it 
worked well. Your signal was up there with the best and DX into the bargain hi. 
Sri to hear that you are going QRT, but I understand the reasons. It looks like 
activity from all of Ireland has ceased. The two EI stns and PDN have gone as 
well. I suppose I will have to take my rig every time that I go across. there 
and get cracking and renew my EI2AE callsign and pop across to Monaghan just 
down the road from Tullywiggan bridge.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73 and hpe the health improves.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>de Mal/G3KEV/Scarboro </FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hi All</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I am looking for a couple of 8875 tubes for my 
Dentron Amplifier. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73 de Mal/G3KEV</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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----- Original Message -----
From: "Stewart Bryant" <stewart.bryant@virgin.net>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Monday, January 19, 2004 11:02 AM
Subject: Re: LF: Manuals


> Mal
>
> The full manual was at the reference that I posted a few days ago,
> including a circuit diagram. Admitedly it was scanned as a bunch
> of pages, but it appears to all be there and scissors and tape would
> fix it back together.
>
> The file on the site is in .djvu format, but if you want me
> to render it to .pdf and send it to you, let me know. The circuit is
> 246K. The full manual will be much larger, and probably needs to be
> posted on a web site somewhere.
>
> 73
>
> Stewart G3YSX
>
>
>
Hi Stewart
Tnx for ur info but I cannot get a connection to that site. It states page
not available.
All the other web sites seem to work for me but not this one hi
If you can send it to me via my email address that would be appreciated
g3kev.ham@virgin.net
73 and agn tnx
Mal/G3KEV




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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hi All</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Anyone looking for original manuals for AR88 rx, 
BRT400 rx, EDDYSTONE 1590&nbsp;rx. Let me know</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Looking for HEATH SB 221 manual. I got a lot of 
info from Internet but cannot find a good cct&nbsp; diagram.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I have an AMPLIFIER Collins 30L-1 round emblem 
spare if anyone is&nbsp;interested.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Pse reply direct via email</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>de Mal/G3KEV</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

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References: <HNEGLMNKFOEMMNHIFAPIOEJPCDAA.g4wgt@talkgas.net>
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----- Original Message -----
From: "G4WGT - Gary" <g4wgt@talkgas.net>
To: "Rsgb_Lf_Group" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Saturday, January 17, 2004 1:29 PM
Subject: LF: LF Signals overnight


> Hi All at LF,
>
> Monitoring with Spectrum Lab QRS10 started at 2315 gmt saw G3LDO (135,921)
> very strong and first capture at about 0045 gmt showing RU6LA (135,922.5
> according to my screen using Peter's signal as reference) signal faint but
> fully visible & complete alongside G3LDO (very strong & dog-bone effect),
> RU6LA signals came up quite strong from about 0120 gmt & all through the
> night until fading started at 0545 gmt but still good complete visible
> signals until about 0610 then nothing after that (possibly end of
> transmission)

Hi Gary
I have been copying RU6LA all day long, solid signal and audible on 137.7
khz. He is on beacon mode, repeating callsign.
73 de Mal/G3KEV

. Later just after 0730 gmt saw complete signals from CT1DRP
> (DFCW about 135,923.5)on my last capture but still strong signals up to
> almost 1040 gmt when monitoring live, nothing more after 1045 gmt
(possibly
> end of transmission).
>
> 73
>
> Gary - G4WGT.
>
>
>



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "hamilton mal" <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hi All</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>For info to Ed and all on LF. I switched on abt 
0838utc this morning and saw RU6LA beacon mode and the signal has been constant 
and strong all day so far at 1450 utc.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Using my 80 metre perimeter loop&nbsp;resonated on 
137.7 khz. and directed E/W, Rx-Hagenuk-EE430, Audio DSP unit, Argo 
display.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>No rx preamp</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73 de Mal/G3KEV</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From: "hamilton mal" <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Many thanks to all that responded and all the 
useful info </FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2>that I was able to follow up. 
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73 and agn many tnx </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>de Mal/G3KEV</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From: "hamilton mal" <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
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Subject: LF: HEATH SB221 AMP
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Hi All</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Does anyone have info about the HEATHKIT AMP SB221. 
Cover 80 - 10 metres. Mods for 160 m, cct details etc</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I have tried the internet but cannot get a hit on 
this amp.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73 de Mal/G3KEV</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "hamilton mal" <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <1d7.17e682e8.2d326c53@aol.com> <003101c3d8b1$f0de0900$e4bc7ad5@rogersservices> <705920758.20040112113940@dx.ru>
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----- Original Message -----
From: "Ed Lesnichy" <ed@dx.ru>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Monday, January 12, 2004 11:39 AM
Subject: LF: Big Vertical is restored


> Dear LF-enthusiasts!
>
> In past weekend (Jan 10-11) I and Vlad UA6LV have restored ours Big
Vertical,
> which was broke in December at very strong ice
>
> On the following weekend (Jan 16...18) we plan activity on 136kHz in CW
and QRSS.
> Also I plan to give QRSS60 beacons at 135.922 - 136.923 segment from
22...23z up
> to sunrise at Machta - abt 0515z
Hi Ed
If you also listen on 7025 khz CW when u are active I will give u a report
for a xband qso. I can always copy ur signals when u are active.
73 de Mal/G3KEV

>
> 73! Ed RU6LA  ed@dx.ru  http://136.73.ru
>
>



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "hamilton mal" <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <Law15-F79qZNe3s9U6T00015038@hotmail.com> <003a01c3d3d6$2ced09e0$9cce28c3@erica>
Date: Thu, 8 Jan 2004 18:04:11 -0000
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----- Original Message -----
From: "g3ldo" <g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Monday, January 05, 2004 9:51 PM
Subject: LF: Re: Closedown


>
> Hi Laurence
> >
> > KL1X/WD2XDW will be closing down from Anchorage on  this Tuesday 6th Jan
> > 1700Z. The Rhon 45 tower will be taken down this week if the winds
abate.
> > The beacon will be on later this evening from appx 0100Z for the last
> night
> > of receiving and transmitter periods. (Also listening Lowfer band too).
>
> Rather sad that you are leaving Alaska but you have had a longer innings
> than expected. Your experimental work on LF has been an inspiration
Inspiration is one of the hit words in the English royal procedures as
decribed by others about a person to obtain a Knighthood. How about an LF
Knight.
To qualify there must be four hits equal to or higher than Inspiration in
this case. That could be the difficulty.
To qualify for a lesser title Fair to Poor entitles one to a MBE
G3KEV


to us
> all.
> I am sure that I can speak for all the EU LF guys in wishing you and Sheri
> all the best at your new QTH.
>
> I really would like to try and receive WD2XDW before you go so it will be
a
> maximum effort tonight monitoring .77355. I think Joe's announcement will
> result in a lot of LF RF from EU tonight!
>
> Regards
>
> Peter & Erica
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I was monitoring carefully last night on the 
specified 137.77 khz frequencies and although I did see what appeared to be 
activity at times it was totally inconclusive, too many drop outs, not one 
letter recognisable. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Activity on a frequency, no matter how accurate is 
not sufficient proof that a station was seen. There was also bits on other 
frequencies nearby at times but except I see a few complete letters of a 
callsign then it is not reported.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>de Mal/G3KEV</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "hamilton mal" <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <000201c3d2f3$c4fb5f40$61e4fc3e@l8p8y6> <6.0.1.1.2.20031229161651.027e8660@POP3.freeler.nl> <000001c3d009$acf7a620$c7e47f50@Smisan> <6.0.1.1.2.20040103121138.0280f960@POP3.freeler.nl> <000601c3d2c3$2bd34e70$b733f7c2@johnb5a82ea1a4> <6.0.1.1.2.20040104163146.027efbe0@POP3.freeler.nl> <000201c3d2f3$c4fb5f40$61e4fc3e@l8p8y6> <5.1.0.14.0.20040106090928.03a8c2a0@u0019445.kuleuven.be>
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Subject: Re: LF: Horizontally polarised radiation
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=ltr 
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
  <DIV 
  style="BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: black"><B>From:</B> 
  <A title=rik.strobbe@fys.kuleuven.ac.be 
  href="mailto:rik.strobbe@fys.kuleuven.ac.be">Rik Strobbe</A> </DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A title=rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org 
  href="mailto:rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org">rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org</A> 
  </DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Tuesday, January 06, 2004 8:16 
  AM</DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: LF: Horizontally polarised 
  radiation</DIV>
  <DIV><BR></DIV>
  <DIV>Hello group,<BR><BR>It is an "idée fixe" that a horizontal wire must 
  radiate a horizontal polarized EM-wave.<BR>A nice example of a mechanical 
  horizontal construction that radiates a vertical polarized signal is the DDRR 
  antenna.<BR>So a large horizontal topload close to ground will in most cases 
  improve the antenna efficiency (reduce the loss resistance ... footprint 
  theory) but the radiated signal will be nevertheless mainly vertical 
  polarized.<BR><BR>73, Rik&nbsp; ON7YD<BR><BR>At 17:47 5/01/2004 +0100, you 
  wrote:</DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Rik</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I agree with your observations. Some are being 
  misled by computer modelling and antenna theory not applicable to the type of 
  small LF antennas used by radio amateurs. </FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73 de Mal/G3KEV</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><BR>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <BLOCKQUOTE class=cite cite type="cite"><B></B>
    <BLOCKQUOTE class=cite cite type="cite">
      <DL>
        <DD><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;
        <DD><STRONG></STRONG><BR><BR>&nbsp;
        <DD>&nbsp;
        <DD><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><BR><BR>&nbsp;</DD></DL>
      <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
      <DL>
        <DD>&nbsp;</DD></DL></BLOCKQUOTE>
    <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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From: "hamilton mal" <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <6.0.1.1.2.20031229161651.027e8660@POP3.freeler.nl> <000001c3d009$acf7a620$c7e47f50@Smisan> <6.0.1.1.2.20040103121138.0280f960@POP3.freeler.nl> <000601c3d2c3$2bd34e70$b733f7c2@johnb5a82ea1a4> <6.0.1.1.2.20040104163146.027efbe0@POP3.freeler.nl>
Date: Sun, 4 Jan 2004 16:39:45 -0000
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Subject: Re: LF: Re: "T" versus "L"aerial
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=ltr 
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
  <DIV 
  style="BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: black"><B>From:</B> 
  <A title=d.w.rollema@freeler.nl href="mailto:d.w.rollema@freeler.nl">Dick 
  Rollema</A> </DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A title=rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org 
  href="mailto:rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org">rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org</A> 
  </DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Sunday, January 04, 2004 3:50 
  PM</DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: LF: Re: "T" versus 
  "L"aerial</DIV>
  <DIV><BR></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT size=3><B>Dear John,<BR><BR>Computer simulation takes place over 
  perfect ground and shows appreciable horizontally polarised radiation under 
  high elevation angles for the inverted-L aerial .&nbsp; But even at say 20m 
  height of the horizontal part of the aerial this is only 0.0009 of a 
  wavelength so the aerial is almost on the ground.&nbsp; This means that over 
  real earth such strong currents will be induced in the earth under the aerial 
  that almost all power in the horizontally polarised field will be converted 
  into heat in its resistance.&nbsp;</B></FONT></DIV><FONT 
size=3><B></B></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=ltr 
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px"><FONT 
  size=3>
  <DIV><STRONG>Dick</STRONG></DIV>
  <DIV><STRONG>You are saying that my 4 x inv L antennas each&nbsp;at 120 ft 
  vertical and 400 ft horizontal&nbsp;are only burning up the field under the 
  array. </STRONG></DIV>
  <DIV><STRONG>My signal is reported throughout EU and beyond to Russia and the 
  USA&nbsp;as the strongest on the air only surpassed by MM0ALM when he was 
  active. As far as I can remember he was using 2 x inv L antennas at over 140 
  ft high using two&nbsp;masts. </STRONG></DIV>
  <DIV><STRONG>I have never used a T antenna, my logic is that the more 
  independent wire in the air the better, you have the benefit&nbsp;in my case 
  of&nbsp;4 top loaded verticals in parallel. All the bottom ends of the 
  verticals are&nbsp;connected to the top of the loading coil of about 0.3 mh. 
  The top of each L is about 10 feet out from the mast and the&nbsp;drop wires 
  taper to the bottom reducing capacitance to ground. </STRONG></DIV>
  <DIV><STRONG>An inv L antenna is&nbsp;really a top loaded 
  vertical.</STRONG></DIV>
  <DIV><STRONG>I hope you understand what I mean.</STRONG></DIV>
  <DIV><STRONG>Calculations and theoretical assumptions are often way of the 
  mark when it comes to small antenna systems like radio amateurs use on LF. 
  </STRONG></DIV>
  <DIV><STRONG>The only solution is the practical approach, common sense 
  gained&nbsp;with experience and&nbsp;put up the best antenna you can then 
  judge the results. As a matter of interest I have never burnt out any 
  insulators, antenna wires, ground radials or any vegetation underneath the 
  antenna array.</STRONG></DIV>
  <DIV><STRONG>If you are working worldwide on normal CW then you have got it 
  right !!!!!!!</STRONG></DIV>
  <DIV><STRONG>73 de Mal/G3KEV</STRONG></DIV>
  <DIV><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I</FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><STRONG>&nbsp;<BR><BR>&nbsp;Another point is that for DX the take-off 
  angle should be as low as possible and that is certainly not achieved this 
  way.&nbsp; <BR><BR>As a ground wave (surface wave) a horizontally polarised 
  cannot exist over a perfect ground and over real earth is so weak that it is 
  of no practical use.<BR><BR>The question has come up before on the reflector 
  and as far as I can remember the conclusion has always been that this is not a 
  viable solution for producing a useful sky wave. <BR><BR>73, Dick, 
  PA0SE<BR><BR></STRONG>At 10:39 4-1-04, you wrote:<BR></DIV>
  <BLOCKQUOTE class=cite cite type="cite">How much horizontally polarised 
    skywave is there and how well does it<BR>propagate?<BR><BR>Would it be worth 
    constructing an aerial that favoured skywave?<BR><BR>73<BR>John Rabson 
    G3PAI<BR><BR>----- Original Message ----- <BR>From: "Dick Rollema" 
    &lt;d.w.rollema@freeler.nl&gt;<BR>To: 
    &lt;rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org&gt;<BR>Sent: Saturday, January 03, 2004 
    11:30 AM<BR>Subject: RE: LF: Re: "T" versus "L"aerial<BR><BR><BR>&gt; To All 
    from PA0SE,<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; Mike,&nbsp; PC4M, wrote:<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; At 
    02:50 1-1-04, you wrote:<BR>&gt; &gt;Dear Dick / Bob and Lofers,<BR>&gt; 
    &gt;<BR>&gt; &gt;Does the computer calculate the earth losses in the return 
    path from the<BR>&gt; &gt;aerial system to the transmitter? If it would then 
    the earth losses in a<BR>T<BR>&gt; &gt;should have been significantly less 
    then the L alternative. There are two<BR>&gt; &gt;separate return 
    currents<BR>&gt; &gt;(parallel resistance) and each with a smaler physical 
    length (lower<BR>&gt; &gt;R-earth)&nbsp; in a T system resulting in more ERP 
    if compared to an L system.<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; In the computer simulation no 
    resistances were included. That means that<BR>&gt; the 1 kW fed to the 
    aerial is completely radiated. Even an extremelly<BR>short<BR>&gt; vertical 
    with no top load would do so and produce the calculated 29.9mV/m<BR>&gt; at 
    10km<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; Bu the point raised by Bob, ZL2CA, was that the current 
    in the single wire<BR>&gt; topload&nbsp; of the "L" would generate a 
    horizontally polarised field. In the<BR>&gt; "T" the currents&nbsp; in the 
    two topload wires flow in opposite directions so<BR>&gt; the horizontally 
    polarised fields caused by these currents would at least<BR>&gt; partially 
    cancel each other.<BR>&gt; The horizontally polarised field is radiated as a 
    sky wave and the power<BR>in<BR>&gt; it detracts from that in the vertically 
    polarised field of the ground<BR>wave.<BR>&gt; If the above reasoning were 
    correct it could be expected that the "T"<BR>would<BR>&gt; produce a 
    stronger ground wave than the "L" because less power disappears<BR>&gt; in 
    the horizontally polarised sky wave.<BR>&gt; The simulation has shown that 
    this is not the case.<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; The subject of losses in the 
    earth&nbsp; and surrounding objects has been<BR>&gt; treated very well by 
    Jim, M0BMU, in his e-mail.<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; 73, Dick, 
    PA0SE<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; &gt;-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----<BR>&gt; 
    &gt;Van: owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org<BR>&gt; &gt;[<A 
    href="mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org" 
    eudora="autourl">mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org</A>] Namens Dick 
    Rollema<BR>&gt; &gt;Verzonden: maandag 29 december 2003 16:37<BR>&gt; 
    &gt;Aan: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org<BR>&gt; &gt;Onderwerp: Re: LF: Re: "T" 
    versus "L"aerial<BR>&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; &gt;To All from PA0SE<BR>&gt; 
    &gt;<BR>&gt; &gt;Bob, ZL2AC wrote:<BR>&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; 
    &gt;<BR>&gt; &gt;Dick PA0SE,<BR>&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; &gt;Fine on the test 
    result.&nbsp; As you stated, the tested T has twice the<BR>amount<BR>&gt; 
    &gt;of top loading wire (2x 20 metres) than the L (1x 20 metres).<BR>&gt; 
    &gt;<BR>&gt; &gt;It would be interesting to know if a T is better than an L 
    for constant<BR>&gt; &gt;length top loading i.e. what the difference is if 
    the upwire joins at the<BR>&gt; &gt;end or the middle of the horizontal top 
    wire (theory suggests the T is<BR>&gt; &gt;better as there is minimal 
    horizontally polarised component).<BR>&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; &gt;Bob,&nbsp; I 
    cannot answer your question by a practical experiment but used<BR>&gt; 
    &gt;computer simulation instead by means of K6STI's program 
    Antenna<BR>Optimizer.<BR>&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; &gt;I modeled two antennas with a 
    vertical element of 20m.&nbsp; One an Inverted<BR>&gt; &gt;L-antenna with a 
    horizontal top load wire of 40m. The other a T-antenna<BR>&gt; &gt;with a 
    top load of 2 x 20m.<BR>&gt; &gt;Both antennas&nbsp; without losses, over 
    perfect ground and fed with 1kW.<BR>&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; &gt;At a distance of 
    10km (so well outside the near field region) and over<BR>&gt; &gt;perfect 
    ground both antennas produced a vertically polarised field of<BR>&gt; 
    &gt;29.9mV/m. The horizontally polarised field was zero; but this is to 
    be<BR>&gt; &gt;expected because over a perfect conducting ground a 
    horizontal field<BR>&gt; &gt;component cannot exist.<BR>&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; 
    &gt;73, Dick, PA0SE<BR>&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; &gt;Original message:<BR>&gt; 
    &gt;<BR>&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; &gt;To: &lt;<A 
    href="mailto:rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org" 
    eudora="autourl">mailto:rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org</A>&gt;LF-Group<BR>&gt; 
    &gt;Sent: Sunday, December 28, 2003 3:09 AM<BR>&gt; &gt;Subject: LF: "T" 
    versus "L"aerial<BR>&gt; &gt;To All from PA0SE<BR>&gt; &gt;Further to my 
    e-mail of 26 December I measured the field strength as<BR>&gt; &gt;radiated 
    by the aerial in<BR>&gt; &gt;Inverted L-configuration. From this I found 
    EMRP = 57 milliwatt.<BR>&gt; &gt;This confirms the benificial effect of top 
    loading. The T-aerial radiated<BR>&gt; &gt;140 milliwatt.<BR>&gt; &gt;So 
    going from a single 20m top load wire for the "L" to 2 x 20m for the<BR>&gt; 
    &gt;"T" resulted in an improvement by a factor 2.46 (3.9dB) in 
    radiated<BR>power.<BR>&gt; &gt;The vertical part of the "T" consisted of an 
    open wire feedline of 11m<BR>&gt; &gt;with the two wires connected in 
    parallel in the attic shack. For the "L"<BR>&gt; &gt;one of the feedline 
    wires was removed. I assume this did not appreciably<BR>&gt; &gt;affect the 
    EMRP.<BR>&gt; &gt;73, Dick, 
PA0SE<BR>&gt;</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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From: "hamilton mal" <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <INELIKBPOHPEDFDGMOKHEEIOCDAA.g4wgt@talkgas.net>
Date: Sun, 4 Jan 2004 14:19:22 -0000
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----- Original Message -----
From: "G4WGT Gary" <g4wgt@talkgas.net>
To: "Rsgb_Lf_Group" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Sunday, January 04, 2004 10:55 AM
Subject: LF: Antenna's


>
> Hello again to all at LF,
>
> Happy New Year to you all.
>
> I have had a few days away over NY so I had quite a lot of e-mails to look
> thro'.
> I see that there has been some debate on antenna's again which suits me
fine
> because I am considering trying to improve my LF antenna system. I need to
> improve on the support & insulation of the antenna since my recent
> experience with corona bringing down part of the antenna, so I going to
try
> a different antenna arrangement at the same time.
>
> I have only got a small back garden & at the moment the arrangement is
like
> a 80 to 90 mtr loop pulled in to the centre from the middle of the sides &
> then pulled upwards to the top of my 14 mtr mast & secured at the lower
> corners, this makes it take up a lot less space for the amount of wire
used
> (An example of the shape is like a Maltese Cross with the centre up in a
> peak & the wide sides of the cross sloping steeply downwards). The "loop"
is
> fed with 72 ohm twin feeder at the peak which allowed me to use it on the
80
> M (3.5 Mhz) band with a balanced matching unit. Using this gave a great
> increase over the umberella top loading with 4 wires following the
criteria
> set out on one of the web sites (I think Rik ON7YD).
Hi Gary


My suggestion is to use the mast as a support for a vertical arrangement.
Connect all horizontal wires regardless of configuration together at the top
of your 14 metre mast and use a vertical drop lead to connect to your
loading/matching coil. ie a top loaded vertical. Keep the drop wire about 1
metre out and away from the mast, the wire does not have to be exactly
vertical pull it out at the bottom end about 2 metres.  I am assuming your
mast is earthed, if not use the mast as the vertical radiator with the top
wires connected directly to it at the top and feed the bottom end of mast to
the loading coil. Resonate the coil for your preferred frequency on 136 khz
and use a smaller coil at he bottom feed end in series to earth as a 50 ohm
matching device. Earth the coax braid and tap the coax centre conductor up a
few turns from earth to get the perfect match. A small call is preferable to
get an accurate match, tapping up the large coil from the bottom is too
coarse.
Hope this helps you but maybe you know all of this already hi
73 de Mal/G3KEV

>



>
>



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From: "hamilton mal" <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>HI All</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I use insulated 2.5 mm wire lying on top of the 
grass for my ground system in conjunction with my vertical. I have several of 
these radials each one about 130 metres long fanned out around the base of a 
vertical. This is the next best arrangement after an elevated radial system. 
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I thought about trying insulated multi core cable 
as radials and putting the wires in series ie with a 7 core cable 130 metres 
long I should theoritically have a 910 metre long radial. I tend to think in 
practice &nbsp;this might not be the case, the return current might only see a 
130 metre radial&nbsp;underneath the antenna structure, which consists of the 
vertical&nbsp;and the horizontal wire. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Has anyone tried this arrangement on LF. I remember 
reading something away back about using&nbsp;a two core cable, or coax and joing 
the far end thereby increasing the length by a factor of 2.ie inner and outer of 
coax in series.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73 de Mal/G3KEV</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From: "hamilton mal" <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <158.2adba09b.2d27ae53@aol.com> <6.0.1.1.2.20040103123034.02811d20@POP3.freeler.nl>
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<BLOCKQUOTE dir=ltr 
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
  <DIV 
  style="BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: black"><B>From:</B> 
  <A title=d.w.rollema@freeler.nl href="mailto:d.w.rollema@freeler.nl">Dick 
  Rollema</A> </DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A title=rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org 
  href="mailto:rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org">rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org</A> 
  </DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Saturday, January 03, 2004 11:36 
  AM</DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> LF: T/A success for DF6NM</DIV>
  <DIV><BR></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT size=3><B>Dear Markus,<BR><BR>It seems you made it over the 
  Atlantic. Congratulations!&nbsp; And that with a miniMal power of 170 
  mW!</B></FONT></DIV><FONT size=3><B></B></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=ltr 
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px"><FONT 
  size=3><B>
  <DIV>Dick</DIV>
  <DIV>miniMAL is as good as maxiMAL when propagation condx are right. My 
  transatlantic qso's were conducted using QRP a couple of hundred watts. I do 
  have reserve power but seldom run it flat out. </DIV>
  <DIV>I use my home built mosfet TX/PA max 1kw out which is very 
  reliable&nbsp;although I have two DECCA power amps that would run about 2.4 kw 
  out if strapped/matched to the antenna.</DIV>
  <DIV>With my antenna system only a few watts are required to get to 1w erp 
  out. I suppose I could try&nbsp;QRO into a wet match stick. </DIV>
  <DIV>de Mal/G3KEV</DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;<BR><BR>Am I right that you are the second continental station 
  after CT1DRP that crossed the Atlantic?<BR><BR>I wish you and all LFers a 
  happy, healthy and peaceful 2004 with lots of LF activity.<BR><BR>73, Dick, 
  PA0SE<BR><BR><BR><BR></B>At 06:34 3-1-04, you wrote:<BR></DIV></FONT>
  <BLOCKQUOTE class=cite cite type="cite"><FONT size=2>Hi Laurence,<BR><BR><A 
    href="http://www.kl1x.com/ARGO3/42200275.jpg" 
    eudora="autourl">http://www.kl1x.com/ARGO3/42200275.jpg</A><BR>- wow, thats 
    much better than I had dared to expect ;-)<BR><BR>Will leave my TX on till 
    ~7:30, past sunrise.<BR><BR>Thanks a lot<BR>Markus<BR><BR><BR>In einer eMail 
    vom 03.01.2004 03:32:28 Westeuropäische Normalzeit schreibt 
    hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com: <BR><BR>
    <BLOCKQUOTE class=cite cite type="cite">0230Z<BR><BR>I have dfcw signal 
      135,922.3 and 4 (hi) and dot 60 signal on 135,923,36 or 
      <BR>so<BR><BR>Heavy qrn from splurge mucking things 
    up...<BR><BR>Laurence</BLOCKQUOTE></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Dave/GM3YXM very strong last night working OM2 on 
QRS3. 137.7 khz.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>First acty hrd from GM for a long time, it looks 
like all the GI stns have given up also EI. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73 de Mal/G3KEV</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From: "hamilton mal" <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <1f0.1684d3c0.2d234ce8@aol.com>
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<BLOCKQUOTE 
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
  <DIV 
  style="BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: black"><B>From:</B> 
  <A title=MarkusVester@aol.com 
  href="mailto:MarkusVester@aol.com">MarkusVester@aol.com</A> </DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A title=rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org 
  href="mailto:rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org">rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org</A> 
  </DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Tuesday, December 30, 2003 9:49 
  PM</DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> LF: TA beaconing</DIV>
  <DIV><BR></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=arial,helvetica><FONT lang=2 face=Arial size=2 
  FAMILY="SANSSERIF" PTSIZE="10">Dear Mal and LF group,<BR><BR>good, I promise I 
  will be among the first to congratulate when you have crossed the pond in 
  "honest CW". But my views on QRSS transatlantic beaconing are quite 
  different.<BR><BR>The extra hop we need from central Europe makes it much more 
  difficult to get across, and of course most of us LFers don't own large rusty 
  antenna arrays or live near near the seashore. Many countries have not been 
  seen stateside once ever. Personally, I still find it very rewarding to even 
  see only a couple of bright noise pixels on the right frequency in one of the 
  screenshots, or to receive Joe's signal once in a couple of weeks.<BR><BR>What 
  worries me a little right now is the increasing Eu transmitting activity in 
  the 137775 region. Even at QRSS30, the key clicks of a local station can 
  easily clutter up a few Hz and cover potential DX signals. I would much prefer 
  sticking to the proven scheme of us transmitting around 135922, and watching 
  for stateside/ZL signals at the top end of the band.</FONT></FONT></DIV><FONT 
  face=arial,helvetica><FONT lang=2 face=Arial size=2 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" 
  PTSIZE="10"></FONT></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE 
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV><FONT face=arial,helvetica><FONT lang=2 face=Arial size=2 
  FAMILY="SANSSERIF" PTSIZE="10">Hi Markus</FONT></FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=arial,helvetica><FONT lang=2 face=Arial size=2 
  FAMILY="SANSSERIF" PTSIZE="10">I have mentioned this a number of times. Some 
  sort of bandplan is necessary. EU stns use 135.922 khz and outside EU use 
  137.700 khz. Most nights 137.7 khz is occupied by EU stns. So how do we get 
  the bandplan to work??</FONT></FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=arial,helvetica><FONT lang=2 face=Arial size=2 
  FAMILY="SANSSERIF" PTSIZE="10">Most ignore sensible suggestions. Inter EU 
  working would have to be 135.922 khz plus/minus a little like it used to be 
  and not the present&nbsp;137.7 khz area.&nbsp;Maybe we could suggest 
  a&nbsp;START date for the changes.</FONT></FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=arial,helvetica><FONT lang=2 face=Arial size=2 
  FAMILY="SANSSERIF" PTSIZE="10">73 de Mal/G3KEV</FONT></FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=arial,helvetica><FONT lang=2 face=Arial size=2 
  FAMILY="SANSSERIF" PTSIZE="10">&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><BR><BR>Last night, VO1NA was visible four times between 2 and 5 UT. I 
  transmitted 135922.3/.4 DFCW for a couple of hours before local sunrise (~7 
  UT), and if all goes well I'll try again tonight.<BR><BR>73 and best wishes to 
  everyone,<BR>Markus, DF6NM<BR><BR><BR>In einer eMail vom 30.12.2003 19:57:04 
  Westeuropäische Normalzeit schreibt g3kev.ham@virgin.net: <BR><BR></DIV>
  <BLOCKQUOTE 
  style="PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px" 
  TYPE="CITE">Hi Dexter<BR><BR>I can send you plenty of LF RF as you already 
    know from previous<BR>observations your end. What I want in return is a 
    proper QSO on normal CW. I<BR>will TX on 136 and you TX on say 7025 khz. If 
    any others are interested so<BR>much the better. I do not want to send out 
    repeative and meaningless Beacon<BR>signals, I and others already know we 
    can get across the Atlantic and vice<BR>versa from VE to Europe.<BR>I have 
    an array of LF antennas just rusting away.<BR><BR>de 
  Mal/G3KEV<BR></BLOCKQUOTE><BR><BR></BLOCKQUOTE></FONT></FONT></BODY></HTML>

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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hi Dex</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Tnx for ur reply.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I will be off to GI3KEV QTH soon for a few weeks so 
will not be active from Scarborough for a while. My dxpeditions are a one man 
affair and I have to do in a couple of day what others take weeks to do. Get the 
120 ft tower unparked and extended, rig the antennas for LF and the HF bands. 
After all this effort when I get active on 136 Khz I might be lucky to work a 
couple of station on CW, most these days seem to be on QRS although 
perfectly&nbsp;audible and workable on&nbsp;CW to me.&nbsp;</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>On the other hand&nbsp;GI/Tyrone on HF is still 
rare especially on CW&nbsp;and I get a pile up on any band that I choose to 
operate.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I often have to pull the plug or the pile up would 
go on for ever !! On a recent trip to CT1/Algarve it was the same on 
HF.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>LF activities do not justify the effort. 
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I have offered other amateurs both in Scarboro and 
Tyrone the antenna facilities but none are interested. Most do not have the 
equipment or cannot be bothered.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>VE1ZJ and VE1ZZ&nbsp;are good cw ops but they have 
gone QRT, the only other active&nbsp;VE stn these days seems to work QRS 
only.&nbsp;The Russian stns also seem to have gone QRT this year so it is not 
very encouraging.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Maybe&nbsp;later next year.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>By the way most weekends there is a lot of EU 
activity from OH, SM, PA, DL ,S52, I5 YU7&nbsp;etc all on QRS these days on 
137.7 khz and I am surprised that you have not copied any of them. They are all 
very strong with me.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73 and HNY </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>de Mal/G3KEV</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From: "Hans-Albrecht Haffa" <dk8nd@web.de>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Subject: Re: LF: 300W-TX-G0MRF
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Dear Peter,

I have had similar problems in constructing PAs.


First: One reason for the ringing might  be the transistors. Put a capacitor 2n7/ 3kV ceramic from
drain to source at each PA-transistor. This is likeliy if the pa is operated with an quiescent current. 

sec.: If You dont have any quiescent current at all, than there is no damping resistor at the transformer for the winding that is not driven .  Any winding of a transformer that carries no current will ring. This effect has been never described in amateur radio . The only thing You can do against is adding an quiescent current or using an topology where all windings carry allways a current, that is only two windings, pri and sec. 

More upon request. 
Hans-Albrecht Haffa
DK 8 ND 
CBA, ++49-(0)7161 - 87847



rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org schrieb am 07.01.04 16:04:23:
> 
> dj9dw schrieb:
> > Hello group,
> > as I can't get in contact with David, G0MRF, I want to spread out my problem
> > here.
> > The TX works fine except the outputtransformer T2. There is heavy ringing at
> > abt 1 MHz. Now I figured, the inductance seems to be abt 300uH from drain to
> > drain. That shure is far too much.
> > Could it be that David has changed the toroid - type to one with higher u so
> > that 10 turns primary has to be reduced?
> > Your help is very welcom, I am stuck.
> >
> > Regards, dj9dw, Peter.
> 
> Hi Peter,
> 
> pse see
> 
> http://www.qsl.net/dj8wx/My%20second%20transmitter.htm
> 
> if T2 is not pressed p.e. between two ceramic pieces 
> it should be coold by a fan or else it vibrates on subharmonics of the 
> transmitted QRG.
> 
> btw. how did you find out a "ringing" at abt 1MHz ?
> 
> best regards
> 
> Uwe/dj8wx
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 


______________________________________________________________________________
Nachrichten, Musik und Spiele schnell und einfach per Quickstart im 
WEB.DE Screensaver - Gratis downloaden: http://screensaver.web.de/?mc=021110



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From: "Hans-Albrecht Haffa" <dk8nd@web.de>
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Subject: LF: Re:3C90  Al value?
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Dear Dave, 

dont calculate the AL-value, try to get out the relative permeability of the material.
Your formula: 
L=n2*AL

my formula:

L=u*u°*n2*Afe/lfe

lfe is the length of the magnetic path.
Permeability constant of the vacuum: uo=4*Pi*1E-7 (V*s/A*m)
Afe: magnetic cross section in basic unit m2, i.e. 1mm2=1E-6 m2

If You know the relative permeability, than the frequency rage and the losses may be estimated. All magnetic materials with a similar permeability of Valvo -  Ferroxcube  - Philips and competitors are similar. I never could measure any practical difference in using N27/N67/FI322/FI324 using cores for switch mode power supplies.  It is easy to reduce magnetic losses in the core, but nearly impossible to optimize winding copper. Wire thicknes (wire, Litz or copper foil) frequency, and current and of course temperature class ( 135 °C, 155°C or even 180°C) of insulation will never harmonize on 136kHz. 
Please note: 

If You cannot reduce current density in the wire anymore, as well as reduicing magnetization (B) of the core, than oe must magnify the surface of the core, th omprove cooling.  Two (2) toroids stacked hav twice teh cross section, but not thwice the surface...
More upon request.

55, Hans-Albrecht
DK 8 ND



rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org schrieb am 11.01.04 10:11:54:

Hello Group.

After a 4 month wait I've received a batch of 58mm cores claiming to be 3C90, but according to the catalogue they have the wrong colour code. These are white (pos 3C11) not blue/white for 3C90.

The way to confirm is to calculate the Al value and compare to the data on 3C90 3C85 3C11 etc materials. Unfortunately 3C90 is not listed in my old data book.

I've measured the inductance of a 21 turn winding at 1.43mH. 
Using  L = Al x N squared, this suggests an Al value of 3249.

Is this a good figure for 3C90?  It does seem far too low for 3C11 (5000+)
Perhaps they've changed the colour code again?

73

David    G0MRF





______________________________________________________________________________
Erdbeben im Iran: Zehntausende Kinder brauchen Hilfe. UNICEF hilft den
Kindern - helfen Sie mit! https://www.unicef.de/spe/spe_03.php



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Hugh M0WYE" <m0wye@thersgb.net>
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References: <2D280BB697C7EE4C979C5C89925418EF0181DC9F@TNS-FBU-2E-003.corp.telenor.no>
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Subject: Re: Re: LF: Where to get TC44... and MUR1660??
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Hi Group,
Re: Farnell
It obviously varies from country to country because anybody with a credit
card can order from Farnell in this country, although there is a Ł10 minimum
order charge for credit card orders.
73
Hugh M0WYE

----- Original Message -----
From: <jan-martin.noding@telenor.com>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Tuesday, January 20, 2004 3:04 PM
Subject: Re: Re: LF: Where to get TC44... and MUR1660??


Well, not quite so, I could do such things before because I work for
Norwegian Telecomm and the companies knew that I was a potential customer
for buying items for work, it doesn't apply for anybody else, but it is true
that many are not aware of the possibilities they have as design engineers
in a factory

73, Jan-Martin


---
J M Nöding, LA8AK
Telefon QRL  0047-380-52660, 9077-7126 (QTH: 0047-380-87178)

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
[mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org]On Behalf Of Rik


Not correct (at least not in Belgium & Netherlands)
At QRL I order Farnell components just because they have no minimum order
and no package/transport costs.
Once I had to repair equipment and ordered 1 single transistor that costs
0.1 Euro. It was delived next day at no extra cost.

73, Rik  ON7YD



Farnell sells minimum 100 pieces TC4426.






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Hello Jim, Dick, Peter, LF Group
Jim, M0BMU said ...

> I am currently running 1200W at 136kHz into about 50m of wire antenna in
> a residential area and, like the others, I do not experience significant
> problems with QRM to domestic equipment caused by the LF signal. ...

Even my modest TX set-up completely wipes out the Longwave broadcast band on
nearby portable radio recievers ... but maybe listening to Long Wave
broadcasts is "old fashioned" !

73
Hugh M0WYE




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From: "James Moritz" <james.moritz@btopenworld.com>
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References: <005401c3e2ad$3d2d3ba0$6507a8c0@Main> <Pine.OSF.4.56.0401251406200.12977@plato.ucs.mun.ca> <000a01c3e404$c3453280$fec428c3@erica> <Pine.OSF.4.56.0401260952010.11038@plato.ucs.mun.ca> <001101c3e533$75938200$d4ce28c3@erica>
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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------040807010708080908070206
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=windows-1252; format=flowed
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Dear Joe, Peter, LF Group,

VO1NA currently "O" copy here - giving 'LDO an "O" report. See attachment.

Cheers, Jim Moritz
73 de M0BMU

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References: <005401c3e2ad$3d2d3ba0$6507a8c0@Main> <Pine.OSF.4.56.0401251406200.12977@plato.ucs.mun.ca> <000801c3e38f$bbec4d40$1f00a8c0@dellboy>
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----- Original Message -----
From: Dave Pick <dave@picks.force9.co.uk>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Sunday, January 25, 2004 10:08 PM
Subject: LF: Re: Running on 2 legs


> I doubt whether we'll see anything tonight... the screen looks devoid of
any
> Loran lines, usually a bad sign and topband has collapsed completely.
What's
> going on Alan?


There seems to be a lot of QRN which is masking the weaker spectral lines at
the moment. Sigs from VO1NA have been visible over the last couple of
nights, but weaker than usual - I put it down to the recent flare activity.

Cheers, Jim Moritz
73 de M0BMU



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References: <000c01c3e02e$600a21a0$01eafc3e@l8p8y6> <001501c3e058$ba617980$2102000a@ibm> <002501c3e121$12a54fe0$2102000a@ibm> <000201c3e18c$03c4b540$40e5fc3e@l8p8y6> <002501c3e1e8$cee237a0$2102000a@ibm> <000d01c3e212$ba8e9120$73338751@rogersservices> <001101c3e263$a9928f60$2102000a@ibm>
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Dear Dick, LF Group,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>According to my old Micrometals catalogue, 
Green/yellow is -40 mix, with relative permeability of 60 - it is fairly similar 
to the white/yellow -26 mix with permeability of 75.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>You can find lots of core and application info on 
the micrometals web site <A 
href="http://www.micrometals.com/parts_index.html">http://www.micrometals.com/parts_index.html</A></FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Cheers, Jim Moritz</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73 de M0BMU</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From: "James Moritz" <james.moritz@btopenworld.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <000c01c3e02e$600a21a0$01eafc3e@l8p8y6> <001501c3e058$ba617980$2102000a@ibm> <002501c3e121$12a54fe0$2102000a@ibm> <000201c3e18c$03c4b540$40e5fc3e@l8p8y6> <002501c3e1e8$cee237a0$2102000a@ibm>
Date: Sat, 24 Jan 2004 00:40:06 -0000
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Subject: LF: 137 kHz project......Handy cost-saving tip
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Dear Dick, LF Group,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Thinking of cheap sources of ferrite, I have used 
the cores from old computer monitor line output transformers for some time for 
supression purposes - but the type of ferrite they are made from is very similar 
to the 3C8/3C85/3C90 grades often used on LF PA circuits.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>So I tried one as a power transformer - after some 
rough calculations I made a 1:1 transformer with 2 x 20turn windings of 1mm dia. 
enamelled copper wire. Feeding 500W into this made it only warm to the touch. I 
then tried it at 1kW continuous for several minutes, after which it was quite 
hot, about 60degreesC, so still OK really - I would be quite confident to use 
this for a&nbsp;PA producing several hundred watts.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>The core I used was typical of several I have 
extracted from scap VGA monitors - it consists of 2 "C" shaped halves held 
together with a metal spring clip, and measures 63 x 39 x 14mm overall. They are 
usually glued into the LOPT transformer assembly, which makes them a bit hard to 
remove without breaking. The best way to do it I find is to&nbsp;cut radial 
slots through the moulded EHT winding with a hacksaw, and carefully break away 
the windings from the core. After that, seperate the two halves of the core, and 
remove the pieces of plastic film that maintain a gap between the mating 
surfaces of the core halves (important!). Then carefully clean up the mating 
surfaces so they fit together perfectly without a gap - any gap will greatly 
reduce the inductance, which you don't&nbsp;want to happen for a PA transformer. 
The way I wound the transformer was to assemble the core, then cover the centre 
leg with 3 layers polyester tape for insulation. Then I wound the first 20 turns 
onto the round centre leg as if winding a toroid, covered this with another 3 
layers of tape, then the second 20 turns on top. The 20 turn winding has XL ~ 
900ohms, so more than enough for a 50ohm winding. Obviously you would use fewer 
turns of thicker wire, or multiple parallel strands of wire , for the low 
impedance windings of a PA transformer.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Cheers, Jim Moritz</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73 de M0BMU</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From: "James Moritz" <james.moritz@btopenworld.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <001301c3de7a$dade8b60$fe79a8c0@PCVONWALTER> <4010040925.20040119114525@dx.ru> <Pine.OSF.4.56.0401190917290.14212@plato.ucs.mun.ca>
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Subject: LF: V01NA
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Dear Joe, LF group,

Broken antenna wires notwithstanding, got quite good copy of VO1NA last
night considering the relatively high level of QRN here. As usual, best
reception was around dawn - see attachment.

Cheers, Jim Moritz
73 de M0BMU

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From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "James Moritz" <J.R.Moritz@herts.ac.uk>
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Dear Rich,

If the chokes have fairly low inductance (so that XLchoke < XCant; total
L < several 100uH) or they are part of some sort of tuned trap resonant
at 1097kHz, I guess this arrangement will result in the antenna feed
point having an inductive reactance at 136k, so you will need to add
capacitance to tune this out. How much capacitance will depend on the
choke inductance - you could probably calculate that to a reasonable
approximation by measuring the size and number of turns. Or better
still, measure the actual impedance if you have the necessary test gear.
I guess it would be some nF. It would have to have high RF
voltage/current rating. Connecting the resonating C between ant feed and
ground would probably give quite a high resistance at 136k; connecting
the C between ant feed and TX output a very low resistance. Either way,
you would probably need additional matching to the TX output, either
using a transformer or by tapping the capacitor. The efficiency of this
kind of matching network would depend a lot on the Q of the chokes at
136k, and the other components, and would probably be much lower than if
they were not there - but since the AC feed chokes can obviously take
quite big RF currents and voltages, they might have reasonably high Q,
and since the antenna is so big, you will be able to radiate a good
signal even if efficiency is quite low.

Cheers, Jim Moritz
73 de M0BMU 



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Dear Rich,

Sorry to hear about your problems... Is it possible that something silly
has happened - e.g. the mast insulator has been shorted to ground for
lightning protection? That would make it hard to tune up!

I guess the capacitance of the mast will be about 1500 - 2500pF, so
loading coil inductance should be in the several hundreds of uH. If the
antenna is resonated with a simple series L, the resistance component of
the antenna impedance will probably be only a very few ohms - if your TX
does not like low impedance loads, it may not deliver much output to
such a load. When I operated from the old Decca site, I found the
simplest solution was to make a custom matching transformer on the site
- this had about 20t primary on a large ferrite ring connected to the TX
output, and I then wound on the secondary (about 6t) for a reasonable
match with the series coil adjusted for resonance.

You will get very strong received signals with a big mast (Marconi was
using antennas this sort of size to receive trans-atlantic LF sigs on
crystal sets)- so signal strengths will still be high if the matching is
not very good - even if there is something like an open or short
circuit. But if you heavily attenuate the RX input, there should still
be a sharp resonance peak when the antenna is correctly tuned.

Hope you have another opportunity soon-

Cheers, Jim Moritz
73 de M0BMU

 



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "James Moritz" <J.R.Moritz@herts.ac.uk>
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Dear Peter, LF Group,

In response to your questions...

>What is the longest sec/dot size that is used on amateur LF ?
>I noted that Rik's QRS program offers up to 60 sec per dot.
>Are there programs with much longer sec/dot times out there ?

The longest dot lengths regularly used are 120s - much longer than that,
and DX propagation "lifts" do not last long enough to transmit a useful
number of characters - also the symbols get broken up by QSB. The
software could utilise much longer dot periods, but it does not seem
practically useful to do so.

> Do the various cheap car audio amps ( OP up to 600 W rms ) do a
reasonable
>job on 137 Khz ( after possibly removing audio filters etc. )  or is
the
>frequency roll-off disqualifying ?

Audio PA modules can be made to work on 136k, but generally need
modification to achieve anywhere near full output power. The heat sinks
are usually a bit too small for continuous key-down output. By the time
you have devised and tested suitable mods, keying circuits, PSUs,
matching transformers, filters etc, the amplifier itself is only a small
part of the construction - so it is probably just as easy to build from
scratch.

> If disqualifying, does someone have a suggestion c.q. reference for me
to
>build a Tx ?
>In the junkbox I have lots of Fairchild Power MOSFETS 75345P 55V 75 A (
ex
>various 24>220 V AC ships power sinus converters ) mounted on heavy alu
>cooling blocks.
>So, if I have to build the Tx PA myself, I prefer to use these FETS.
>Has someone a suggestion for a possibly suitable circuit diagram ?

For a start, see:
http://www.wireless.org.uk/136rig.htm
http://www.g0mrf.freeserve.co.uk/300w.htm


> With an aerial effenciency that low, I guess the heat dissipation in
the >PA
>OP stage will be tremendous.
>Where is most of the heat dissipated ?
>Though I don't know as yet what outputstages are used on LF, I guess
this
>will be in the tank/pi coil (?) and therefore I would welcome
references to
>information as to minimizing dissipation loss in coils ( or wherever
else
>the dissipation losses appear ).

If you use one of the class D or other switching-mode TX designs,
efficiency is often better than 90%, so the TX does not need to get very
hot. All the RF power goes out of the TX output socket, provided the
antenna is properly matched. A significant amount is dissipated in the
matching network - see Rik's remarks - so a big loading coil with high Q
(or at least big enough to dissipate the power without melting!) is
needed. Most of the power actually reaching the antenna is probably
dissipated in the ground (or in the sea), so we don't have to worry
about it too much!

> If advantageously, onboard I could build a very big multiturn loop
aerial.
>Does big multiturn LF loop aerials have an advantage over straight wire
>aerials ?

Loops have their adherents, but I expect the advantage for a ship
antenna would be with top-loaded verticals. For a lot of antenna info,
see Rik's pages at:
http://www.qsl.net/on7yd/136ant.htm


> Is the maximum E(I?)RP still restricted to 1 W ?
>Is this restriction applicable to /MM offshore as well  ( say midway on
the
>North Sea between G and PA  )?

ERP (in the UK it is ERP with respect to a dipole) is still 1W max - I
suspect it would still be the same for /MM. But usually it is quite
difficult to get even 1W ERP. With 1.2kW and 40m long, 10m high inv L, I
get around 0.4W ERP - to get 1W, I have to increase the height of the
antenna with a temporary extra mast. But things might be easier on the
high seas...

>Does seagain ( if any at all ? )  and etc... add substantially to LF
>performance  ?

I think the concept of "sea gain" at VHF really only applies when the
separation between the antenna and the sea is large compared to a
wavelength. At LF, your ship would need a very big mast for this to be
true! But having sea water for an antenna ground plane should
substantially reduce antenna losses, and also propagation losses, so in
that sense, there could be a large "sea gain" at LF compared to the same
antenna used on land.

Cheers, Jim Moritz
73 de M0BMU





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From: "James Moritz" <J.R.Moritz@herts.ac.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Date: Wed, 14 Jan 2004 14:54:17 -0000
Organization: University of Hertfordshire
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Dear Dick, Peter, LF Group,

I am currently running 1200W at 136kHz into about 50m of wire antenna in
a residential area and, like the others, I do not experience significant
problems with QRM to domestic equipment caused by the LF signal. The
exception to this is when corona breakdown of the antenna is occurring,
when I get "hiss" and crackling sounds on FM broadcast, and "snow" on
UHF TV reception - it gives quite a useful warning!

The main problem most LF amateurs have is the other way round - QRM to
LF reception caused by noisy domestic electrical equipment, which varies
from mild annoyance to making reception of amateur signals completely
impossible. The noise propagates long distances down the mains wiring. I
have to use loop antennas at the far end of my garden to get away from
the noise produced by the mains wiring in the neighbourhood. I bet it
would be much better on a ship...

PE1ECM wrote:
>Does it make sense when I try to start LF from my ship  /MM ( steel
>fishermen cutter ) instead of from my condo ?
>Does sea again ( if any at all ? ) and low man made en evironment
noise >add
>substantially to the LF performance ?
>( Besides, on my vessel I could erect bigger aerials than at the home
QTH >).

>Where could I find explanations on (possible ) sea gain on LF ?
>Where could I find information on the ( LF ) noise levels offshore ?

I don't remember anyone operating /MM on LF before. There seems to be
almost no info around about LF marine operation - people seem to have
stopped doing that after WW2. It would certainly be interesting to try
it. Most of the losses in LF antennas is due in one way or another to
the ground and objects surrounding the antenna. This leads  to very low
antenna efficiency (usually <0.1%) for most amateur antennas. Since the
ground is salt water and the structure of the ship is metal, losses
should be much lower for a ship antenna than land-based amateur LF
stations. It would be very interesting to find out if this is really
true. As far as received QRM goes, it only takes one little noisy
electronic device to spoil LF reception - but, unlike the normal
situation, since all such equipment would be part of the ship and under
your control, so it should be possible for you to switch
off/filter/replace any  noise sources that you find on board. Once you
had done that, a ship that is some distance offshore should be an ideal
LF receiving site.

Cheers, Jim Moritz
73 de M0BMU


From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "James Moritz" <james.moritz@btopenworld.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <1d7.17e682e8.2d326c53@aol.com>
Date: Mon, 12 Jan 2004 02:15:24 -0000
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Subject: LF: Re: 3C90  Al value?
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" http-equiv=Content-Type>
<META content="MSHTML 5.00.2614.3500" name=GENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
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<BODY bgColor=#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Dear David, LF Group,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>My experience is that for toroids, low-level 
measurement of AL is fairly reliable, allthough it does have quite a large 
tolerance. As far as I can see, according to the Ferroxcube data, the 58mm dia 
cores are the TL 58/41/18 core size - Assuming this is the correct core size, 
the web site gives AL for these in 3C90 material as 2890nH/t +/-25%, so 3249nH/t 
is quite feasible. The 3C11 material in the same core size has AL =&nbsp; 
5400nH/t +/-25%, which is not consistent with your measurement. But the colour 
code for 3C90 is given as "ultramarine/white", while 3C11 is just plain white, 
so it looks like they forgot the blue paint.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>The permeability of ferrites does change greatly 
with applied H, temperature, f, etc, but for an inductance measurement at room 
temp with small signals at low frequency (eg. with an audio bridge or similar), 
this is usually not a significant issue, especially with large core sizes. 3C90 
has a nominal initial permeability of 2300, against 2000 for 3C85, so winding 
inductances will be similar for both materials. 3C90 should have slightly lower 
loss. The 3C11 material has higher core losses, and a much lower curie 
temperature than 3C90, so would not be very suitable for a PA.</FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE 
style="BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
  <DIV 
  style="BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: black"><B>From:</B> 
  <A href="mailto:G0MRF@aol.com" title=G0MRF@aol.com>G0MRF@aol.com</A> </DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A 
  href="mailto:rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org" 
  title=rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org</A> </DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Sunday, January 11, 2004 9:07 
  AM</DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> LF: 3C90 Al value?</DIV>
  <DIV><BR></DIV><FONT face=arial,helvetica><FONT face=Arial lang=0 size=2 
  FAMILY="SANSSERIF" PTSIZE="10">Hello Group.<BR><BR>After a 4 month wait I've 
  received a batch of 58mm cores claiming to be 3C90, but according to the 
  catalogue they have the wrong colour code. These are white (pos 3C11) not 
  blue/white for 3C90.<BR><BR>The way to confirm is to calculate the Al value 
  and compare to the data on 3C90 3C85 3C11 etc materials. Unfortunately 3C90 is 
  not listed in my old data book.<BR><BR>I've measured the inductance of a 21 
  turn winding at 1.43mH. <BR>Using&nbsp; L = Al x N squared, this suggests an 
  Al value of 3249.<BR><BR>Is this a good figure for 3C90?&nbsp; It does seem 
  far too low for 3C11 (5000+)<BR>Perhaps they've changed the colour code 
  again?<BR><BR>73<BR><BR>David&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
G0MRF<BR></BLOCKQUOTE></FONT></FONT></BODY></HTML>

From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "James Moritz" <J.R.Moritz@herts.ac.uk>
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Date: Fri, 9 Jan 2004 18:00:37 -0000
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Dear Alberto, LF Group,

Looking at sound cards, I see that external USB modules claiming rather
good specifications seem to be coming available quite cheaply. Is it
possible to use these USB soundcards with SDRadio and the other DSP
programs? Having the sound card in a module external from the PC is
attractive because it should be easier to isolate the audio input from
the generally noisy things going on inside the PC case - I find that
electrical noise from the PC seems  to be the limiting factor on SNR
with the sound card I use at the moment.

Cheers, Jim Moritz
73 de M0BMU





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----- Original Message -----
From: captbrian <captbrian@ukonline.co.uk>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Tuesday, January 06, 2004 7:18 PM
Subject: LF: Re: TA report 2004.01.06


> Are there any CW beacons to listen for [ as opposed to looking  for at
qrss]
>

Dear Bryan, LF Group,

The only transatlantic signal that is readily audible is CFH, the RTTY-like
signal on 137.0k originating from Nova Scotia. This varies from inaudible to
S9+ depending on propagation. Unfortunately, amateur signals with ERP about
40 - 50dB down on CFH are rarely likely to be audible - I don't think anyone
has ever positively heard any of the transatlantic amateur signals,
allthough several of us were of the opinion that VE1ZZ was "nearly" audible
occasionally when he was active some time ago. Even then, he probably had
substantially more ERP than any of the North American beacons operating
recently.

Cheers, Jim Moritz
73 de M0BMU



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From: "James Moritz" <james.moritz@btopenworld.com>
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Dear Laurence, LF Group,

I monitored around 137.77x kHz last night, as I have been doing most nights
for  the past few months, but afraid still no positive signs of WD2XDW.
Anyway, good luck with the move of QTH, and hope to try again once you get
established in W5.

The only visible transatlantic signal last night was VO1NA, at around
0100utc last night, ending with a "K". Joe's signal has not been as strong
in the last few days as it was earlier in December, which is surprising
considering the generally improving conditions lately. Usually I am seeing
the best sigs from VO1NA between about 0700 and 0800, i.e. just before dawn
here. There is usually an abrupt drop of several dB in the noise level just
before 0700, as if sunrise over eastern Europe is cutting off some LF noise
source there.

Cheers, Jim Moritz
73 de M0BMU



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Subject: RE: LF: Re: "T" versus "L"aerial
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Dear Gary, LF Group,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Looking at your diagram, I would avoid
having a <span class=SpellE>downlead</span> near the central mast for two reasons;
firstly, unless the mast is well insulated from ground, the capacitance between
the metal part of the mast and the <span class=SpellE><span class=GramE>uplead</span></span><span
class=GramE><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>will</span> result in a significant
proportion of the current going &#8220;up&#8221; the <span class=SpellE>uplead</span>
flowing back &#8220;down&#8221; the mast, resulting in partial cancellation of
the radiated signal. This implies a larger antenna current at the feed point
required to obtain the same radiated signal, increasing the losses in the
loading coil and other conductors. If you do go for this arrangement, make sure
the mast has a low-resistance direct connection to the ground point of the
antenna feed, in order to minimise the losses caused by these circulating
currents. Secondly, there will be a high voltage stress between the <span
class=SpellE>uplead</span> (carrying the full antenna voltage<span class=GramE>)
<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>and</span> the mast (more or less at
ground potential), increasing the likelihood of problems with corona.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>I think the optimum arrangement would be
to put the loading coil on the garage roof (but spaced from it, especially if
made of corrugated iron or other <span class=SpellE>lossy</span> materials),
close to the sloping end of the wires, to which it could then be connected with
a short <span class=SpellE>downlead</span>. This minimises the amount of high
voltage conductors close to ground level, which have minimal contribution to
the radiated signal, but do lead to increased loss. The fibreglass top section
of the mast will maintain good separation and insulation between the main mast
and the antenna wires &#8211; when using a fibreglass pole in a similar way to
support my <span class=GramE>antenna,</span> I found it was necessary to add a
corona ring around the fibreglass tube to prevent burning where the wire joined
the mast. As far as the arrangement of the top loading wires goes, the main objective
is to maximise the effective height of the antenna. If the antenna was a simple
vertical 14m high, the effective height would be 7m. Adding loading wires above
the 7m level will lead to an increased effective height, whilst adding wire
below the 7m level will reduce the effective height compared to the simple
vertical. I&#8217;m not sure if there is any one &#8220;optimum&#8221;
configuration &#8211; it would depend on all the geometrical restrictions in
the particular situation &#8211; but as a general rule, for an antenna with a
single mast like this it would certainly seem sensible to maximise the amount
of wire above ˝ the mast height, and eliminate as much as possible below that. This
would also keep the high voltage wires well clear of the aluminium supporting
poles. However, some compromise may be required here, since trimming the
loading wires too much would reduce the overall capacitance to the point that
it is difficult to make a big enough loading coil to resonate the antenna that
does not have excessively high losses.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Cheers, Jim Moritz<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>73 de M0BMU<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:36.0pt'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

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From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "James Moritz" <james.moritz@btopenworld.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <Pine.LNX.4.44.0312311357490.28788-100000@willow.nutstreet.net>
Date: Thu, 1 Jan 2004 13:52:36 -0000
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Subject: Re: LF: insulators / L vs T
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Dear LF Group,

I had quite a lot of problems with insulators on my LF antenna (basically a
40m long x 10m high inverted L with a single top wire). When I increased TX
power from about 350W to 1200W, the antenna voltage increased from very
roughly 10kV to 20kV. This led to corona occuring at the ends and corners of
the antenna wire, which tended to melt or set fire to the plastic
insulators. This was solved by attaching corona rings about 100mm dia. made
from stiff wire to each of the affected points to reduce the field gradient.
At this point, I started to get corona problems with the straight parts of
the antenna wire itself, which were cured by using thicker wire.

For the downlead part of the antenna, I switched to ceramic insulators,
since these are not flammable, allthough in themselves they would not be a
cure for the corona, since the discharge would eventually erode or crack the
insulator as well as wasting TX power. I retained the plastic insulators for
the top section of the antenna, since they are lighter and cause less sag in
the top wire, and seem to be OK with the corona rings; also, the position
they are in means they probably won't set fire to anything! I kept the
distance between the supporting metal poles and the ends of the wire about
4 - 5 m; allthough this reduces the length of the wire, having the wire
closer to the masts causes two problems - first, there is a very high
potential gradient between the end of the wire and the grounded mast if the
two are close together (this could be what caused PA0SE's rope to melt), and
second, the capacitance between the wire and the mast is increased, which
increases the RF current flowing "downwards" in the masts, reducing the
effective height of the antenna.

As far as insulator materials go, the plastic ones I used were the ribbed
"dogbone" type about 100mm long, which came from WH Westlake for 75p. I
think they are made of polypropylene. I think most plastic materials are
pretty good insulators at 136kHz, provided they are not exposed to corona.
People seem to have had problems using plastic tubes; perhaps this is
because moisture can accumulate inside. I have used thick nylon monofilament
with good results, provided precautions against corona were taken. I have
not tried phenolic laminate - I know this does absorb moisture to some
extent, allthough I don't know if this has an adverse effect on its
insulating properties. I believe silicone rubber based insulators are
becoming popular for HV power distribution, because this material is
resistant to corona, and is water-repellant too, but I don't know where you
would get it from.

As far as the relative merits of  L vs. T antennas go, It is true that a T
configuration will have a shorter path for the ground currents to flow
along, and therefore reduce resistance due to this cause. Ground resistance
is accepted to be the major source of loss in large commercial LF antennas,
so a top load arranged about a central feed point should reduce the loss for
this type of antenna. But previous discussions on this reflector have shown
that the actual resistance of the ground path is only a minor contribution
to the total loss resistance of much smaller amateur antennas - most of the
loss in small antennas seems to be due to dielectric losses in the ground
due to the high voltage gradient under the antenna. So it should be possible
to reduce the losses by extending the top load, as G3AQC found out
experimentally some time ago. The length of the ground path will be less
significant than the area over which the electric flux of the antenna is
distributed, so the size of the top load will be more important than the
position of the feed point for amateur antennas (Except perhaps if you have
a G3KEV-sized antenna!)

A happy new year to all those on the reflector,

Cheers, Jim Moritz
73 de M0BMU


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Thread-Index: AcPaJt5C6/fdzYpUQ+qCbaBV5pBBXQHn0t7g
From: jan-martin.noding@telenor.com
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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And you are probably the unknown I've pictured on my site, from DK0MW at Weidsiedlung ???

73's LA8AK
---
J M Nřding, Datakvalitet, TTS, Kristiansand
Telefon 0047-380-52660, 9077-7126 (QTH: 0047-380-87178)



-----Original Message-----
From: owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
[mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org]On Behalf Of Dick
Sent: 13. januar 2004 23:32
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Subject: LF: new here..little introduction


Hello all,

I am rather new on this list, and will give a brief introduction.

Living in the eastern part of The Netherlands, and being involoved in
radio for over 25 years now.
Licensed since 1989, first as PA3FJY but changed this a few years ago
to PA4VHF.
As the suffix suggests I was mostly active on 144MHz DX (EME, MS)
contest etc.
Also did a lot of listening mainly on 160m CW in the past.
Since my move to another house my transmission activety has been
very low, and I mainly listened a lot from my remote beverage location.
(no mainspower-220V there, so all by battery)

However, like so many others, when one gets the 'radiovirus', one will
never loose it.
In the past year I came across the NDB-beacon band (200-500kHz) ,
and had great fun listening there.
Distances amazed me more then once.
Well, from there it's just a little jump down to 136kHz.................

Meanwhile I have serious plans to become QRV on 136kHz the coming year.
A lot of information, and some materials as well, have been collected.
(like 31.5cm diameter PVC-pipe for the loading coils)
I hope to start with the first preparations soon.

One of the problems to overcome, is to find a QTH where I have mainspower
to feed the PA.............
I have no idea what happens when one feeds 400W into an toploaded
vertical á la EI0CF in the center of town........................
(a lot of houses within the range of the antenna, some less then 15m
away...)

Sofar I haven't seen any reports of interference caused by 136kHz stations
to consumers electronic devices.
Wonder how serious is the possibility of interfering in audio-equipement in
the
neighbourhood??

As soon as I am ready to transmit I'll let it know here right away.
At least my receiving capabilities on my beverage location are good.
(AR7030plus, with audiofilters down to 20Hz narrow)


Dick, PA4VHF (JO32eh) East-Netherlands.





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From: jan-martin.noding@telenor.com
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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Subject: Re: Re: LF: Where to get TC44... and MUR1660??
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN class=790220015-20012004>Well, 
not quite so, I could do such things before because I work for Norwegian 
Telecomm and the companies knew that I was a potential customer for buying items 
for work, it doesn't apply for anybody else, but it is true that many are not 
aware of the possibilities they have as design engineers in a 
factory</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV><SPAN 
class=790220015-20012004></SPAN><FONT face=Arial><FONT color=#0000ff><FONT 
size=2><SPAN class=790220015-20012004>73, </SPAN>Jan-Martin<SPAN 
class=790220015-20012004></SPAN></FONT></FONT></FONT><BR>
<P><FONT face=Arial size=2>---</FONT> <BR><FONT size=4>J M N<SPAN 
class=790220015-20012004>ö</SPAN>ding,&nbsp;</FONT><SPAN 
class=790220015-20012004><FONT size=4>LA8AK<BR></FONT></SPAN><FONT face=Arial 
size=2>Telefon<SPAN class=790220015-20012004> </SPAN><SPAN 
class=790220015-20012004>QRL </SPAN>&nbsp;0047-380-52660, 9077-7126 (QTH: 
0047-380-87178)</FONT> </P>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
  <DIV class=OutlookMessageHeader dir=ltr align=left><FONT face=Tahoma 
  size=2>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B> 
  owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org 
  [mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org]<B>On Behalf Of </B>Rik 
  <BR><BR></FONT></DIV>Not correct (at least not in Belgium &amp; 
  Netherlands)<BR>At QRL I order Farnell components just because they have no 
  minimum order and no package/transport costs.<BR>Once I had to repair 
  equipment and ordered 1 single transistor that costs 0.1 Euro. It was delived 
  next day at no extra cost.<BR><BR>73, Rik&nbsp; ON7YD<BR><BR>
  <BLOCKQUOTE class=cite cite="" type="cite"><FONT face=arial size=2>Farnell 
    sells minimum 100 pieces TC4426. 
</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE><BR></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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Thread-Topic: LD 30
Thread-Index: AcPPuDfksuRlz72STYyICxzQrsxKzwEkpQeA
From: jan-martin.noding@telenor.com
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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Subject: LF: RE: LD 30
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=211014711-06012004>Hi<BR>Being not sure if I've seen the instrument (at 
LA7CC), but believe it is no usual selective filters.<BR>The VFO type usually 
seems to&nbsp;consist of two units where the frequency is from a mixer, so you 
might find at least one oscillator at much higher frequency than the range. At 
least you might have a very bandspread VFO to use in the sort of receiver that 
PAoSE uses</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV><SPAN 
class=211014711-06012004></SPAN><FONT face=Arial><FONT color=#0000ff><FONT 
size=2>73<BR><SPAN class=211014711-06012004></SPAN>Jan-Martin&nbsp;LA8AK<SPAN 
class=211014711-06012004></SPAN></FONT></FONT></FONT><BR>
<P><FONT face=Arial size=2>---</FONT> <BR><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=4>J 
M Nřding, Datakvalitet, TTS, Kristiansand<BR><SPAN 
class=211014711-06012004><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff 
size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT face=Tahoma size=2>-----Original 
Message-----<BR><B>From:</B> owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org 
[mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org]<B>On Behalf Of </B>hamilton 
mal<BR><B>Sent:</B> 31. desember 2003 15:11<BR><B>To:</B> 
rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org<BR><B>Subject:</B> LF: LD 30<BR><BR></FONT></P>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=ltr style="MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hi All</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I have a mint W &amp; G LD-30 group delay and 
  attenuation measuring set. For those that do not know this equipment, it has a 
  Sender and Receiver and covers 200 hz - 20 khz and apart from its design use 
  it looks like it would make a nice sensitive LF rx. The range could be 
  extended by external converters to cover 136 khz etc.</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I do not have any manuals. </FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Does anyone have tech info for this machine or 
  any ideas. </FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73 de Mal/G3KEV</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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Dick Rollema schrieb:
> To All from PA0SE
>
> Joe, VO1NA wrote:
>
> >PA0SE was detected around 2300 and was full O copy
> >at 0200.
>
> Joe also sent me a screenshot directly :
> 3fcd959.jpg
>
>
> Screenshots were also received from M0BMU, G3AQC, EA1PX and CT1DRP, all 
> showing excellent copy of my 140mW EMRP signal. EA1PX reported he even 
> could hear me!
> Many thanks to all who responded!
>
> I have been trying to copy VO1NA's signal during several nights. Though 
> there were traces of his signal at the beginning of the night and also 
> around dawn, none were good enough for a QSO.
>
> I cannot use ARGO because it requires a sampling rate of 5512kHz and that 
> is not supported by the soundcard, as I found out with I2BHD's help (tnx 
> again Alberto).
> I therefore use SPECTRAN at a sampling rate of 8000kHz and a bandwidth of 
> 0.031Hz.
> But I don't think that explains the poor copy. I think the local noise 
> level  is too high.  The level fluctuates somewhat with time and it was 
> during a low that I could detect, but not read, Joe's signal.
>
> Perhaps when better propagation is present I will succeed in making a 
> two-way with Joe.
>
> I hope Alan will tell us  when that is the case.
>
> In he meantime congratulations to those accomplished a QSO with Joe.
>
> 73, Dick, PA0SE
>
>
Hi Dick,
so you did not rcv my screenshot (.bmp 1,2MB) ?
regards
Uwe/dj8wx



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Hi Dave/G3YXM and group,

the Zobel Network 22 Ohm / 4,7nF in my G3YXM PA gets very hot if driving 
the PA in 1kW mode; much hotter than the toroid T2 (output transformer)gets.
I changed the five Watt resistor with a  20 Watt, it gets hot too; with the 
cooling fan off the resistor desolders itself.

I think that`s a good sign of the correct dimension: 22 Ohm / 4,7nF means 
the open reactive load (T2 and surroundings) oscillates at calculated 
1,539MHz; measured 1,776MHz.

But what a heavy loss!  

My question:
Is there no other possibility eliminating the instability of that output 
system ?

Regards
Uwe / dj8wx



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Alan Melia schrieb:
> Hi all, CFH was active again last night and to my relief showed quite good
> levelsbetween 2400z and 0600z, peaking 39dBuV. The signal did not disappear
> from my screen until about 1100z this morning.  There was no deep fading but
> a lot of shallow rapid fading so I believe the recovery is not yet complete.
> However it looks as though there should be some good night-time conditions
> for the activty this weekend. Although there was a low level (C-Class flare)
> this morning NOAA SEC predicts a quiet few days.
>
> Good Luck
> Cheers de Alan G3NYK
> alan.melia@btinternet.com
>
>
>
Hi Alan,

can you look up any past situations? I´m interested in the kind of condition
at ca. 0500UT on 13.01.2004 when Joe/VO1NA received vy strong sigs 
from DJ8WX.

best regards
Uwe/dj8wx 



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Gasparik Richard schrieb:
> Hi Joe,
>
> I which mode/speed you received DJ8WX?
>
> Rich OM2TW
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Joe Craig [mailto:jcraig@mun.ca]
> Sent: Tuesday, January 13, 2004 12:28 PM
> To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
> Subject: LF: TA 13 Jan
>
>
> Just a trace of CT1DRP on 2fcw but very strong sigs from DJ8WX.
>
> Joe VO1NA
>
>
>
Hi Joe, hi Rich,

the mode was QRSS 30s/dot.

Joe, what time did you receive dj8wx ?

best regards

Uwe/dj8wx



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Hans-Albrecht Haffa schrieb:
> Dear Peter,
>
> I have had similar problems in constructing PAs.
>
>
> First: One reason for the ringing might  be the transistors. Put a capacitor
>  2n7/ 3kV ceramic from
> drain to source at each PA-transistor. This is likeliy if the pa is operated
>  with an quiescent current. 
>
> sec.: If You dont have any quiescent current at all, than there is no damping
>  resistor at the transformer for the winding that is not driven .  Any
>  winding of a transformer that carries no current will ring. This effect has
>  been never described in amateur radio . The only thing You can do against is
>  adding an quiescent current or using an topology where all windings carry
>  allways a current, that is only two windings, pri and sec. 
>
> More upon request. 
> Hans-Albrecht Haffa
> DK 8 ND 
> CBA, ++49-(0)7161 - 87847
>
Hi Hans,

the problem Peter has with the T2 of the G0MRF PA (here with four MOSFETs)
I have had too.
1.no current in the quiescent state.
2.all windings carry current during transmission.
3.if I operate the PA in up to 200W mode there is no ringing (no vibration).
4.if I operate the PA in 600W mode there is no ringing in the first 
  two minutes of operation. after two minutes the ringing begins accompanied 
  with reduction of output power (permeability loss depending on temperature
  I guess).

All problems have been solved by cooling the T2.

btw. the output transformer of my other PA (up to 800W) consists of four 
toroids Philips RCC36.6/15.6-4C 65, Al3000, color grey. absolutely no 
ringing problems or losses when getting hot!

best regards
Uwe/dj8wx


 



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dj9dw schrieb:
> Hello group,
> as I can't get in contact with David, G0MRF, I want to spread out my problem
> here.
> The TX works fine except the outputtransformer T2. There is heavy ringing at
> abt 1 MHz. Now I figured, the inductance seems to be abt 300uH from drain to
> drain. That shure is far too much.
> Could it be that David has changed the toroid - type to one with higher u so
> that 10 turns primary has to be reduced?
> Your help is very welcom, I am stuck.
>
> Regards, dj9dw, Peter.

Hi Peter,

pse see

http://www.qsl.net/dj8wx/My%20second%20transmitter.htm

if T2 is not pressed p.e. between two ceramic pieces 
it should be coold by a fan or else it vibrates on  subharmonics of the 
transmitted QRG.

btw. how did you find out a "ringing" at abt 1MHz ?

best regards

Uwe/dj8wx






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MarkusVester@aol.com schrieb:
> Before midnight UT, Peter joined in, and DJ8WO came back on a new QRG:
>
> 135923.13 G3LDO qrss 60s (14dBľV/m qsb)
> 135922.3/.4 DF6NM  dfcw 60s/20s (~170mW EMRP)
> 135921.89 PA0SE  qrss 60s  (~13dBľV/m qsb)
> 135920.86 DJ8WO qrss 30s (13dBľV/m)
>
> Markus
> DF6NM in JN59NK
>
>
> MarkusVester@aol.com wrote: 
>
> > Hello America ;-)
> > 
> > tonight's Eu beacons at 23:15 UT are / were
> > 
> > 135921.79 DJ8?O  QRSS 30s  (~13dBľV/m, QRT at 22:50 before I got a complete 
> > callsign)
> > 135921.89 PA0SE  QRSS 60s  (~13dBľV/m)
> > 135922.35 DF6NM  0.1Hz DFCW 60s/20s  (~177dBľV/m on the roof beneath the 
> > antenna ;-)
> > 
> > Good luck to all
> > 
> > Markus
> > 
>
>

Hi Markus es group,

DJ8WO: pse read DJ8WX. had to stop the transmission, got some trble: the aerial 
current meter suddenly pointed up and down like a dogs tail hearing "his masters 
voice". So I investigated the system and did find a rat dead near a hole in 
which a part of the aerial feeder RGU213 (80m long) could be seen, contact with 
abt 1cm naked soul (the inner wire of the coax) stopped the activity of the rat.

If my XYL has no further orders conc the yard I will repair it right away.

hpy TA beaconing!

Uwe/dj8wx

PS. Markus, how do you measure the QRG? My counter on both QRGs displayed
excactly 0.05Hz minus.


  



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From: "Jay Rusgrove" <JRusgrove@comcast.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <001301c3de7a$dade8b60$fe79a8c0@PCVONWALTER> <4010040925.20040119114525@dx.ru>
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Ed</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>No signals were seen in CT. Thunderstorms in the 
Gulf of Mexico raised the&nbsp;noise levels at least 10 dB above a quiet night 
so not much chance to see any DX.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Maybe next time...</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Jay Rusgrove, W1VD&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE 
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
  <DIV 
  style="BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: black"><B>From:</B> 
  <A title=ed@dx.ru href="mailto:ed@dx.ru">Ed Lesnichy</A> </DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A title=rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org 
  href="mailto:rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org">rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org</A> 
  </DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Monday, January 19, 2004 6:45 
  AM</DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> LF: RU6LA acty</DIV>
  <DIV><BR></DIV>Dear LF-enthusiasts!<BR><BR>I have returned from a Machta 
  (KN97LN)<BR>Has received much e-mails (TNX!). The summary later...<BR>Some 
  conclusions from last acty: the propagation was very unstable on<BR>a distance 
  up to 3000km at the night but for me there was by a surprise<BR>a very good 
  and stable propagation to daytime (Jan 18)<BR><BR>I made beacons:<BR>Jan 16-17 
  abt 23-6z 135.922+ QRSS60<BR>Jan 17 at daytime 137.7 QRSS3<BR>Jan 17-18 abt 
  23-4z QRSS60 with some 30min RX 137.777 in QRSS30<BR>Jan 18 at daytime till 
  abt 12z 137.7 QRSS3<BR>Jan 18-19 22-5z 135.922+ QRSS60<BR><BR>Nothing on 
  137.777 ;-(<BR>How in Northen America?<BR><BR>Have carried out with Vlad UA6LV 
  some experiments with ANTs on 160/80<BR>(CQ WW 160m at next weekend) - too had 
  surprises<BR><BR>73! Ed RU6LA&nbsp; <A 
  href="mailto:ed@dx.ru">ed@dx.ru</A>&nbsp; <A 
  href="http://136.73.ru">http://136.73.ru</A><BR><BR>P.S. I have no any msgs 
  from Rich's trip and any OM2TW's captures on<BR>136kHz 
;-(<BR><BR></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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The CT Snagulator watching 137922 at:

http://www.advancedreceiver.com/capture/latest135922.jpg

Jay, W1VD


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From: "Jay Rusgrove" <JRusgrove@comcast.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <Law15-F54rvSutTYNro00012240@hotmail.com>
Date: Sun, 4 Jan 2004 21:27:21 -0500
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Conditions have improved here in the last hour  - CT1DRP solid copy - no
others yet. QRN starting to pick up though.

Jay

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Laurence KL1X" <hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Sunday, January 04, 2004 8:08 PM
Subject: RE: LF: Re: TA beaconing Mon 0:15 UT


> Same here at the moment - dcf is down at the moment - but its just
dusk here
> so time to improve (!)
>
> Laurence
>
>
>
> >From: "John Andrews" <w1tag@charter.net>
> >Reply-To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
> >To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
> >Subject: LF: Re: TA beaconing Mon 0:15 UT
> >Date: Mon, 5 Jan 2004 01:06:33 -0000
> >
> >135.922 signals disappeared here about an hour ago. No sign of
anything but
> >noise.
> >
> >John Andrews
> >
> >
> >
>
> _________________________________________________________________
> Have fun customizing MSN Messenger - learn how here!
> http://www.msnmessenger-download.com/tracking/reach_customize
>
>



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Markus

Thanks for the "watch" list.

CT1DRP was good copy until about an hour ago but has been in a fade
since. Looks like he's just coming back up here now.

None of the other stations seen here as yet.

Jay

----- Original Message ----- 
From: <MarkusVester@aol.com>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Sunday, January 04, 2004 7:25 PM
Subject: LF: TA beaconing Mon 0:15 UT


> Hi everybody,
>
> tonight's short survey as seen in Nuernberg, JN59NK:
>
> 135922.95/923.05 CT1DRP dfcw60
> 135922.96  G3LDO qrss60 (currently colliding with Brian)
> 135921.52  SM6BHZ qrss60
> 135920.86  DJ8WX qrss30
>
> ... plenty of room !
>
> Good luck again to all
> Markus, DF6NM
>



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Markus

That's quite a list there! Good luck to all.

Jay, W1VD


----- Original Message ----- 
From: <MarkusVester@aol.com>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Saturday, January 03, 2004 7:22 PM
Subject: Re: LF: Re: TA beaconing Sat/Sun


Dear Jay and all,

I informed Walter DJ2LF of the possible problem, and he decided to move
up to
135921.723, in the middle between PA0SE and SM6BHZ. The list at 00:10 is

135923.45/.55 CT1DRP dfcw 60s ~-3dBľV/m
135922.50/.70 DK1IS dfcw 150s 36dBľV/m
135922.2/.3 DF6NM dfcw 60+20s
135921.93 PA0SE qrss 120s ~13dBľV/m
135921.73 DJ2LF qrss 60s 42dBľV/m
135921.52 SM6BHZ qrss 60s 18dBľV/m
135920.86 DJ8WX qrss 30s ~10dBľV/m

73 de Markus

In einer eMail vom 04.01.2004 00:02:03 Westeuropäische Normalzeit
schreibt
JRusgrove@comcast.net:

> One of the frequencies you listed 135919.76 is pretty close to a loran
> line at 135919.732 which is currently visible here.




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From: "Jay Rusgrove" <JRusgrove@comcast.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <11d.29e1d82b.2d28934b@aol.com>
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Markus

Thanks for the info.

One of the frequencies you listed 135919.76 is pretty close to a loran
line at 135919.732 which is currently visible here. In case others are
planning on joining in here is a list of frequencies to avoid depending
on your intended reception areas.

135919.056  Canadian East Coast
135919.732  Russian American
135919.732  Great Lakes
135920.523  Western US
135920.916  South Central US
135920.921  North Pacific
135921.053  Southeast US
135921.596  New Foundland East Coast
135922.799  North Central US
135923.367  Gulf of Alaska
135923.695  Northeast US

Jay, W1VD






----- Original Message ----- 
From: <MarkusVester@aol.com>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Saturday, January 03, 2004 4:51 PM
Subject: LF: TA beaconing Sat/Sun


Hi group,

a short overview of activity at 21 UT:

135923.45/.55   CT1DRP dfcw 60s ~-3dBľV/m
135921.52 "ZZ"  qrss 60s 18dBľV/m (the mysterious Z, direction north)
135920.86  DJ8WX qrss 30s ~10dBľV/m
135919.76  DJ2LF qrss (test) 42dBľV/m

I hope to join in around 23:00 on the usual pair 135922.3/.4 .

73 es gl

Markus, DF6NM



------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------






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From: "Jay Rusgrove" <JRusgrove@comcast.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <1d2.1724e332.2d2764e6@aol.com> <002e01c3d19b$bb172c60$11c828c3@erica> <001a01c3d1f3$840cdf00$6401a8c0@comcast.net>
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That will teach me to send a post before coffee! Sorry...

Second link should be:

http://www.advancedreceiver.com/capture/135922010304B.jpg

Jay


----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Jay Rusgrove" <JRusgrove@comcast.net>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Saturday, January 03, 2004 7:17 AM
Subject: LF: TA


> Oops. Change that last paragraph entry from QRSS60 to QRSS120. Would
be
> interesting to try it for one night to see if it brings the signals up
> from the further east EU stations.
>
> Jay
>
>



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Oops. Change that last paragraph entry from QRSS60 to QRSS120. Would be
interesting to try it for one night to see if it brings the signals up
from the further east EU stations.

Jay



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Markus

We're watching.

Jay Rusgrove, W1VD


----- Original Message ----- 
From: <MarkusVester@aol.com>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Friday, January 02, 2004 7:20 PM
Subject: LF: TA beaconing update


Before midnight UT, Peter joined in, and DJ8WO came back on a new QRG:

135923.13 G3LDO qrss 60s (14dBľV/m qsb)
135922.3/.4 DF6NM  dfcw 60s/20s (~170mW EMRP)
135921.89 PA0SE  qrss 60s  (~13dBľV/m qsb)
135920.86 DJ8WO qrss 30s (13dBľV/m)

Markus
DF6NM in JN59NK


MarkusVester@aol.com wrote:

> Hello America ;-)
>
> tonight's Eu beacons at 23:15 UT are / were
>
> 135921.79 DJ8?O  QRSS 30s  (~13dBľV/m, QRT at 22:50 before I got a
complete
> callsign)
> 135921.89 PA0SE  QRSS 60s  (~13dBľV/m)
> 135922.35 DF6NM  0.1Hz DFCW 60s/20s  (~177dBľV/m on the roof beneath
the
> antenna ;-)
>
> Good luck to all
>
> Markus
>




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: Jean-Louis.RAULT@fr.thalesgroup.com
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Yes, zat iz perfectly true

73 de Jean-Louis F6AGR

> -----Message d'origine-----
> De : Stewart Nelson [mailto:sn@scgroup.com]
> Envoyé : mercredi 14 janvier 2004 14:12
> Ŕ : rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
> Objet : Re: LF: Re. Timing GPS


<snip>
> 
> On searching the Net, I also found an article claiming that
> this was caused an influence from the French.
> 
> http://www.linguistlist.org/~ask-ling/archive-2000.1/msg00563.html
> 
> --Stewart (third generation American, but 1/4 English)

<snip>


From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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PA0SE was detected around 2300 and was full O copy
at 0200.

Joe VO1NA



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Peter Jim and Group,

Thank-you for the entertainment tonight.  Just finished
reading the email and now having a wee nip to celebrate LF TA #3.
Will run the beacon until dawn.

Cheers
Joe

On Wed, 28 Jan 2004, g3ldo wrote:

>  Jim, M0BMU said
> >
>
> > Dear Joe, Peter, LF Group,
> >
> > VO1NA currently "O" copy here - giving 'LDO an "O" report. See attachment.
> >
>
> Jim, you getting better copy than I am here - I am receiving only M but I
> did get my O report.
>
> This was a random QSO but not as good as yours last October
>
> QSO still in progress!
>
> Regards,
> Peter, G3LDO
>
> e-mail <g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk>
>
>
>
>
>


From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Sorry Peter.  Missed you last night.
I'll listen on the half hour tonight.

Joe

On Tue, 27 Jan 2004, g3ldo wrote:

> Will be looking for you. Conditions this year have been disappointing
> compared with previous years.
>
> I will transmit for a while before hitting the sack, 135.921 QRSS30
>
> Regards,
> Peter, G3LDO
>
> e-mail <g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk>
>
> Web <http://web.ukonline.co.uk/g3ldo>
>
>
>
>


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Dear LF Group,

Thanks for the report from Peter and the ARGO grabs from Brian.
It seems the poor conditions are not affecting reception too
seriously.

Will be on again tonight.

Joe VO1NA
www.ucs.mun.ca/~jcraig/lfex.html



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Dear LF Group,

After trudging up the hill with snow shoes and my axe,
convincing three trees to relinqish one of the 100 metre
wires comprising my LF aerial and reconnecting everything,
the aerial is back to its orginal form.

Despite the poor conditions, the sigs were received well at
Brian's CT1DRP grabber this morning around 0700UTC.

The TX will be on again tonight/tomorrow morning on 137.777 kHz
QRSS30.

On another note, one should avoid aerial work during blizzards.
This morning, I found the experience quite electrifying as
a result of precip. static using me as an earth connection.

Joe VO1NA


From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Hello Jim and group,

Thanks for the capture, Jim.  I'm pleasantly surprised by this
very good reception with only one of the 100m wires of the
aerial; the amount of inductance required for resonance
only increased slightly (~10%) over the 2 wire system and
I was almost convinced that it was tuned to a 'false'
resonance.   The TX was off this morning, but will be on
again tonight/tomorrow morning.

Cheers
Joe

On Wed, 21 Jan 2004, James Moritz wrote:

> Dear Joe, LF group,
>
> Broken antenna wires notwithstanding, got quite good copy of VO1NA last
> night considering the relatively high level of QRN here. As usual, best
> reception was around dawn - see attachment.
>
> Cheers, Jim Moritz
> 73 de M0BMU
>


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On Wed, 21 Jan 2004, Alan Melia wrote:

> Hi Dick, it is not really all that necessary to use that chip. It is quite
> possible to drive the gates quite adequately with a PNP-NPN totem pair
> (emitter followers...the emitters to the output ...npn top pnp

I've been using this method to drive an IFR640 for almost a year.
The gate voltage is a bit dirty, but the output seems fine.
I'm using Class E per Alan's spreadsheet design.

Joe


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Hello Ed and LF Group,

The conditions were quite poor over the weekend. I
transmitted on Friday and Saturday, but could copy no
replies.  There was severe power line noise. Also
one half of my LF aerial wire came down in a wind storm
and became entangled in the tree tops. When the WX
gets better, I'll go up the hill with my snow-shoes
and my axe to rectify this problem.  Until then,
it's reduced ERP with  a single 100m wire on 137.777 kHz.

Thanks to RU6LA and OM2TW for their efforts.

Cheers
Joe VO1NA

On Mon, 19 Jan 2004, Ed Lesnichy wrote:

> Dear LF-enthusiasts!
>
> I have returned from a Machta (KN97LN)
> Has received much e-mails (TNX!). The summary later...
> Some conclusions from last acty: the propagation was very unstable on
> a distance up to 3000km at the night but for me there was by a surprise
> a very good and stable propagation to daytime (Jan 18)
>
> I made beacons:
> Jan 16-17 abt 23-6z 135.922+ QRSS60
> Jan 17 at daytime 137.7 QRSS3
> Jan 17-18 abt 23-4z QRSS60 with some 30min RX 137.777 in QRSS30
> Jan 18 at daytime till abt 12z 137.7 QRSS3
> Jan 18-19 22-5z 135.922+ QRSS60
>
> Nothing on 137.777 ;-(
> How in Northen America?
>
> Have carried out with Vlad UA6LV some experiments with ANTs on 160/80
> (CQ WW 160m at next weekend) - too had surprises
>
> 73! Ed RU6LA  ed@dx.ru  http://136.73.ru
>
> P.S. I have no any msgs from Rich's trip and any OM2TW's captures on
> 136kHz ;-(
>
>
>


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Peter,
I got an 'O'

Joe

On Fri, 16 Jan 2004, g3ldo wrote:

> Making a test transmission on 135.921kHz QRSS30 now
>
> Peter G3LDO
>
>
>


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Nil

Joe VO1NA



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Just a trace of CT1DRP on 2fcw but very strong sigs from DJ8WX.

Joe VO1NA




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I'll be watching 135.922 around 2130 and TX qrss20 on 137.777 on the hour.
Other sugestions are welcomed.

Joe VO1NA

On Mon, 12 Jan 2004, Gasparik Richard wrote:

> Hi LF-ers...
>
> I'll be QRV from 135m high vertical this weekend with the call OM2TW, OM5KM
> and maybe OM100TS. Mostly on CW, but also some QRSS acty. I'll try also T/A
> during the night time, maybe also QSO with VO1NA.
>
> Start:	 	friday March 16. at 1400Z
> QRT:		saturday March 17. at 1200Z
>
> Btw, still need some countries from Eu - EA, EI, GI, GW, CT, LX,
> OH0...etc...
>
> Skeds are welcome.
>
> Email: om2tw@nextra.sk
> Phone: +421 903 416609 (SMS)
> ICQ: 109360511
>
> Best regards
>
> 73 de Rich OM2TW
>
>


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Hi John and Congrats to you and NC!
I'm very grateful for LF help you've given me as well.

Well done !

Joe VO1NA



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John,

What do you think are the odds of CW between here and Holden
(about 1000 miles)?  I've been toying with the idea a bit.

Joe VO1NA

On Fri, 9 Jan 2004, John Andrews wrote:

> Dave,
>
> > Given that one of the big guns would probably have 15dB advantage on that
> > signal it might be worth monitoring reception until a peak is seen then
> > trying a CW call? Means staying up all night though!
>
> CW would have been very ambitious under those conditions. QRSS3 or 10 might
> have gotten the call sign through. My 3-second screen at that frequency is a
> horrid mess of Loran lines and local interference, however. The slow speed
> stuff has made the hobby possible in a location hardly suited for LF work.
> Others more out in the country might do better.
>
> John Andrews, W1TAG
>
>
>
>


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Very strong sigs from AQC.  I called on 777 but nothing but an
AC buzz after.

Joe VO1NA




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I saw LDO on 135.9205 something on .9235 and .9208 and called LDO, but
no reply.  I'm going QRT and QSX for XDW on 137.7735
Thanks to all.

Joe

On Mon, 5 Jan 2004 MarkusVester@aol.com wrote:

> Hi Joe and group,
>
> similar here: Just after 23:00, there was an "...o1...", but then the trace
> decayed to being unreadable. Noise is also louder than it was in the last two
> nights. - From receptions in the past, it seems that best SNR here occurs
> rather late, more like 03:00 to 07:00.
>
> For the rest of tonight, I will join the beaconing group on 135922.1 / .2
> dfcw, with extra long spaces between characters, to be able to continue watching
> 137777 and 137773.5.
>
> Best wishes, and thanks for trying
>
> Markus, DF6NM
>
>
> In einer eMail vom 06.01.2004 01:36:56 Westeuropäische Normalzeit schreibt
> g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk:
>
> > Received an N and part of an A. At the moment condx too poor and unstable
> > for a QSO at this time.
> > Switching over to receive on .77355
> >
> > Peter LDO
> >
> >
>
>


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Thanks Peter, G3LDO for pointing out that I left out the my TX mode.
I'll be running QRSS CW dot 20 and watching dot 60 to start. If
condx are OK will try dot 20 RX.  It takes just under half an hour
to send "VO1NA K"  at dot 20.  After this I'll RX for half an hour.

Cheers
Joe



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Alan G3NYK is predicting favourable condx for possible QSO's
so starting at 2300 tonight, I'll  TX 137.777 kHz and
RX 135.922 kHz +- 1.5 Hz starting 2330.  Will
repeat this at 0000 and activate beacon if no QSO.

Good signals have been received from CT1DRP, PA0SE, DF6NM
on a 15 turn 5 foot square loop.

Cheers
Joe VO1NA

PS thanks to G3NYK PA0SE and G3WKL for helping me find my problem with
the reflector.


From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Hello Dick and the group,

there are many MOSFET drivers on the market.

Some examples:
  Maxim MAX626/627/628 www.maxim-ic.com
  International Rectifier IR21xx / IR21xxx www.irf.com
  Intersil HIP408x, ICL7667 www.intersil.com
  Elantec EL7002/7012/7022 www.???
  
As Alan mentioned, a dedicated driver IC is not always necessary.
The MOSFET gates can be adequately driven by a simple
complementary transistor buffer unless extremely fast rise/fall
times are required.


> Probably my first experimental 137kHz set-up will be something
> like the DF3LP "impatient design", simple straight in the old
> fashioned way...

It is equally easy to build a "true" class E amplifier which has many
advantages. When properly tuned, it runs amazingly cool and class E
is inherently free from "MOSFET killer" voltage spikes.
The transistor current is very low at the switching instants so the drive
waveform is not very important, it can be quite "non-square" (it should
have 50% duty cycle though). Some HF class E designs even use
sine wave drive! The only downside that I can think of is that the
"transistor utilization factor" is quite low - less output power per
transistor when compared to some other amplifier topologies such
as class D. The reason is simply that the peak drain voltage in a
class E amplifier is almost 4 * supply voltage...

Jim Tonne has written a nice little program for class E design,
CLASSE101.ZIP is available here:

http://www.qsl.net/wb6bld/classe.html

Also, have a look at SOKAL.ZIP on the same page. It contains
a PDF paper with general information about class E. It was
written by Nathan Sokal, "Mr Class E" himself :-)

73
Johan Bodin, SM6LKM



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Dear All,

Bernt SM6BHZ asked me to send the following
information to the LF reflector:

Today, January 15, the amateur radio club of Gothenburg (GSA)
will transmit a special programme on medium wave to commemorate
the first regular broadcast transmission made by K.G. Eliasson
in Gothenburg exactly 80 years ago. The callsign was SMZX
and the original frequency 652 kHz.


Today's transmission:

  Time:  1700-2100 UTC
  Freq:  981 kHz
  Mode:  AM
  Pwr:  350W carrier
  Ant:  13m vertical on metal roof, 1.5m diameter top hat (*)
  Callsign: SMXZ

(*) SM6BHZ built the antenna in a hurry this morning, Rfeed = 13 ohms.


73
Johan Bodin SM6LKM



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Hello all,

G0MRF wrote:
> JT65 is part of a suite of programmes called WSJT. (Weak Signals by  W1JT)

In case you didn't know, Joe Taylor W1JT won the Nobel prize in physics in 1993:

http://www.arrl.org/news/stories/2002/05/14/100/?nc=1

73
Johan SM6LKM



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From: "Johan Bodin" <jbodin@tele2.se>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org,  lowfer@mailman.qth.net
References: <Pine.LNX.4.44.0312311357490.28788-100000@willow.nutstreet.net> <000d01c3d06e$8aa2a240$4a407ad5@rogersservices>
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Gentlemen, you must see this:

http://www.j-walk.com/other/wifispray/

Do you think it will work on LF too? :o)

73

Happy New Year

Johan SM6LKM



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Peter,

> Sending a short (0ne hour or so) transmission QRSS30 135.920.5

Nothing seen on my captures here.

John Andrews



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Rich,

> Here are chokes for AC/RF insulation...

Nice picture! I doubt if the AC chokes on the left are a big problem. I'm
guessing that the rings around the feed line were for coupling an FM or
other VHF signal to a transmission line on the tower. They should have no
effect on the present issue.

I do think that you are coupling into a low resistance though, and will have
to transform up to 50 ohms.

John Andrews




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From: "John Andrews" <w1tag@charter.net>
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Rich,

Two possiblities:

1. As Rik pointed out, it is common practice to provide a DC ground path for
MW towers. This would be done with an inductor, and it may not have enough
reactance at 136 kHz.

2. If the tower has obstruction lights, their wiring was decoupled (at the
original MF) by series inductors (RF chokes) or by a transformer with a wide
air gap between the primary and secondary windings (an "Austin"
transformer). If the decoupling was done with chokes, they again may not
have enough inductance at 136 to avoid a big transformation of the base
impedance.

If the above suggestions are ruled out, then Jim's comment about the low
base resistance should be noted. You could transform the low resistance with
a transformer, as he described, or just ground the low end of the loading
coil, and connect the transmitter to a tap. This actually forms an "L"
network, and is the simplest way to feed a short vertical where a 50 ohm
match is required. Lacking an impedance bridge, it would be helpful to have
an SWR indication to know where to place the tap.

John Andrews, W1TAG




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Peter,

There's some signal beginning to show as of 0000. Captures every 15 mins at:
http://webpages.charter.net/w1tag/135-1.jpg

John Andrews




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Peter,

Started watching at 2345.

John Andrews



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References: <007a01c3d870$20dd0bc0$0500a8c0@charter.net> <304614133.20040112111754@dx.ru> <002801c3d90b$b41134c0$0500a8c0@charter.net> <004401c3d914$cdb10690$1f00a8c0@dellboy>
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Dave,

We did some tests a couple of years ago involving two similar stations near
each other that were about 1800 km from me. One ran QRSS60, the other WOLF.
I think we did the tests for about a week, and found similar results.
Neither had a clear advantage over that period. The conclusion was that the
effectiveness of WOLF was about the same as QRSS60.

While our QSO of yesterday did not fully exercise WOLF's capability, do
realize that we were receiving 15 characters in a 20 minute period. QRSS60
can't do that!

As originally conceived by Stewart Nelson, the "reference channel" could be
used to exchange signal report information. Neither that nor real-time
decoding has been realized, however. It does remain an interesting mode,
with a number of limitations as listed in Alan Melia's message of this
morning. For U.S. Lowfers, bandwidth is not an issue, and the potential for
anything but very local interference is limited.

I do believe that gps-locked slower BPSK has more potential at LF, and am
slowly working on getting set up for that. Underline the word "slowly,"
though!

John Andrews, W1TAG




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Ed,

> US's Lowfers have saved wide experience in reception of very weak
> signals on LF - when already they will appear on 136 or 160-190kHz for
> longway 2-way QSO with high-grade ERP?

The proposal for an amateur band was turned down in May, 2003. It would be
years before we could have another chance. There are already some
experimental (non-amateur) licenses in that range, and hopefully more will
be coming.

> Whether who has made 2-way QSO on WOLF in Europe?

I do not think that anyone else has done a 2-way QSO. The earlier activity
has all been with beacons.

> When (date) Stewart KK7KA has made WOLF mode?

Early in 2001, I think. K0LR was transmitting in February, 2001, and he was
the first in the U.S.

John Andrews, W1TAG




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From: "John Andrews" <w1tag@charter.net>
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After much trying, Lowfers NC and TAG (671 mile path) have finally succeeded
with the first known WOLF QSO. We had tried this at night a couple of years
ago, but the fading created a lot of missed copy. Testing in December, 2003
encouraged us to work in the daytime, but we just missed a period of good
daylight propagation by waiting until after Christmas. We have been doing
spot checks since, and tried again yesterday, following Dex's good copy of
TAG on Friday. We couldn't make it go in both directions, however, and quit
after a couple of hours.

Following Alan Melia's suggestion that the daytime path might be good two
days after a CME impact, we tried it again this morning. It worked! The
results are spelled out in detail at:
http://webpages.charter.net/w1tag/wolfqso.htm

Thanks to Dex for his patience, to Alan for his advice, and to Stewart
Nelson for writing the program.

John Andrews, W1TAG




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Nothing identifiable was seen in the 135.922 area overnight. 

John Andrews, W1TAG



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Dave,

Thanks for the info. Captures will be posted every 15 minutes at:
http://webpages.charter.net/w1tag/135-1.jpg

John Andrews



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Dave,

> Is anyone over there watching tonight, and if so, what do conditions look
> like?

I will be watching 135.919 - 135.925 starting at 2300. Argo 30 second slow
screen.

John Andrews




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Date: Fri, 9 Jan 2004 12:58:40 -0000
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Dave,

> Given that one of the big guns would probably have 15dB advantage on that
> signal it might be worth monitoring reception until a peak is seen then
> trying a CW call? Means staying up all night though!

CW would have been very ambitious under those conditions. QRSS3 or 10 might
have gotten the call sign through. My 3-second screen at that frequency is a
horrid mess of Loran lines and local interference, however. The slow speed
stuff has made the hobby possible in a location hardly suited for LF work.
Others more out in the country might do better.

John Andrews, W1TAG




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "John Andrews" <w1tag@charter.net>
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Dave,

As it turned out, there were only two peaks that permitted any copy.
Unfortunately, I goofed and didn't capture all of the first peak. It did
show part of the "Y" and the complete "XM." Here is the section that WAS
saved:
http://webpages.charter.net/w1tag/files/YXM1.jpg

A later capture on a 60 second screen again has the "XM":
http://webpages.charter.net/w1tag/files/YXM2.jpg

This qualifies for nothing, but is interesting to illustrate the duration of
the peaks. No other signals were seen, though it looked like something was
happening on 135923.0 several times.

John Andrews, W1TAG




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From: "John Andrews" <w1tag@charter.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <3FFDD87C.F0EF0309@att.net> <3FFDDE47.C1107691@att.net> <006901c3d641$b90d70f0$1f00a8c0@dellboy>
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I got the end of the "Y," followed by a clear "XM" on 135.920 ending around
0130. The signal then faded, and I had a half-hour of elevated local noise.
As of 0230, I can see a faint trace on 135.920, but nothing identifiable.
Will leave the captures running overnight. The screen is set for 60 second
dots, and covers 135.919 to 135.922. Early risers might want to give it a
try. Captures at:
http://webpages.charter.net/w1tag/135-1.jpg

John Andrews, W1TAG




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Dave,

Keep sending! Am getting what I believe is your signal on 135.920 (exactly).
Screen shots will follow when I have more copy.

John Andrews, W1TAG




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135.922 signals disappeared here about an hour ago. No sign of anything but
noise.

John Andrews




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Dex and I are both seeing CT1DRP as of 2330.

John Andrews



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Dick,

The original screen shots are posted at:
http://webpages.charter.net/w1tag/files/SNAG-0006.jpg
http://webpages.charter.net/w1tag/files/SNAG-0007.jpg
http://webpages.charter.net/w1tag/files/SNAG-0008.jpg

John Andrews, W1TAG



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From: "John Andrews" <w1tag@charter.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <5.2.0.9.2.20040104014313.00b2d1d0@pop.vianw.pt>
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A screen shot from the 0100 - 0200 hour may be seen at:
http://webpages.charter.net/w1tag/files/DRPNM.jpg

Brian is very clearly visible at the top, and Markus had a good stretch in
the middle. I can't positively identify anyone else.

John Andrews




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As of 0100, I can identify pieces of CT1DRP and DF6NM, thanks to Marcus'
list. Signals are improving... neither of those was visible an hour ago.

John Andrews




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Markus,

Thanks for the updates. Dex, Jay and I are watching, but there's not much to
report yet. I seem to have a lot of local electrical noise tonight...
hopefully that will calm down.

John Andrews




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Peter's signal was visible all night, and got considerably better after
0300. Here is a capture from 0630:
http://webpages.charter.net/w1tag/files/SNAG-0039.jpg
Final fadeout was about 0845.

No other signals could be positively identified. There were some strange
things going on, but I believe they were more local.

Congratulations to Markus on being copied in AK. This is not his first
pond-crossing, however.

John Andrews, W1TAG




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As of 0300, Peter has been up and down, but is still visible. Nothing else
seen here... will leave captures running overnight.

W4DEX has some odd activity at 135922.3/4, but it's very faint. No sign of
it here.

John Andrews




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Still shaky copy of G3LDO at 0130, nothing else.

John A.



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As of 0100, Peter is slowly picking up, but no other sigs can be identified
yet.

John A.




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As of 0030, am only seeing a faint trace of what may be G3LDO, based on
Markus' lineup. Nothing else at present.

John A.




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From: "John Andrews" <w1tag@charter.net>
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Markus,

>tonight's Eu beacons at 23:15 UT are / were...

Nothing seen thus far.

John Andrews, W1TAG



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "John Rabson" <word.factory@zetnet.co.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <000c01c3e02e$600a21a0$01eafc3e@l8p8y6>
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It's when a bank of capacitors totalling a quarter of a Farad at 24 volts is
connected with wrong polarity that things start to get spectacular.

73
John G3PAI

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "hamilton mal" <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Wednesday, January 21, 2004 2:53 PM
Subject: LF: SOFT START


Hi All
Surprisingly, most high power amps do not have a SOFT START, and judging by
the thump at times on switch on, it is even more surprising that the power
supply does not explode. In recent times I use a variac and gradually adjust
it to full voltages.
This is overkill and a more simple cct would suffice. I lost  one mains
transformer a few years ago and the replacement cost more than the amp was
worth. Some of the PSU'S for low voltage high current  FET AMPS used in LF
applications are even more vunerable ie 12 - 24 V at 20 - 100 A. Most
Amateurs that I have spoken to do not realize the danger involved. One of
the bean can size electrolytics 200 mfd capacity exploding would be like
firing a mortar, probably demolish the house in some cases. The stone built
country house would probably survive.If you are dabbling with QRP there is
no need to worry.

73 de Mal/G3KEV





From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "John Rabson" <word.factory@zetnet.co.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <000d01c3de82$b510d5c0$5967fea9@p4o2b7>
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Ian,

Sorry to see you go, but many thanks for your contributions to the art and
your encouragement of others. May I call upon your expertise from time to
time when trying to resolve weak signal and low SNR problems (these continue
to arise with subterranean activities)?

I hope your health will improve.

Regards,
John Rabson G3PAI
Editor
Cave Radio and Electronics Group Journal
British Cave Research Association
Tel: +44 (0)1394 460 298
Fax: +44 (0)1is394 420 795

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Ian Kyle" <ianj.kyle@virgin.net>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Monday, January 19, 2004 11:51 AM
Subject: LF: LF Activity.


> Good morning all,
> this posting is simply to inform any interested party or parties that as
> from 1300z today I am quitting LF.
> Poor health coupled with bad weather has meant that there is a backlog of
> repair work needed  on the "outside bits" (as well as a new TX) and I no
> longer have either the physical or mental resources to undertake all this
> work - never mind any motivation.
> It has been interesting and fun, but there are other things I wish to try
so
> this afternoon the LF antenna will come down. I shall remain on the
> reflector for a while yet, so 'bye for now' to all those with whom I have
> had enjoyable contact - either on air or by e-mail.
>
> 73 de,
>
> Ian GI8AYZ/MI0AYZ
>
>
>



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "John Rabson" <word.factory@zetnet.co.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <5.1.0.14.0.20040114120559.0329e590@u0019445.kuleuven.be> <001301c3daa0$082634d0$0702a8c0@parissn2>
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Fifty years ago, the rule for British English was that if the word derived
from ancient Greek and had a zeta in the suffix it should use '-ize',
otherwise '-ise'. Words with a sigma in the suffix were supposed to use
'-ise' even then. Anything of Latin originthis was always supposed to
use'-ise'.

Nowadays common usage is -ise for almost everything. For a fuller
discussion, see page 28 of The Times for Tuesday January 13 2004.

Regarding Rik's spelling checker, I find that with Microsoft Word set to
British English, I'm still sometimes reprimanded for using '-ise'.

73
John Rabson G3PAI



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "John Rabson" <word.factory@zetnet.co.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <000b01c3da88$611cf140$9f96883e@d6y6c7> <5.1.0.14.0.20040114153159.0359fdd8@u0019445.kuleuven.be>
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I seem to recall from an old version of Reference Data for Radio Engineers
that transatlantic liners on 143 kHz could achieve a radiation efficiency of
nearly 2% with their flattops slung between the funnels.

73
John Rabson G3PAI



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Hi,

As there is an LF/VLF part to this activity, may I suggest you also post it
(and anything similar) to rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org

(I would have replied in French, but I am having problems with my French
language dictation software).

73
John Rabson G3PAI
REF 15955

----- Original Message ----- 
From: <Jean-Louis.RAULT@fr.thalesgroup.com>
To: <LF_VLF_ELF@yahoogroupes.fr>
Cc: <gaston.bertels@skynet.be>; <amsat-bb@amsat.org>; <c.avmdti@free.fr>;
<christophe.mercier@thalesgroup.com>
Sent: Tuesday, January 13, 2004 7:35 AM
Subject: [LF_VLF_ELF] AMSAT-France balloons


> Hi all
>
> At the end of 2003, AMSAT-France proposed to french amateurs some free
place
> onboard their 2004 balloons for any scientific interesting experiences.
> Two projects have been selected:
> - a first payload designed par Jean-Paul F5BU consisting in a miniaturised
> data logger (the purpose of which is to study long duration flights of sea
> birds like albatros, as well as penguins deep divings)
> - a second one, developped by Thierry Alves, which is a VLF receiver with
a
> VHF or UHF radio downlink.
>
> The first launch is planned at the end of april 2004, the second one
should
> take place around november 2004.
> The duration of each flight is about 3 hours, the maximum altitude should
be
> around 100 000 feet.
> The VLF data transmitted via a 144 MHz or a 432 MHz FM transmitter should
be
> audible with radioamateur means in France, BENELUX, part of UK and
Germany,
> and Switzerland.
>
> 73 de Jean-Louis F6AGR
> President AMSAT-F
>
> Pour vous désinscrire de ce groupe, envoyez un e-mail ŕ :
> LF_VLF_ELF-unsubscribe@yahoogroupes.fr
>
>
>
> L'utilisation du service Yahoo! Groupes est soumise ŕ l'acceptation des
> Conditions d'utilisation et de la Charte sur la vie privée, disponibles
> respectivement sur http://fr.docs.yahoo.com/info/utos.html et
> http://fr.docs.yahoo.com/info/privacy.html
>
>
>
>
>



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From: "John Rabson" <word.factory@zetnet.co.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <5047BBB4.205C80C5.0000CE2C@aol.com> <001301c3d88e$844a66d0$ee9bfea9@oben>
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----- Original Message ----- 
From: "dj9dw" <dj9dw@t-online.de>

> [...] I even thought of the PSU, which is stabilized by 5
> times 3055. Is that cazy?
No. If you get inexplicable behaviour in a piece of electronics and none of
the obvious things cure it, check the purity of the DC supply rails. This I
learned many years ago when working for STC on stabilised power supplies.

73
John Rabson G3PAI



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "John Rabson" <word.factory@zetnet.co.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <6.0.1.1.2.20031229161651.027e8660@POP3.freeler.nl> <000001c3d009$acf7a620$c7e47f50@Smisan> <6.0.1.1.2.20040103121138.0280f960@POP3.freeler.nl>
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Subject: Re: LF: Re: "T" versus "L"aerial
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How much horizontally polarised skywave is there and how well does it
propagate?

Would it be worth constructing an aerial that favoured skywave?

73
John Rabson G3PAI

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Dick Rollema" <d.w.rollema@freeler.nl>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Saturday, January 03, 2004 11:30 AM
Subject: RE: LF: Re: "T" versus "L"aerial


> To All from PA0SE,
>
> Mike,  PC4M, wrote:
>
> At 02:50 1-1-04, you wrote:
> >Dear Dick / Bob and Lofers,
> >
> >Does the computer calculate the earth losses in the return path from the
> >aerial system to the transmitter? If it would then the earth losses in a
T
> >should have been significantly less then the L alternative. There are two
> >separate return currents
> >(parallel resistance) and each with a smaler physical length (lower
> >R-earth)  in a T system resulting in more ERP if compared to an L system.
>
> In the computer simulation no resistances were included. That means that
> the 1 kW fed to the aerial is completely radiated. Even an extremelly
short
> vertical with no top load would do so and produce the calculated 29.9mV/m
> at 10km
>
> Bu the point raised by Bob, ZL2CA, was that the current in the single wire
> topload  of the "L" would generate a horizontally polarised field. In the
> "T" the currents  in the two topload wires flow in opposite directions so
> the horizontally polarised fields caused by these currents would at least
> partially cancel each other.
> The horizontally polarised field is radiated as a sky wave and the power
in
> it detracts from that in the vertically polarised field of the ground
wave.
> If the above reasoning were correct it could be expected that the "T"
would
> produce a stronger ground wave than the "L" because less power disappears
> in the horizontally polarised sky wave.
> The simulation has shown that this is not the case.
>
> The subject of losses in the earth  and surrounding objects has been
> treated very well by Jim, M0BMU, in his e-mail.
>
> 73, Dick, PA0SE
>
>
> >-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
> >Van: owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
> >[mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org] Namens Dick Rollema
> >Verzonden: maandag 29 december 2003 16:37
> >Aan: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
> >Onderwerp: Re: LF: Re: "T" versus "L"aerial
> >
> >To All from PA0SE
> >
> >Bob, ZL2AC wrote:
> >
> >
> >
> >Dick PA0SE,
> >
> >Fine on the test result.  As you stated, the tested T has twice the
amount
> >of top loading wire (2x 20 metres) than the L (1x 20 metres).
> >
> >It would be interesting to know if a T is better than an L for constant
> >length top loading i.e. what the difference is if the upwire joins at the
> >end or the middle of the horizontal top wire (theory suggests the T is
> >better as there is minimal horizontally polarised component).
> >
> >Bob,  I cannot answer your question by a practical experiment but used
> >computer simulation instead by means of K6STI's program Antenna
Optimizer.
> >
> >I modeled two antennas with a vertical element of 20m.  One an Inverted
> >L-antenna with a horizontal top load wire of 40m. The other a T-antenna
> >with a top load of 2 x 20m.
> >Both antennas  without losses, over perfect ground and fed with 1kW.
> >
> >At a distance of 10km (so well outside the near field region) and over
> >perfect ground both antennas produced a vertically polarised field of
> >29.9mV/m. The horizontally polarised field was zero; but this is to be
> >expected because over a perfect conducting ground a horizontal field
> >component cannot exist.
> >
> >73, Dick, PA0SE
> >
> >Original message:
> >
> >
> >To: <mailto:rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>LF-Group
> >Sent: Sunday, December 28, 2003 3:09 AM
> >Subject: LF: "T" versus "L"aerial
> >To All from PA0SE
> >Further to my e-mail of 26 December I measured the field strength as
> >radiated by the aerial in
> >Inverted L-configuration. From this I found EMRP = 57 milliwatt.
> >This confirms the benificial effect of top loading. The T-aerial radiated
> >140 milliwatt.
> >So going from a single 20m top load wire for the "L" to 2 x 20m for the
> >"T" resulted in an improvement by a factor 2.46 (3.9dB) in radiated
power.
> >The vertical part of the "T" consisted of an open wire feedline of 11m
> >with the two wires connected in parallel in the attic shack. For the "L"
> >one of the feedline wires was removed. I assume this did not appreciably
> >affect the EMRP.
> >73, Dick, PA0SE
>



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From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Jos=E9_Manuel?= <jpradoes@telefonica.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <001301c3de7a$dade8b60$fe79a8c0@PCVONWALTER> <4010040925.20040119114525@dx.ru> <000a01c3dea1$7a180000$6507a8c0@Main>
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Hi Alan, Ed and all:

I think that the Machta-Porto and Machta-La Coruńa paths are very similar
(about 3700 km), but this weekend I realized that the peaks and the deeps of
the signals at this end of the hop didn´t coincide at the same time. Can be
this considered logic?

73 de José, EA1PX


----- Original Message -----
From: "Alan Melia" <Alan.Melia@btinternet.com>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Monday, January 19, 2004 4:32 PM
Subject: LF: Re: RU6LA acty


>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Ed Lesnichy" <ed@dx.ru>
> To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
> Sent: 19 January 2004 11:45
> Subject: LF: RU6LA acty
>
>
> > Dear LF-enthusiasts!
> > Some conclusions from last acty: the propagation was very unstable on
> > a distance up to 3000km at the night but for me there was by a surprise
> > a very good and stable propagation to daytime (Jan 18)
>
> Hi Ed, I guess I was a bit too optimistic. The geomagnetic condition
> continued to be unsettled (Kp=4) and precipitate electrons into the
D-layer.
> The result was to "top-up" a "reflecting" daytime layer at about 50kms,
> giving enhanced daytime propagation, but at night, persistant ionisation
> gave absorption, limiting levels but with fairly short period deep fading.
I
> have a plot from Brian from the 17th that displays this. The daytime
> enhancement between DCF39 and CT1 was 10dB higher than average at 1200z.
> Brian's daytime signal from DCF39 is by skywave and on average is some
20dB
> above the groundwave signal at about mid-day. It normally needs a major
> geomag storm in the summer to give enhancement of of 10dB on top of this
in
> daytime.
>
> Thanks for your efforts
> Regards de Alan G3NYK
> alan..melia@btinternet.com
>
>
>




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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<META content="MSHTML 6.00.2600.0" name=GENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hi all:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Does anyone receive a continuous transmission of 
dot and spaces at about 12 secs period, on 135914.1 Hz?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73 de José, EA1PX</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From: "Laurence KL1X" <hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org,  lowfer@mailman.qth.net
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KL1X.com will be intermittent then off (!) from around 2 Feb when I spool 
down the IIS server at home. The LWCA link to lowfer beacon status page will 
break at this time as well as the other links.

Hopefully it will return sometime in the future. Good luck and lets hope for 
more quietish conditions....

Laurence KL1X - back in Alaska for a week packing.

_________________________________________________________________
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Tower comes down today/tmw in Anchorage - station is QRT on receive/argo/web

Moose chomped LDF450 feed two days ago hence no rx web signals past period.
Cheers
Laurence in W5

_________________________________________________________________
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From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Date: Fri, 09 Jan 2004 06:54:35 -0900
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Subject: Re: LF: 183 kHz BC Q5 in NC at sunset!
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Mine too ! two overlapping screens 135,920.8-925.5 dot 60

Laurence KL1X operating remote in W5...
uploadis viewable at http://www.kl1x.com


>From: Dexter McIntyre W4DEX <dmcintyre@att.net>
>Reply-To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
>To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
>Subject: Re: LF: 183 kHz BC Q5 in NC at sunset!
>Date: Fri, 09 Jan 2004 15:36:16 +0000
>
>
>
>Dave Pick wrote:
>
> > I did move down to 920 to avoid Dex's Loran line.
> >
>
>Dave,
>
>Sorry to say but you moved out of my Argo window.  I am watching and 
>uploading
>920.5 to 923.5.  Check out my loran lines at the real time Argo from NC 
>posted
>at:
>
>http://www.w4dex.com/argo/135khz.htm
>
>Dex
>
>

_________________________________________________________________
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Today and for the next few days we are due to have 75-90mph winds with 
higher gusts, and temps around -20C, so I expect the tower pulldown will be 
delayed.

Ill leave the receiver  on (only) and push captures to the web site.


When you see the Loran lines gone it either means the tower has been taken 
down, one of my connections has come adift, or Ive run out of disk space.

Thanks for all the emails of support.

Laurence KL1X
Anchorage
http://www.kl1x.com

_________________________________________________________________
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XDW on 0235z @ 2.5A - heavy hoar frost on array

Laurence
kl1x
137,77355 dot 60 xdw

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From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Laurence KL1X" <hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com>
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KL1X/WD2XDW will be closing down from Anchorage on  this Tuesday 6th Jan 
1700Z. The Rhon 45 tower will be taken down this week if the winds abate.

The beacon will be on later this evening from appx 0100Z for the last night 
of receiving and transmitter periods. (Also listening Lowfer band too)

Its been fun and educational too and Im sad at leaving Alaska, but glad we 
had another part winter.

Will hopefully reappear sometime later in W5 land.


Vy 73 Laurence

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From: "Laurence KL1X" <hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com>
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XDW is Off for receive and transmit  from 1700Z Monday till advised -

Snow and ice clearance from nearby roofs using high pressure steam lances. 
Ice is some 12 inches thick, and snow another 14 - a weighty problem.

Just short traces and splurges last night on 135,922 arena

Laurence
wd2xdw/kl1x

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From: "Laurence KL1X" <hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com>
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Same here at the moment - dcf is down at the moment - but its just dusk here 
so time to improve (!)

Laurence



>From: "John Andrews" <w1tag@charter.net>
>Reply-To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
>To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
>Subject: LF: Re: TA beaconing Mon 0:15 UT
>Date: Mon, 5 Jan 2004 01:06:33 -0000
>
>135.922 signals disappeared here about an hour ago. No sign of anything but
>noise.
>
>John Andrews
>
>
>

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DCF39 approaching s9 at 2250Z, thats 1350 Alaskan local. Low noise level.
Looking...

Laurence KL1X Anchorage

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From: "Laurence KL1X" <hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com>
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Nice work Markus - Ive just spend the last four hours clearing some 2500 
jpeg file entries and saving the important ones so glad youve done that 
before I hit the delete key.

Loran on 135,922 with quick agc @ 200Hz  peaks 5/9; Im glad we have QRSS, 
and Im glad Ive got a TS870!

Although we are still in a higher wind stream from a coronal hole, it hasnt 
hit the K too hard and Im hoping (fingers and everything else) that we 
quieten down now for a few days. That new big sun post worries me a bit 
though..

DCF is audible now at around s5 at Alaskan midday, no, its up to s7 again, 
which is a good sign for this time of year (it would be a bad sign in the 
summer....)...so heres hoping again this evening. BBCR4 is 198KHz the 
strongest ive heard it  this year too - strange stuff this LF.

Im running the beacon at close to 4 amps aerial current  as the temps are 
around -20C and clear (and beautiful)

Looking forward to seeing more stations and perhaps a trace of XDW in 
Eu/Americas. If I see something strong Ill probably knock off the beacon 
whilst IDing.

Laurence KL1X bp41xd\
wd2xdw 137,77356 dot 60 XDW


>From: MarkusVester@aol.com
>Reply-To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
>To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
>Subject: LF: Laurence's images of Jan 3. and 4.
>Date: Sun, 4 Jan 2004 16:07:31 EST
>
>Dear Laurence and LF group,
>
>

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From: "Laurence KL1X" <hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com>
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Subject: RE: LF: Re: TA beaconing Sat/Sun 23:20
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Lots of weaker traces this evening and no full calls only bits.

All things being equal, Ive traces of CT1DRP,DK1IS, DF6NM, strongish of dot 
dashes from SM6BHZ and trace Dj8WX - apologies for any errors in the calls.


Conditions are only fair this evening and way down from peak  the geo hits 
us pretty quickly here.

The beacon is back on and Im now only receiving between characters.

I suffering from nearly 4 hours of Lord of the Rings in a noisy cinema...I  
left the beacon off whilst we were out at the temps/tuning were dropping 
very fast.

My cal was 0.07 Hz off on my argo displays - they were recalibrated on the 
web site at 0435Z 3rd

Laurence
kl1x/wd2xdw 137,77357



>From: "g3ldo" <g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk>
>Reply-To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
>To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
>Subject: LF: Re: TA beaconing Sat/Sun 23:20
>Date: Sun, 4 Jan 2004 01:00:46 -0000
>
>
>Markus, DF6NM, said
>
>-------------------------------------------------
>at 23:20 UT, the following stations were seen on air:
>
>135923.45/.55  CT1DRP dfcw 60s  ~-3dBľV/m
>135922.50/.70  DK1IS dfcw 150s  36dBľV/m
>135922.2/.3  DF6NM dfcw 60+20s (starting 23:40, 0.1Hz lower than yesterday)
>135921.93  PA0SE qrss 120s  ~13dBľV/m
>135921.52  SM6BHZ  qrss 60s  18dBľV/m
>135920.86  DJ8WX qrss 30s  ~10dBľV/m
>135919.75  DJ2LF qrss 60s  42dBľV/m
>--------------------------------------------------------
>
>All signals seen here, some very strong - looks like a snowball fight!
>Going into listening/looking mode tonight around 137.77kHz.
>
>My TS-850 has died and am using the IC-705. With the larger resonated
>transmitting antenna it seems reasonably sensitive and more stable than the
>standard 850.
>
>Good luck to the transmitting group.
>
>Regards,
>Peter, G3LDO
>
>
>
>
>
>
>

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From: "Laurence KL1X" <hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Date: Sat, 03 Jan 2004 10:25:50 -0900
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I also see dot 60  traces on my captures on PA0SE's announced frequency...

LAurence KL1X
-5F and clear

>From: "g3ldo" <g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk>
>Reply-To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
>To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
>Subject: LF: Re: TA beaconing Date: Sat, 3 Jan 2004 18:59:52 -0000
>
>Markus, DF6NM said:
>-----------------------------------
>Before midnight UT, Peter joined in, and DJ8WO came back on a new QRG:
>
>135923.13 G3LDO qrss 60s (14dBľV/m qsb)
>135922.3/.4 DF6NM  dfcw 60s/20s (~170mW EMRP)
>135921.89 PA0SE  qrss 60s  (~13dBľV/m qsb)
>135920.86 DJ8WO qrss 30s (13dBľV/m)
>------------------------------------
>
>Congratulations to Markus and Laurence for the transmission and reception 
>of
>dfcw signals on 135.92kHz. Quite an achievement with such a low ERP.
>
>My frequency checks.
>My DDS unit read 135.923.
>My 6667 Philips frequency counter said 135.923.1. This dropped to 135.922.9
>at the end of the transmission due to shack temperature rise.
>This agrees well with the images from Jay and John. Laurence's frequency
>shows 423.05, which means, I guess, 135.923.05 (a closer setting of the
>receiver to the actual received signal).
>Many thanks for the pictures.
>
>Regards,
>Peter, G3LDO
>
>e-mail <g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>

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From: "Laurence KL1X" <hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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Subject: LF: Tpol to Eu
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http://www.kl1x.com/ldo.jpg

Good  "LDO" copy from Peter near to 423 and probably Marcus on DFCW ?

the splurge is more than annoying

LAurence kl1x bp41xd
Beacon back on...
137,77355

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From: "Laurence KL1X" <hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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Have the same here - good "O' from  "LDO" from Peter

- DFCW on 922,3/4 was good for a while but splurge from an X box ruined 
capture.

Im knocking beacon on and off whilst capturing.....perhaps I should leave it 
on! Oh decisions, decisions, decisions....

Laurence KL1X
wd2xdw


>From: "John Andrews" <w1tag@charter.net>
>Reply-To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
>To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
>Subject: LF: Re: TA beaconing update
>Date: Sat, 3 Jan 2004 03:06:58 -0000
>
>As of 0300, Peter has been up and down, but is still visible. Nothing else
>seen here... will leave captures running overnight.
>
>W4DEX has some odd activity at 135922.3/4, but it's very faint. No sign of
>it here.
>
>John Andrews
>
>
>

_________________________________________________________________
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0230Z

I have dfcw signal 135,922.3 and 4 (hi) and dot 60 signal on 135,923,36 or 
so

Heavy qrn from splurge mucking things up...

Laurence

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From: "Laurence KL1X" <hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com>
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Traces of Peter here too..but I have large splurgy going thru at the moment 
which isnt helping.

Laurence


>From: "John Andrews" <w1tag@charter.net>
>Reply-To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
>To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
>Subject: LF: Re: TA beaconing update
>Date: Sat, 3 Jan 2004 01:04:47 -0000
>
>As of 0100, Peter is slowly picking up, but no other sigs can be identified
>yet.
>
>John A.
>
>
>

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Vesitiges of signals on 921.90 and 923.13

Laurence KL1X - DCF39 at s9 and getting better


>From: MarkusVester@aol.com
>Reply-To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
>To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
>Subject: LF: TA beaconing update
>Date: Fri, 2 Jan 2004 19:20:54 EST
>
>Before midnight UT, Peter joined in, and DJ8WO came back on a new QRG:
>
>135923.13 G3LDO qrss 60s (14dBľV/m qsb)
>135922.3/.4 DF6NM  dfcw 60s/20s (~170mW EMRP)
>135921.89 PA0SE  qrss 60s  (~13dBľV/m qsb)
>135920.86 DJ8WO qrss 30s (13dBľV/m)
>
>Markus
>DF6NM in JN59NK
>
>
>MarkusVester@aol.com wrote:
>
> > Hello America ;-)
> >
> > tonight's Eu beacons at 23:15 UT are / were
> >
> > 135921.79 DJ8?O  QRSS 30s  (~13dBľV/m, QRT at 22:50 before I got a 
>complete
> > callsign)
> > 135921.89 PA0SE  QRSS 60s  (~13dBľV/m)
> > 135922.35 DF6NM  0.1Hz DFCW 60s/20s  (~177dBľV/m on the roof beneath the
> > antenna ;-)
> >
> > Good luck to all
> >
> > Markus
> >
>

_________________________________________________________________
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From: "LAWRENCE MAYHEAD" <laurie@g3aqc.freeserve.co.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Date: Fri, 30 Jan 2004 22:32:13 -0000
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Congratulations to Dick for making it across.
For information I monitored VO1NA last night ,there were traces around 0100
but the signal improved to "M"at 0300, then "O" copy 0500- 0530, fading
later, although still visible at 0700.
73 Laurie.



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From: "LAWRENCE MAYHEAD" <laurie@g3aqc.freeserve.co.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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----- Original Message -----
From: "Ian Kyle" <ianj.kyle@virgin.net>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Monday, January 19, 2004 11:51 AM
Subject: LF: LF Activity.


> Good morning all,
> this posting is simply to inform any interested party or parties that as
> from 1300z today I am quitting LF.
>
>
> Ian GI8AYZ/MI0AYZ
>
>So sorry to see you leave, but as an "old timer " myself I can understand
the problems.
Best of luck with your new activities, I hope they will keep you intrested
and motivated.
73 Laurie G3AQC
>



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Hi All,
As suggested on this reflector I have loaded a clock synchronisation program
from DIMENSION 4. This appears to hold my computer clock in synch with my
Rugby clock. Would it not be possible to use this source of timing to
synchronise QRS and ARGO programs ?
resulting in better sig/noise than with present completely unsynchronised
systems. Any ideas anyone ?
73 Laurie.



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Hi Dick,
I operate 1000W into "T" antenna with an extensive top load which runs over
the top of the house at 12m high.
I have never had any interference on television or radio or Hi Fi in the
house and can even recieve on HF 80/40m
bands whilst transmitting. HF antennas within 10m of LF ant.
So you should not have any trouble. Look forward to hearing your signal on
136 .
73 Laurie.



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May I add my congratulations to John and Dex.
As we have said before, "try try and try again"
well done, perseverance pays.
73 Laurie.
 



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References: <3FFDD87C.F0EF0309@att.net> <3FFDDE47.C1107691@att.net> <006901c3d641$b90d70f0$1f00a8c0@dellboy> <005f01c3d659$8a589380$0500a8c0@charter.net> <000d01c3d689$77e9a3d0$1f00a8c0@dellboy> <000401c3d6a9$073c1120$0500a8c0@charter.net> <002101c3d6ad$d7079330$1f00a8c0@dellboy>
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----- Original Message -----
From: "Dave Pick" <dave@picks.force9.co.uk>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Friday, January 09, 2004 12:41 PM
Subject: Re: LF: 183 kHz BC Q5 in NC at sunset!


> John.
>
> Thanks for those, quite unambiguous, and my frequency calibration seems to
> agree with yours!

Thats great Dave, especially for 100mW, shows you dont need the full 1W to
get across. Also I did'nt think condx were all that good last night.
73 Laurie.
>
>



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Hi Joe and Dex,
Many thanks for the reports.
Joe I am suffering from Flu and could'nt sleep but unfortunately did'nt look
on 777 in fact I went back to bed for a bit.
Dex its great to hear from you again and I am glad you caught my x'mission.
I came on again at 0435 until 0755.and can see traces of my signal on your
00055 and 00057 captures.
When I feel better I will try again.
Best wishes for 2004 to you both.



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Test only please delete                       



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Dick and all,

A great pity that you've quit the project. I am not at all 
experienced in electronics, and I went through many of what 
you've written about. 

I don't know whether you have an oscilloscope, I found that 
extremely useful during making the TX. The one I have is a 
simple, 20 years old Polish construction. It can hardly display 
max. 15MHz signal (you have to be patient with adjusting 
synchronization then :)

My first attempt with a signal source was a VXO with 10.000MHz 
& 11.350MHz xtals that I simply found in my shack. I thought it 
would be possible to pull them in a way that the difference 
will be at 1.377MHz. This appeared to be impossible... Don't 
ask how much time I spent on making the mixer stable and trying 
to pull xtals a little more... Simple little thing and can make 
you crazy. In the end, however, I managed to make a QSO 
transmitting on 136.5kHz. The first PA had no more than 150W 
output and I couldn't have got more due to strange oscillations 
and instability. Additionally my output filter used to get 
really hot (due to wrong coils?). At this stage I've lost some 
nice FETs also.

So I started the whole thing from scratch. I built a beautiful 
tiny VCO which ... appeared to be not stable enough for 
anything. I really did all my best with it and... a little heat 
from the PA stage and I am 50Hz away... Even with this sweeping 
VCO I managed to make some nice contacts. A better-planned 
output stage and change of output filter into air coils made it 
possible to achieve 400W of output power (roughly, it takes 12A 
at 39V and there is little loss, apart from the coil on power 
supply line). 

As for the power supply: the most expensive parts of the whole 
TX was a couple of 100V-rated big capacitors: I first thought 
that it would be better to use the PSU at 90V. I've been wrong: 
I tried this once and this caused rather a nice explosion of 
FETs (again). So now I prefer to stay at 45V but with twice as 
much current... 

Now I am using FT-990 as a signal source transmitting at 
13.77MHz, attenuated and divided by 10 (74HC290). This is still 
not perfect because the output 137.7kHz signal easily 
interferes with the first divider stage. This causes strange 
loops and might also lead to a big bang. So during the 
transmission there are some additional grounding wires and 
shielding, which appears to be just enough. 

===

I am still thousands miles from the point where I could say to 
anyone in the club: "Here is the TX, try it yourself". I am 
afraid it will never be like that: this will never work safe 
and solid. At least not the one made by me.

===

What I wrote about were just the main points in the TX 
construction, I encountered many smaller troubles at each 
stage, really. I think that when you get into problems it is 
good to leave the project for a few days, after that you have a 
fresh view on the problem and you find the solution quickly.

However I really had a lot of fun and learned a lot with it. 
Thanks to members of this group you never stay alone!

73! Marek SQ5BPM




----------------------------------------------------
Plebiscyt na najlepszego sportowca Warszawy!
Wyniki podczas Balu karnawalowego, badz tam!
Juz dzis zobacz liste nominowanych Sportowców:
http://klik.wp.pl/?adr=http%3A%2F%2Fsport.wp.pl%2Fwiadomosc.html%3Fwid%3D4737652&sid=102




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> Hello all,
>
> I am wondering where I can get (one of) the following components:
> [...]
> TC4426

Hello,

If this can be of any help, I am using ICL7667 instead of TC4426.

There is no problem with it, I use a single chip since the beginning, it
survived some explosions of FETs etc. ;-) Price is ca. $1 per piece + 22%
VAT at www.semiconductors.com.pl .

73! Marek SQ5BPM



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> Hallo to you,
>        saw Marek yesterday mostly O, sometimes M.
> Several calls, but no response.

Sorry Walter, I didn't have a single trace of your signal in Argo.

Maybe next time I will have the receiving loop ready, which hopefully will
improve the RX on my side: even though I hardly tried, I couldn't hear
RU6LWZ on CW (sorry Ed). SP5ZCC in principle is not the best place for low
bands due to QRMs - we are in the middle of an 18000 city and Warsaw is just
a few kilometers away. It gets only worse as the time passes...

> So with RU6LA, who
> was stronger than Marek. Had QSO with Teo,
> YU7AR, was audible most time with 25uV/50ohms,
> ufb.

YU7AR is usually audible here also (not yesterday though), I wonder if he
can _hear_ our signal?

Just BTW: Is there a simple common way to send the expression "audible" as
an addition to the report during the QSO? I didn't find any info... If both
stations send it, it would be a good opportunity to try CW. Sending the word
"audible" is long and not practical. Something like four dashes instead of O
would do, but... :-) Any ideas? Maybe "O!" ? Exclamation mark is not an
international CW character and does not work in QRSS (even as a comma). So
maybe a full-stop: "O." ? Or "O" followed by a number indicating the audible
strength? Or just "O" and then "Sx" where x is a number? It would really
make things easier! Talking via the Internet is not the way I like. Sorry if
discussion alike has already happened on the reflector.

> The 137.xx is a crazy band. For me it seems to be the
> best way with a lot of work not to make a QSO, hi.

Hard not to agree...

> 73   Walter DJ2LF

73! Marek SQ5BPM



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> OH5UFO,   G3YXM,   RU6LA (called him, no response ),
> DK7FC, DL3FDO, S57A, SP5ZCC (called him, but no response ),
> F6BWO.

Yesterday I've been calling CQ many times during the evening using both QRSS
3s (137.715) and CW (136.700), only worked DL3FDO on QRSS in the end,
however he faded away at the end of QSO. Apart of him I've only seen RU6LA,
YU7AR, G3YXM (called him, but no response). I also heard OK1DTN (probably)
on CW when the local QRM noise got a little lighter. In principle - I think
there's no way for me to make a CW QSO (or longer distance QRSS QSO) during
"prime time" on the TV. I've had extreme noise this Saturday between 2000z
and 2230z, after that it got only better. Additionally there is something
arcing in the nearby 15kV transmission line, when it "turns on" I have a
white screen in Argo and it can be well heard on all bands including 2m.
Fortunately it lasts usually no longer than ca. 1 minute. Anyway, I will try
with a receiving loop next time (have to build it first HI).

I measured with an oscilloscope what happens in the T antenna when
receiving - there is ca. 20mV p-p of noise after the tuning coil, at the
input of the selective preamplifier. After the preamplifier stage there is
ca. 140mV p-p of signal, which in 90% consists of the DCF39 carrier (can be
seen very well on the oscilloscope). This does not cause problems only when
placed "far" from the RX passband - thus I am using the FT-990 on USB at
136300, having the QRSS sub-band in the far end of what Argo can copy
(1400Hz); DCF is then at 2530Hz, well suppressed when additionally using
250Hz CW filter in the transceiver.

If I have time this afternoon and evening, I will try to be QRV again, with
a break for the http://www.qsl.net/on7yd/candlelight.htm . Hope the 15kV
will stay off for a while ;-)

73! Marek SQ5BPM
SP5ZCC Scouts Radio Club



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> Sofar I haven't seen any reports of interference caused by 136kHz
> stations to consumers electronic devices.
> Wonder how serious is the possibility of interfering in audio-equipement
> in the neighbourhood??

Hi all,

The only interference we found in our club was with our remote HF antenna
switching equipment: LEDs connected to long, ca. 40m long cables going to
remote relays glow during the transmission. These are probably not fully
decoupled from RF, but this is not at all annoying, even better, this gives
a visual sign of the transmitted signal HI.

Additionally there is one rotor controller's "mouse" which is easy to get
interferred by LF as well as HF. It has it's cable unshielded and connected
straight to the uP inside the controller, so this is normal.

Apart of that there is no known interference in our club and it's
surrounding caused by LF at all. Which unfortunately cannot be said about
higher frequencies, which easily get into audio & TV equipment ca. 100-150m
around the club... 25W of average power ATV on 70cm makes visual "ghosts" on
other TV signals. 50W on 50MHz or 144MHz usually causes a total "blackout"
in our closest neighbours' TVs, don't ask what happens if we transmit using
a little more power. HF causes interference only above ca. 250W, most
problematic being the highest HF bands.

However 400W of input power on 136kHz makes zero interference.

===

I will try to be active on LF this weekend at last, starting on Friday. It
takes me more than an hour to prepare the TX and antenna plus QRSS QSOs are
time-consuming so I must be certain I have at least a few hours of spare
time, if I want to get active...

73! Marek SQ5BPM
SP5ZCC Scouts Radio Club



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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><HTML><FONT  SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="2">Hi Joe and group,<BR>
<BR>
even though there was no QSO yesterday, I think that the concept is right, and you will be successful (again) sooner or later.<BR>
<BR>
And I like the split-subband type of operation. Even with simultaneous transmit activity from my nearest neighbours (DJ2LF and DK1IS at 20 and 50km) plus a strong SXV, sensitivity in the top subband was in no way compromized. With an offset RX antenna a couple of 100m away, even full duplex operation would seem feasible in the future.<BR>
<BR>
With my homebrew SSB transceiver, I had at first expected some difficulties to receive both bands at the same time. Normally this is not a problem as I work LF using USB above a fixed 135.5 kHz zerobeat, and generate variable audio signals with DL4YHF's SpecLab Digimode function. But for 135.922, this would mean 422 Hz TX input, which produced unacceptable audio-harmonic sidebands. In the past, I had avoided them by switching the LO down to 134.5, but this then of course forbids reception above 137.2 kHz, and it also caused some desensitizing due to SXV in the middle of the passband.<BR>
<BR>
Yesterday I changed the scheme to 138.5 kHz LSB. The frequency was chosen to have DCF39's carrier suppressed enough to prevent overloading, but still keep it's residual image alias during FSK telegrams below 700 Hz (ie above 137.8 kHz). Then 137.777 becomes a comfortable 723Hz, while the transmit band centered around 2.58 kHz is already attenuated by the IF filter, avoiding blocking by my neighbours. Two separate instances of SpecLab do all the rest of the work, with IQ-downconversion, 21mHz FFT filtering and colour display of received azimuth.<BR>
<BR>
Hope I haven't bored you with these technical details...<BR>
<BR>
73 de Markus, DF6NM<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
In einer eMail vom 05.01.2004 17:57:18 Westeuropäische Normalzeit schreibt jcraig@mun.ca: <BR>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE TYPE=CITE style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px">Alan G3NYK is predicting favourable condx for possible QSO's<BR>
so starting at 2300 tonight, I'll&nbsp; TX 137.777 kHz and<BR>
RX 135.922 kHz +- 1.5 Hz starting 2330.&nbsp; Will<BR>
repeat this at 0000 and activate beacon if no QSO.<BR>
<BR>
Good signals have been received from CT1DRP, PA0SE, DF6NM<BR>
on a 15 turn 5 foot square loop.<BR>
<BR>
Cheers<BR>
Joe VO1NA<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE><BR>
<BR>
</FONT></HTML>

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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><HTML><FONT  SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="2">Hi Joe and group,<BR>
<BR>
similar here: Just after 23:00, there was an "...o1...", but then the trace decayed to being unreadable. Noise is also louder than it was in the last two nights. - From receptions in the past, it seems that best SNR here occurs rather late, more like 03:00 to 07:00.<BR>
<BR>
For the rest of tonight, I will join the beaconing group on 135922.1 / .2 dfcw, with extra long spaces between characters, to be able to continue watching 137777 and 137773.5.<BR>
<BR>
Best wishes, and thanks for trying<BR>
<BR>
Markus, DF6NM<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
In einer eMail vom 06.01.2004 01:36:56 Westeuropäische Normalzeit schreibt g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk: <BR>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE TYPE=CITE style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px">Received an N and part of an A. At the moment condx too poor and unstable<BR>
for a QSO at this time.<BR>
Switching over to receive on .77355<BR>
<BR>
Peter LDO<BR>
<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE><BR>
<BR>
</FONT></HTML>

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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><HTML><FONT  SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="2">Dear Joe and all,<BR>
<BR>
very nice... it looks like your announcement may well bring up another firework of Eu activity. This will give Laurence a chance to catch some more DX on their last night, and we can look out for his beacon alongside Joe's.<BR>
<BR>
We will have to watch both bands to avoid stepping on each others toes. Frequencies already active during the warmup phase were 921.5, 922.1/.2, 922.5/.7, 923.35/.65 (but I won't give away call signs this time ;-)<BR>
<BR>
Best of luck to everyone<BR>
<BR>
Markus, DF6NM<BR>
</FONT></HTML>

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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><HTML><FONT  SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="2">Hi group,<BR>
<BR>
I'm on air now 135922.3/.4 DFCW.<BR>
<BR>
Markus, DF6NM<BR>
</FONT></HTML>

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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><HTML><FONT  SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="2">Hi everybody,<BR>
<BR>
tonight's short survey as seen in Nuernberg, JN59NK:<BR>
<BR>
135922.95/923.05 CT1DRP dfcw60<BR>
135922.96&nbsp; G3LDO qrss60 (currently colliding with Brian)<BR>
135921.52&nbsp; SM6BHZ qrss60<BR>
135920.86&nbsp; DJ8WX qrss30<BR>
<BR>
... plenty of room !<BR>
<BR>
Good luck again to all<BR>
Markus, DF6NM<BR>
</FONT></HTML>

From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><HTML><FONT  SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="2">Dear Laurence and LF group,<BR>
<BR>
using IrfanView, I have stitched the screenshots from your directory <BR>
<A HREF="www.kl1x.com/Argo3/">www.kl1x.com/ARGO3/</A><BR>
into panoramic images covering a complete night each, with horizontal downsizing to a slow 30s/pixel, which apparently looses very little information. I have also tried to adjust the frequency scales of the second night to the Loran lines.<BR>
<BR>
Despite the extraordinary bunch of activity, I couldn't find too many meaningful traces in last night's view, except for some activity on Uwe's frequency (DJ8WX, 920.86), a couple of fat dashes on 921.55 at 2 UT, and perhaps a line from SM6BHZ (921.52, 3 - 4 UT). But look for yourself:<BR>
<A HREF="http://members.aol.com/df6nm/kl1x_030104.gif">http://members.aol.com/df6nm/kl1x_030104.gif</A> (229kB)<BR>
<A HREF="http://members.aol.com/df6nm/kl1x_030104.gif">http://members.aol.com/df6nm/kl1x_040104.gif</A> (198kB)<BR>
<BR>
The same scaling applied to John W1TAG's captures of PA0SE is on<BR>
<A HREF="http://members.aol.com/df6nm/kl1x_030104.gif">http://members.aol.com/df6nm/w1tag_pa0se_30s_pix.gif</A> (88kB)</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#0000ff" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="2"><U><BR>
</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" BACK="#ffffff" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="2"></U><BR>
Many thanks to all participants on both sides!<BR>
<BR>
73 de Markus, DF6NM<BR>
</FONT></HTML>

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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><HTML><FONT  SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="2">Dear Jay and all,<BR>
<BR>
I informed Walter DJ2LF of the possible problem, and he decided to move up to 135921.723, in the middle between PA0SE and SM6BHZ. The list at 00:10 is<BR>
<BR>
135923.45/.55  CT1DRP dfcw 60s  ~-3dBľV/m<BR>
135922.50/.70  DK1IS dfcw 150s  36dBľV/m<BR>
135922.2/.3  DF6NM dfcw 60+20s<BR>
135921.93  PA0SE qrss 120s  ~13dBľV/m<BR>
135921.73  DJ2LF qrss 60s  42dBľV/m<BR>
135921.52  SM6BHZ  qrss 60s  18dBľV/m <BR>
135920.86  DJ8WX qrss 30s  ~10dBľV/m<BR>
<BR>
73 de Markus<BR>
<BR>
In einer eMail vom 04.01.2004 00:02:03 Westeuropäische Normalzeit schreibt JRusgrove@comcast.net: <BR>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE TYPE=CITE style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px">One of the frequencies you listed 135919.76 is pretty close to a loran<BR>
line at 135919.732 which is currently visible here. </BLOCKQUOTE><BR>
<BR>
</FONT></HTML>

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From: MarkusVester@aol.com
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Date: Sat, 3 Jan 2004 18:49:01 EST
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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Subject: LF: TA beaconing Sat/Sun 23:20
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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><HTML><FONT  SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="2">Hi LF group,<BR>
<BR>
at 23:20 UT, the following stations were seen on air:<BR>
<BR>
135923.45/.55  CT1DRP dfcw 60s&nbsp; ~-3dBľV/m<BR>
135922.50/.70&nbsp; DK1IS dfcw 150s&nbsp; 36dBľV/m<BR>
135922.2/.3&nbsp; DF6NM dfcw 60+20s (starting 23:40, 0.1Hz lower than yesterday)<BR>
135921.93&nbsp; PA0SE qrss 120s&nbsp; ~13dBľV/m<BR>
135921.52&nbsp; SM6BHZ  qrss 60s&nbsp; 18dBľV/m <BR>
135920.86  DJ8WX qrss 30s&nbsp; ~10dBľV/m<BR>
135919.75  DJ2LF qrss 60s&nbsp; 42dBľV/m<BR>
<BR>
Happy watching!<BR>
<BR>
73 de Markus, DF6NM<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
</FONT></HTML>
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From: MarkusVester@aol.com
Message-ID: <11d.29e1d82b.2d28934b@aol.com>
Date: Sat, 3 Jan 2004 16:51:07 EST
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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Subject: LF: TA beaconing Sat/Sun
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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><HTML><FONT  SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="2">Hi group,<BR>
<BR>
a short overview of activity at 21 UT:<BR>
<BR>
135923.45/.55&nbsp;&nbsp; CT1DRP dfcw 60s ~-3dBľV/m<BR>
135921.52 "ZZ"&nbsp; qrss 60s 18dBľV/m (the mysterious Z, direction north) <BR>
135920.86&nbsp; DJ8WX qrss 30s ~10dBľV/m<BR>
135919.76&nbsp; DJ2LF qrss (test) 42dBľV/m<BR>
<BR>
I hope to join in around 23:00 on the usual pair 135922.3/.4 .<BR>
<BR>
73 es gl<BR>
<BR>
Markus, DF6NM<BR>
</FONT></HTML>
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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><HTML><FONT  SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="2">Dear LF group,<BR>
<BR>
- last night, what a night! Thank you for digging in the noise, posting Argoshots and for the comments on last night's transpolar crossings. I must confess it actually happened when I had dozed off in the shack besides the TX ;-) - When my transmission started around midnight, 200W output produced 2.4A and about 170mW EMRP. As the trees near the antenna froze colder and colder during the clear night, capacitive losses slowly decreased and the current went up to nearly 2.7A at sunrise. <BR>
<BR>
PA0SE wrote:<BR>
&gt;&gt;Am I right that you are the second continental station after CT1DRP that crossed the Atlantic?&lt;&lt;<BR>
<BR>
At least traces of several stations (from memory, DJ2LF, IK5ZPV, OK1FIG, OM2TW, SM6PXJ and myself, probably others as well) were seen by VE1ZJ and occasionally by W1TAG and W4DEX a couple of years ago. I was lucky enough to get a couple of good screenshots from John 'ZJ on Dec. 24th, 2001. In general, openings from central Eu tend to be rarer, shorter and several dBs weaker than from England, so last night's polar crossing with similar sigs from Peter and me was somewhat unexpected. - Now that we have an example of propagation on that path, I do hope one of us sees WD2XDW one of these nights before they have to leave Alaska.<BR>
<BR>
W1VD wrote:<BR>
&gt;&gt; Change that last paragraph entry from QRSS60 to QRSS120. Would be interesting to try it for one night to see if it brings the signals up from the further east EU stations.&lt;&lt;<BR>
<BR>
I am not convinced that using Argo120 with 5mHz vs 10mHz FFT bandwidth really helps all that much. The theoretical 3dB improvement does not occur when you compare the detectability of a signal of given constant duration, you can only trade in some visual incoherent (power) averaging against coherent (phase-sensitive) addition. But the former does not always have to be worse, the recognition of a dash in the noise as "several bright pixels alinged in a row" even relies on it. - My bottom line: I would prefer Argo 90s-slow, it has the same 10mHz resolution as Argo 60s, but does not stretch pixels that much and runs much longer per screenfull.<BR>
<BR>
DJ8WX wrote:<BR>
&gt;&gt; PS. Markus, how do you measure the QRG? My counter on both QRGs displayed excactly 0.05Hz minus.&lt;&lt;<BR>
<BR>
The LO at 134.5kHz is derived from an OCXO, which was calibrated against a precise&nbsp; UHF-TV carrier (~10^-9) and, during all of last night, was locked to ZDF video line frequency (10^-8). The 1422.3/.4 Hz DFCW audio frequencies are generated by DL4YHF's SpecLab software, with the free-running soundcard samplerate calibrated using an audio signal derived from that same OCXO. Periodic checks on LORAN lines showed deviations which were less than 5mHz.<BR>
<BR>
73, and best of luck (not only) for tonight,<BR>
<BR>
Markus<BR>
</FONT></HTML>

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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><HTML><FONT  SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="2">Hi Laurence,<BR>
<BR>
http://www.kl1x.com/ARGO3/42200275.jpg<BR>
- wow, thats much better than I had dared to expect ;-)<BR>
<BR>
Will leave my TX on till ~7:30, past sunrise.<BR>
<BR>
Thanks a lot<BR>
Markus<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
In einer eMail vom 03.01.2004 03:32:28 Westeuropäische Normalzeit schreibt hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com: <BR>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE TYPE=CITE style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px">0230Z<BR>
<BR>
I have dfcw signal 135,922.3 and 4 (hi) and dot 60 signal on 135,923,36 or <BR>
so<BR>
<BR>
Heavy qrn from splurge mucking things up...<BR>
<BR>
Laurence<BR>
<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE><BR>
<BR>
</FONT></HTML>

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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><HTML><FONT  SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="2">Before midnight UT, Peter joined in, and DJ8WO came back on a new QRG:<BR>
<BR>
135923.13 G3LDO qrss 60s (14dBľV/m qsb)<BR>
135922.3/.4 DF6NM&nbsp; dfcw 60s/20s (~170mW EMRP)<BR>
135921.89 PA0SE&nbsp; qrss 60s&nbsp; (~13dBľV/m qsb)<BR>
135920.86 DJ8WO qrss 30s (13dBľV/m)<BR>
<BR>
Markus<BR>
DF6NM in JN59NK<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
MarkusVester@aol.com wrote: <BR>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE TYPE=CITE style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px">Hello America ;-)<BR>
<BR>
tonight's Eu beacons at 23:15 UT are / were<BR>
<BR>
135921.79 DJ8?O&nbsp; QRSS 30s&nbsp; (~13dBľV/m, QRT at 22:50 before I got a complete callsign)<BR>
135921.89 PA0SE&nbsp; QRSS 60s&nbsp; (~13dBľV/m)<BR>
135922.35 DF6NM&nbsp; 0.1Hz DFCW 60s/20s&nbsp; (~177dBľV/m on the roof beneath the antenna ;-)<BR>
<BR>
Good luck to all<BR>
<BR>
Markus<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE><BR>
<BR>
</FONT></HTML>

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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><HTML><FONT  SIZE=2 PTSIZE=10 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="2">Hello America ;-)<BR>
<BR>
tonight's Eu beacons at 23:15 UT are / were<BR>
<BR>
135921.79 DJ8?O&nbsp; QRSS 30s&nbsp; (~13dBľV/m, QRT at 22:50 before I got a complete callsign)<BR>
135921.89 PA0SE&nbsp; QRSS 60s&nbsp; (~13dBľV/m)<BR>
135922.35 DF6NM&nbsp; 0.1Hz DFCW 60s/20s&nbsp; (~177dBľV/m on the roof beneath the antenna ;-)<BR>
<BR>
Good luck to all<BR>
<BR>
Markus<BR>
<BR>
</FONT></HTML>

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Dick,

A lot of very useful info can be found in the RSGB's LF 
Experimenter's Handbook.

See: http://www.rsgb.org/shop/acatalog/RSGB_On_Line_Shop_Low_Frequency_43.html

Mike, G3XDV
============

> Hello, and once again thanks for the usefull info given by some of you.
> Dick, pa4vhf





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On 19 Jan 2004 at 11:51, Ian Kyle wrote:
> this posting is simply to inform any interested party or parties that as
> from 1300z today I am quitting LF.
> Ian GI8AYZ/MI0AYZ

Ian,

Well done for putting GI on the 73kHz map, and for your DX 
work on 136kHz from such a tiny garden. 

Best wishes for the future.

Mike, G3XDV
===========





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From: "Peter van Daalen" <peter@vandaalen.demon.nl>
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References: <014d01c3dac6$cd3aabe0$f89a8418@Peter> <4005E8D7.7000301@mindspring.com>
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Thanks, &nbsp;Frank, this is definitely most 
interesting&nbsp;info for me.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Could anyone make now a rough estimation of 
<EM><STRONG>the possible total</STRONG></EM>&nbsp; /MM 
performance&nbsp;gain&nbsp; in dB over a well equipped and 
favourably&nbsp;situated land station&nbsp;?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I mean&nbsp;the &nbsp;possible " real " seagain 
effect as per Franks speculation&nbsp;<STRONG><EM>plus</EM></STRONG> 
the&nbsp;effect of the " virtual " seagain thru much better antenna efficiency 
because of the vessels' steel&nbsp;hull and&nbsp;deck etc.&nbsp;in salt 
water<STRONG><EM> plus&nbsp;</EM></STRONG> the effect of flat and 
undisturbed&nbsp; 360 degrees radiation surface ( sea&nbsp;<STRONG><EM> ) 
plus</EM></STRONG> the effect of reduced or near zero manmade noise at high sea 
( I have&nbsp;26.4 KWH&nbsp;DC battery banks onboard for the&nbsp;EME in statu 
nascendi and during Rx/Tx&nbsp; I switch&nbsp;AC generators&nbsp;off 
).</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>All electrical/electronic gear ( except the 
mandatory&nbsp;navigation gear, but these are&nbsp;very well shielded )&nbsp;is 
switched off during Rx.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73, Peter, PE1ECM</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>----- Original Message ----- </FONT></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>From: "Frank Gentges" &lt;</FONT><A 
href="mailto:fgentges@mindspring.com"><FONT face=Arial 
size=2>fgentges@mindspring.com</FONT></A><FONT face=Arial 
size=2>&gt;</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>To: &lt;</FONT><A 
href="mailto:rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org"><FONT face=Arial 
size=2>rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org</FONT></A><FONT face=Arial size=2>&gt; 
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Sent: Thursday, January 15, 2004 2:11 
AM</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Subject: Re: LF: Re: lf andnoise and 
offshore.</FONT></DIV></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial><BR><FONT size=2></FONT></FONT></DIV><FONT face=Arial 
size=2>&gt; Peter,<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; AMRAD conducted several winter trips to the 
Outer Banks of North <BR>&gt; Carolina to listen to LF signals in the days 
before transatlantic <BR>&gt; amateur signals were common.&nbsp; The Outer Banks 
are a long narrow strip of <BR>&gt; land several miles offshore from the North 
Carolina mainland.&nbsp; We <BR>&gt; observed LF broadcast signals and compared 
to what we were seeing at <BR>&gt; sites more inland were stronger.&nbsp; We 
attributed this signal difference <BR>&gt; to sea gain and would put its value 
at 10 or more dB in the few cases we <BR>&gt; observed although we did not make 
careful measurements.<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; The ITU has put together a model for 
radio propagation and includes a <BR>&gt; factor for sea gain.&nbsp; It only 
works out to be worth a couple of dB in <BR>&gt; the test cases we ran.&nbsp; I 
think the ITU model does not recognize the <BR>&gt; amount of sea gain that is 
available from moving to the sea coast for <BR>&gt; the really best conditions 
at least below 200 kHz..&nbsp; I am convinced it <BR>&gt; is there and is 
significant.<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; Also the noise was low but we could find quiet 
sites inland and we just <BR>&gt; could not hear the Transatlantic signals 
nearly as well inland.<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; &lt;caution, speculation on&gt; I 
speculate that the LF waves are combining. <BR>&gt; and adding in phase due to 
the long wavelength, at the sea water <BR>&gt; interface and traveling in as 
surface waves stronger than the low angle <BR>&gt; sky waves that created 
them..&nbsp; Similar to glints or mirages we see <BR>&gt; optically. 
&lt;speculation off&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; We can hear other surface waves at 770 
<BR>&gt; kHz on the Outer Banks from New York City duirng the day and 
night.&nbsp; We <BR>&gt; cannot hear them much past a mile inland as the land 
kills the surface <BR>&gt; wave propagation.&nbsp; While we did not conduct a 
similar experimant on LF I <BR>&gt; suspect they would also fade down to the sky 
wave strength if we went <BR>&gt; inland.<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; Frank 
K0BRA<BR></FONT></BODY></HTML>

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From: "Peter van Daalen" <peter@vandaalen.demon.nl>
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Sorry,

I made a most ennoying typo :

I wrote :

snip.....
"  Does sea again ( if any at all ? ) and low man made and evironment  noise
add
substantially to the LF performance ? "
snip.....


While I meant to write :

" Does seagain ( if any at all ? )  and etc... add substantially to LF
performance  ? "

I do know something on sea gain on 144 Mhz ( for /MM EME purpose on moonrise
and moonset ) but I am unaware of the seagain effects on LF.




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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 Good afternoon Rik, James and all.

 Your responses were very encouraging.
 I decided to try LF this spring.
 I got enthusiastic about the idea to try LF on /MM.

 I have two frequency standards ( better than 1e11 tau 1000 secs ), so very
very  QRSS will be an attractive option for me.
I guess that very narrow FFT bins and very long integrating times should be
possible.
What is the longest sec/dot size that is used on amateur LF ?
I noted that Rik's QRS program offers up to 60 sec per dot.
Are there programs with much longer sec/dot times out there ?

 But before going /MM I have to build a LF station from scratch......
Therefore I need some help of your community.

 Do the various cheap car audio amps ( OP up to 600 W rms ) do a reasonable
job on 137 Khz ( after possibly removing audio filters etc. )  or is the
frequency roll-off disqualifying ?

 If disqualifying, does someone have a suggestion c.q. reference for me to
build a Tx ?
In the junkbox I have lots of Fairchild Power MOSFETS 75345P 55V 75 A ( ex
various 24>220 V AC ships power sinus converters ) mounted on heavy alu
cooling blocks.
So, if I have to build the Tx PA myself, I prefer to use these FETS.
Has someone a suggestion for a possibly suitable circuit diagram ?

 With an aerial effenciency that low, I guess the heat dissipation in the PA
OP stage will be tremendous.
Where is most of the heat dissipated ?
Though I don't know as yet what outputstages are used on LF, I guess this
will be in the tank/pi coil (?) and therefore I would welcome references to
information as to minimizing dissipation loss in coils ( or wherever else
the dissipation losses appear ).
( As I said before, I am an absolute virgin, at least on LF... :-)

 If advantageously, onboard I could build a very big multiturn loop aerial.
Does big multiturn LF loop aerials have an advantage over straight wire
aerials ?

 Is the maximum E(I?)RP still restricted to 1 W ?
Is this restriction applicable to /MM offshore as well  ( say midway on the
North Sea between G and PA  )?

Thanks for your thoughts.

 73, Peter PE1ECM



> > Hi Peter,
> >
> > At open sea QRM (man made noise) levels are likely to be low (apart from
> > what you generate on your vessel). So I wouldn't worry about QRM.
> > But the main advantage of /MM operation is that the loss resistance (the
> > main factor that determines antenna efficiency at LF) is extremely low
> > By using the steel vessel as counterweight the loss can be less than a
few
> > Ohms, at land it is in the range of 30 ... 150 Ohm at 136 kHz.
> > Your main problem might be to make a low loss loading coil, as the loss
of
> > a typical loading coil (on 136 kHz) is in the range of 5 to 20 Ohm.
> >
> > 73, Rik  ON7YD
>
>




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Hi all,

I am 100% new to LF.
I lack any LF experience at all at the moment.
Nevertheless,  I consider to take a chance on LF.

Does it make sense when I try to start LF from my ship  /MM ( steel
fishermen cutter ) instead of from my condo ?
Does sea again ( if any at all ? ) and low man made en evironment  noise add
substantially to the LF performance ?
( Besides, on my vessel I could erect bigger aerials than at the home QTH ).

Where could I find explanations on (possible ) sea gain on LF ?
Where could I find information on the ( LF ) noise levels offshore ?

Thanks for your appreciated thoughts.

Peter, PE1ECM




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From: "PY3CRX PY2PLL" <py2pll@py.qsl.br>
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Subject: LF: Watching 135.922
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
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<META http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I´ll watch/recording 135.922 +/- 5Hz tonight too. 
Yesterday NIL. Summertime here, despite of good N/S propagation last night 
(several VLF utilities from US, Europe, Hawaii, Aurstralia, etc ... log 
below).</FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>RX cndx:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>RX = Kachina 505DSP, 100Hz IF filter</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Soft = Argo 1024X768 version</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Converter = TCXO + DBM to 10MHz IF</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Antenna = shielded loop CATV 3/4" hardline, 2.5m 
diameter + pre amp 35dB gain (4dB NF).</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73<BR>Marcus, PY3CRX/PY2PLL<BR>GG66rf<BR><A 
href="http://py.qsl.br">http://py.qsl.br</A><BR>Active from "DC" to 
24GHz</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2 width=816 border=0>
  <TBODY>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>FREQ</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>EMISS</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>RST</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>UTC</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>DATE</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>MODE</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>COMMENTS</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>LOC</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>20.900</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>HWU</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>05:04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>MSK</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>200Hz</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>France</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>21.400</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>NPM</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>05:10</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>MSK</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>200Hz</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>Hawaii</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>18.850</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>UNID</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>05:00</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>FSK</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>Shift 85Hz</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>?</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>22.100</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>3SA/3SB ??</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>05:12</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>MSK</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>100Hz</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>?</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>24.000</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>NAA</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>05:14</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>MSK</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>200Hz</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>USA</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>25.000</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>RJHxx</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>05:09</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>CW</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>Beta</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>RUS</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>25.500</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>RJHxx</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>05:11</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>CW</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>Beta</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>RUS</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>25.000</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>RJHxx</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>05:16</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>Time Code</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>Beta</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>RUS</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>37.500</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>NRK</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>05:20</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>MSK</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>200Hz</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>Iceland</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>40.750</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>NAU</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>05:22</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>MSK</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>200Hz</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>P. Rico</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>45.900</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>NSY</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>05:23</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>MSK</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>100Hz</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>Italy</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>51.950</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>GYW1</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>05:27</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>FSK</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>Shift 85Hz</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>Scotland</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>57.400</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>NRK</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>05:31</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>MSK</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>100Hz</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>Iceland</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>60.000</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>WWVB</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>05:33</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>Time Code</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>USA</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>61.835</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>UNID</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>05:35</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>F1B</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>Shift 85Hz, 100Bd</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>?</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>62.600</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>FUE</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>05:37</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>MSK</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>France</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>65.800</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>FUE</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>05:40</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>MSK</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>200Hz</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>France</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>68.750</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>MARS-75 ??</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>05:45</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>CW</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>Unid Carrier</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>?</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>70.250</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>MARS-75 ??</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>05:46</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>CW</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>Unid Carrier</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>?</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>73.600</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>CFH</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>05:47</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>MSK</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>200Hz</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>Canada</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>77.500</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>DCF77</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>05:49</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>Time Code</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>CW</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>Germany</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>133.240</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>Datatrak</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>05:53</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>null at 240</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>Argentina</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>146.450</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>Datatrak</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>05:59</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03=jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>null at 240</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>Argentina</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>162.000</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>BC</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>06:05</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>AM/USB</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>French, Male + Female</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>19.550</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>UNID</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>06:14</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>MSK</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>200Hz</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>19.800</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>NWC</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>06:15</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>MSK</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>200Hz</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>Australia</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>25.200</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>NML4</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>06:23</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>MSK</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>200Hz</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>USA</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD width="8%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>81.000</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="22%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>GYN1</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16>
      <P></P></TD>
    <TD width="6%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>06:37</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="10%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>03-Jan-04</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>RTTY</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="26%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=left>Shift 85Hz / 50 baud</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD width="11%" height=16><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>
      <P align=center>England</FONT></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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Subject: Re: LF: more on my 'nasty'136kHz project.............
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<html>
Hello Dick,<br><br>
<blockquote type=cite class=cite cite><font face="arial" size=2>I get
+17dBm out on 137kHz now.</font><br>
<font face="arial" size=2>There are a lot of harmonics in the
(unfiltered) output; especially the 3f, 5f, 7f etc.</font><br>
&nbsp;<br>
<font face="arial" size=2>So, at least I am producing a signal on 137kHz
(and maaaaaaaaaaaany other freqs) now.</font><br>
&nbsp;<br>
<font face="arial" size=2>At this point I am not sure what to
do.....filtering or not??</font><br>
<font face="arial" size=2>I suppose I get these harmonics again in later
(driver) stages so, maybe better to</font><br>
<font face="arial" size=2>do it at the
end..........</font></blockquote>No need to filter the drive signal if
you are using a class-D amplifier (in fact it is best to drive a class-D
amplifier with a quare wave).<br>
A 2 or 3 stage low-pass filter at the PA output will get rid of the
harmonics, a high-Q antenna will even improve that.<br><br>
<blockquote type=cite class=cite cite><font face="arial" size=2>How to
key is the next question.</font><br>
<font face="arial" size=2>I want to leave the VFO on all the time for
better stability.</font><br>
<font face="arial" size=2>The 4060 will be switched off in RX situation,
to aviod having a signal on 137kHz,</font><br>
<font face="arial" size=2>and in my receiver blocking the
RX..........</font><br>
<font face="arial" size=2>I did some tests with the keying circuit used
by OM2TW and DF3LP/DJ1ZB in their designs</font><br>
<font face="arial" size=2>using 2 stages with BC549, from which the first
one is switched in its emitter.</font><br>
<font face="arial" size=2>However, this did not work fine.</font><br>
<font face="arial" size=2>I was able to key, but the output level was
much lower then it's input, and the level of</font><br>
<font face="arial" size=2>harmonics etc where worse, compaired to the
input signal of the circuit.</font></blockquote>Best thing to do is to
key the PA somewhere. Dave (G3YXM) has a nice design that provides really
&quot;soft keying&quot;. I do key a G3YXM-like PA at the input and have
had any complaints about key clicks so far.<br><br>
73, Rik&nbsp; ON7YD<br>
</html>

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<html>
Not correct (at least not in Belgium &amp; Netherlands)<br>
At QRL I order Farnell components just because they have no minimum order
and no package/transport costs.<br>
Once I had to repair equipment and ordered 1 single transistor that costs
0.1 Euro. It was delived next day at no extra cost.<br><br>
73, Rik&nbsp; ON7YD<br><br>
<blockquote type=cite class=cite cite><font face="arial" size=2>Farnell
sells minimum 100 pieces TC4426. </font></blockquote><br>
</html>

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<html>
Dick,<br><br>
they have all the TC44xx drivers at Farnell.<br>
Be aware that the TC4421/22 are 9 Amp. versions and rather expensive
(arround 10 Euro) while the TC4426/27 are 1.5 Amp. versions and cost less
than 2 Euro.<br>
The 1.5 Amp. version can drive a couple of FET's without any
problem.<br><br>
You can reach Farnell :
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.farnellinone.com/" eudora="autourl">www.farnellinone.com</a>
<li>fax ++030-2417333
<li>tel&nbsp; ++030 2417373
<li>email hollandsales@farnellinone.com
</ul>73, Rik&nbsp; ON7YD<br><br>
At 22:59 19/01/2004 +0100, you wrote:<br>
<blockquote type=cite class=cite cite>Hello all,<br><br>
I am wondering where I can get (one of) the following
components:<br><br>
TC4421<br>
TC4422<br>
TC4426<br>
MUR1660CT<br><br>
A google search didn't deliver a resonable result.<br>
I am looking for a store/firm in Holland or Germany, as this is<br>
the easiest way in case of ordering/paying.<br><br>
Any suggestions??<br><br>
Meanwhile I started to build the first part for my 136kHz station:<br>
the 1370kHz VFO..........<br>
The rest will be a lot of bits and pieces from various designs,
likely<br>
resulting in a QRPP transmitter capable of producing 100Watt or
so.<br><br>
73<br><br>
Dick, PA4VHF (JO32eh)</blockquote></html>

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Rich,

As long as the chokes have a "resonable" value (let's say 100 uH or 
more) it should be possible to match the antenna for 136 kHz at the 
base.
But you will not only need to make the antenna resistive but probably 
also do some serious impedance matching. Some calculations can be 
done, but most of the tuning will likely be according to the "try and 
error" method using no-so-conventional matching circuits.

Maybe this helps :
In my early days on 136 kHz I did test a lot of antenna 
configurations. As it was not always convenient to have a TX running 
when trying to match a strange antenna I did the matching in "RX 
mode", as I didn't had an impedance bridge for 136 kHz I used 
following procedure :
1. Take a RX and tune it to the DCF on 138 kHz, it will produce a 
strong signal on almost any TX antenna.
2. connect a 20 dB attenuator (50 Ohm) to the TX input, this will 
assure that the impedance "seen by the antenna configuration" is close 
to 50 Ohm regardless of the real RX imput impedance.
3. connect the antenna - via the matching network you wish to test - 
to the attenuator input and "play" with the matching network until you 
get the strongest signal on the RX.

In most cases I got the antenna matched pretty good to 50 Ohm (at 138 
kHz) and fine tuning with the TX was done easily.
The advantages are :
- Don't worry about dammaging the TX due to bad SWR during the 
matching procedure.
- No need a large collection of high-voltage C's and high current 
coils. Once you get the antenna matched in RX mode you can get the 
required high power components.
- No risk of burning your fingers (or worse) during the matching
- No need to put the TX off (or the risk to forget it) when removing a 
coil or capacitor.
- No risks of fireworks when making a shortcircuit by accident.

73, Rik  ON7YD

> Yes, this is idea. But there are lights and they can't be switched
> off
> (there are not fuses, fuser are 500m away on the TX site...hi).
> 
> Rich



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So John (W1TAG) was right with his second guess.
However it is interesting that the 135 m tower was used on 1097 kHz (273 m 
wavelength), so it acted as a lambda/2 monopole. Since such antenna is high 
impedance (typical 1200 Ohm) the decoupling impedances of the light cables 
should be high too (probably several up to 10 kOhm at 1097 kHz). If it is 
non resonant (inductance only) then it should be still over 1000 Ohm at 136 
kHz. But if the decoupling is resonant the impedance at 136 kHz may be as 
less as a few Ohm.
It is likely that all 4 lamps are fed through a single decoupler, if you 
have access to that you can try to replace it by a one that is suitable on 
136kHz.

73, Rik ON7YD


At 16:13 19/01/2004 +0100, you wrote:
>Hi Rik and others...
>
>After I discuss this problems with Bob OK2BVG and we found the problem. The
>tower itsefs is DC isolated, but...on the tower are 4 lihgts (2x in 70m and
>2x in 135m) powered by 410m of twisted-pair cable. So, this is total 820m of
>wire well cupled with the antenna. This antenna has been on air for about 20
>year on the frequency 1097kHz. The filters are designed for this frequency
>and have a very low reactance on 136kHz. Any idea?
>
>73 de Rich OM2TW



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Hello Rich,

According to MMAMA the antenna capacitance should be something like 2.7nF, 
thus a loadingcoil of +/- 500uH would be needed.
I assume that at least one of the variometers covered this range.

It is a wild guess, but maybe the power is "DC grounded" using a coil from 
the antenna base to ground. If this coil is dimensioned for a much higher 
frequency (MF) it can cause rather strange effects on LF.
Eg. :
Assume the original use of the tower was a lambda/4 antenna at MF, for a 
135 m tower that would be +/- 550 kHz.
Antenna impedance (at 550kHz) would be +/- 36 Ohm, so "good engineering" 
would require a DC path to ground (for safety) with a Z of at least 10 
times the antenna impedance = 360 Ohm. At 550 kHz this would mean a +/- 100 
uH inductor.
So, instead of seeing the antenna as a 2.7nF capacitor to ground it should 
be seen as a L-C parallel circuit (100 uH // 2.7 nF).
Or in terms of reactances (at 136 kHz) : +j85 Ohm // -j433 Ohm = +j106 Ohm 
(= +/- 124 uH at 136 kHz).
To get the antenna tuned (brought to resonance) you would need a series 
capacitor (not inductor !) with a reactance of -j106 Ohm at 136 kHz = +/- 
11 nF.
This kind of tuning will also cause impedance transformation :
If the resistive component (radiation resistance + loss) is 20 Ohm it will 
be transformed to 1.2 Ohm and the "system Q" will rise from 22 to 108 
(making tuning rather critical).

73, Rik  ON7YD

>We will try tu tune the antenna with your help, if anybody can help me. 
>I'll be very happy.
>I'll give you all necessary datas:
>
>Vertical is 135m high with 170cm in diameter (no cap hat), there are 120
>radials in range from the base and 50m, after that are 240 radials between
>range 50-130m. Each radial is from 6mm Cu wire about 30cm under the ground
>level. Ground conductivity is 14,3mS.



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<html>
<blockquote type=cite class=cite cite>What is the longest sec/dot size
that is used on amateur LF ?<br>
I noted that Rik's QRS program offers up to 60 sec per dot.<br>
Are there programs with much longer sec/dot times out there
?</blockquote><br>
Hi Peter,<br><br>
You must have found a very old version of QRS (2.05 or even older).<br>
Versions from 3.05 upward support up to 3600 sec dotlength (= 1
hour).<br><br>
The latest version of QRS can be downloaded at various places :<br>
G3YXM :
<a href="http://www.wireless.org.uk/software.htm" eudora="autourl">http://www.wireless.org.uk/software.htm</a><br>
LWCA :
<a href="http://www.lwca.org/library/software/index.htm" eudora="autourl">http://www.lwca.org/library/software/index.htm</a><br>
NL9222 :
<a href="http://home.wanadoo.nl/nl9222/software.htm" eudora="autourl">http://home.wanadoo.nl/nl9222/software.htm</a><br>
ON7YD :
<a href="http://www.qsl.net/on7yd/" eudora="autourl">http://www.qsl.net/on7yd/</a>
(click on software)<br><br>
73, Rik&nbsp; ON7YD<br><br>
PS :<br>
If there is any need I am willing to extend the maximum dotlength, if someone can convince me of the use of it.<br>
I believe the ultimate limit can be calculated as :
<ul>
<li>Ham gets licenced at the age of 16 and dies at the age of 100 (I'm an optimist), so his &quot;ham life&quot; is 84 years (= +/- 44000000 minutes)
<li>An average QRSS QSO at 3 sec/dot takes 25 minutes
<li>A dotlength of +/- 5280000 seconds (= +/- 2 months) would allow an average QRSS QSO in a span of 84 years
</ul>This would improve SNR by 62 dB (+/- 10 S-points) over QRSS3 but would require a TX and RX stability of 0.2 ľHz (micro-Herz). Also forget about ionospheric propagation as the doppler-shift will ruin everything.<br>
</html>

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Hello Ed and Rich,

Implementing a fast CW keyer with all the goodies such as variable speed, 
memo etc.. is not a simple task.
So far I stayed away from this as I believed that there is plenty of fast 
CW software available and there is no need of re-inventing the wheel.

A much simpler task however is to change the configuration of the LPT  (or 
COM) port in QRS, to make it identical to DX4WIN or whatever is your 
favorite fast CW software.
Just let me know what pins are used (for key and for PTT) ...

73, Rik ON7YD

>Good idea. I have 2 interfaces build (for CW and also for QRSS) and switched
>by LPT switch. For CW I'm using internal keyer from logging program DX4WIN
>and QRSS with QRS (ON7YD). Problem is that both are working on LPT, but
>intrefaces are not identical.
>
>Rich OM2TW
>
>Btw, all HW is ready for expedition to the 135m high tower, weather is very
>good, snow is melting away. We will be QRV direct from PI-match under the
>antenna.
>
>
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From: Ed Lesnichy [mailto:ed@dx.ru]
>Sent: Wednesday, January 14, 2004 5:17 PM
>To: Rik Strobbe
>Subject: LF: Key in QRS??
>
>
>Dear Rik,
>
>I for a field/DXpedition conditions should carry an external electronic key
>or ordinary key for realization CW QSOs. Such external key to me should be
>connected to TX.
>
>It would be convenient to have a key(from PC's keyboard) in QRS.
>A keyboard's key in the program have all contest-programs.
>Hot  key  is  standart:  ALT-K for enable/disable keyboard CW mode and
>open/close small window, and ALT-V for set(Vary) CW speed.
>All external connections PC - TX already are in PC(QRS)- TX
>
>Whether probably such to add internal keyboard's key in next QRS's
>versions and under same interface (as for QRSS) via COM/LPT?
>
>TNX for QRS!
>
>73! Ed RU6LA  ed@dx.ru  http://136.73.ru
>
>P.S. Do you received my special QSL-card?



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Hi Peter,

At open sea QRM (man made noise) levels are likely to be low (apart from 
what you generate on your vessel). So I wouldn't worry about QRM.
But the main advantage of /MM operation is that the loss resistance (the 
main factor that determines antenna efficiency at LF) is extremely low
By using the steel vessel as counterweight the loss can be less than a few 
Ohms, at land it is in the range of 30 ... 150 Ohm at 136 kHz.
Your main problem might be to make a low loss loading coil, as the loss of 
a typical loading coil (on 136 kHz) is in the range of 5 to 20 Ohm.

73, Rik  ON7YD

At 14:44 14/01/2004 +0100, you wrote:
>Hi all,
>
>I am 100% new to LF.
>I lack any LF experience at all at the moment.
>Nevertheless,  I consider to take a chance on LF.
>
>Does it make sense when I try to start LF from my ship  /MM ( steel
>fishermen cutter ) instead of from my condo ?
>Does sea again ( if any at all ? ) and low man made en evironment  noise add
>substantially to the LF performance ?
>( Besides, on my vessel I could erect bigger aerials than at the home QTH ).
>
>Where could I find explanations on (possible ) sea gain on LF ?
>Where could I find information on the ( LF ) noise levels offshore ?
>
>Thanks for your appreciated thoughts.
>
>Peter, PE1ECM



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Subject: Re: LF: Re. Timing GPS
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Hello Laurie,

In QRS you can activate a synchronization function : click on "Setup", then 
on "Sync."
You can synchronize the start of the transmission to 1 minute, 2 minutes, 5 
minutes, 10 minutes, 30 minutes or 1 hour.

Eg. : if you select 1 minute and you push on start at 11h12m13s QRS will 
wait until the next full minute (11h13m00s) to start.
If you select 2 minutes QRS will wait until the next even minute, If you 
select 5 minutes QRS will wait until the next multiple of 5 minutes etc.

As the recent versions of QRS use the computer clock to calculate the 
keying synchronization should be maintained.
I did some rudimental testing on the Sync. function and it seemed OK.
I don't think that someone already tested it more intense, but feel free to 
test this function and let me know if it works and/or if it does what you 
need. In problems occur  or you need another kind of synchronization I will 
(try to) solve it and release a new version of QRS.

73, Rik

PS : The spell checker insists on writing synchronization (with Z, not S). 
It looks odd to me, any native English who can confirm this ? (or is it one 
of these subtile differences between British and American English)

At 10:48 14/01/2004 +0000, you wrote:
>Hi All,
>As suggested on this reflector I have loaded a clock synchronisation program
>from DIMENSION 4. This appears to hold my computer clock in synch with my
>Rugby clock. Would it not be possible to use this source of timing to
>synchronise QRS and ARGO programs ?
>resulting in better sig/noise than with present completely unsynchronised
>systems. Any ideas anyone ?
>73 Laurie.



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Subject: Re: LF: Re: Re: Re: Re: First WOLF QSO!
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Hello John, Dave,

I believe that it might be difficult to compare QRSS and WOLF as their 
effectivity also depends on propagation conditions.

As WOLF is repeating the message over and over at a rather high speed it 
can take advantage of short propagation peaks, this is not the case with 
QRSS where the message is sent a single time at a very slow speed.
At the other hand QRSS might be better when propagation is rather stable 
but very weak (or for surface wave propagation).

73, Rik  ON7YD

At 09:57 12/01/2004 -0500, you wrote:
>Dave,
>
>We did some tests a couple of years ago involving two similar stations near
>each other that were about 1800 km from me. One ran QRSS60, the other WOLF.
>I think we did the tests for about a week, and found similar results.
>Neither had a clear advantage over that period. The conclusion was that the
>effectiveness of WOLF was about the same as QRSS60.
>
>While our QSO of yesterday did not fully exercise WOLF's capability, do
>realize that we were receiving 15 characters in a 20 minute period. QRSS60
>can't do that!
>
>As originally conceived by Stewart Nelson, the "reference channel" could be
>used to exchange signal report information. Neither that nor real-time
>decoding has been realized, however. It does remain an interesting mode,
>with a number of limitations as listed in Alan Melia's message of this
>morning. For U.S. Lowfers, bandwidth is not an issue, and the potential for
>anything but very local interference is limited.
>
>I do believe that gps-locked slower BPSK has more potential at LF, and am
>slowly working on getting set up for that. Underline the word "slowly,"
>though!
>
>John Andrews, W1TAG



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Dave,

Thanks for the info.
Where did Bruce order the gully ? I'm interested in one to enhance my LF 
signal.

73, Rik ON7YD


At 21:55 7/01/2004 +1300, you wrote:
>Rik
>The ZL1WB LF antenna is strung across a gully and has between 300 and 600
>feet ground clearance. Support to support distance is around 1km but there
>is quite a bit of sag, as you might expect-hence the ~3500 foot wire length.
>(sorry for mixing units-it's probably a sign of age!) It's fed at one end
>against ground and Bruce typically uses 40 watts or so of RF-he has a very
>good LF signal around ZL, as you might expect.
>73
>  Dave, ZL3FJ
>
>----- Original Message -----
>From: "Rik Strobbe" <rik.strobbe@fys.kuleuven.ac.be>
>To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
>Sent: Tuesday, January 06, 2004 11:51 PM
>Subject: Re: LF: Horizontally polarised radiation
>
>
> > Hello Dave,
> >
> > Quite impressive.
> > Can you give us a clue about the dimensions ?
> > Ever thought of making a triangular shaped loop ?
> >
> > 73, Rik  ON7YD
> >
> > At 23:29 6/01/2004 +1300, you wrote:
> > >Have a look at the URL below to see a semi-decent horizontal LF
>ntenna  -
> > >that of Bruce, ZL1WB. Whatever its predominant radiating mode is, it
>works
> > >rather well!
> > >
> > >73,
> > >ZL3FJ
> > >
> > > http://homepages.ihug.co.nz/~tractorb/ZL1WB%20LF%20ANTENNA.jpg
> >
> >
> >



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Hello Dave,

Quite impressive.
Can you give us a clue about the dimensions ?
Ever thought of making a triangular shaped loop ?

73, Rik  ON7YD

At 23:29 6/01/2004 +1300, you wrote:
>Have a look at the URL below to see a semi-decent horizontal LF antenna  -
>that of Bruce, ZL1WB. Whatever its predominant radiating mode is, it works
>rather well!
>
>73,
>ZL3FJ
>
>http://homepages.ihug.co.nz/~tractorb/ZL1WB%20LF%20ANTENNA.jpg



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<html>
Hello group,<br><br>
It is an &quot;idée fixe&quot; that a horizontal wire must radiate a
horizontal polarized EM-wave.<br>
A nice example of a mechanical horizontal construction that radiates a
vertical polarized signal is the DDRR antenna.<br>
So a large horizontal topload close to ground will in most cases improve
the antenna efficiency (reduce the loss resistance ... footprint theory)
but the radiated signal will be nevertheless mainly vertical
polarized.<br><br>
73, Rik&nbsp; ON7YD<br><br>
At 17:47 5/01/2004 +0100, you wrote:<br>
<blockquote type=cite class=cite cite><b>To All from PA0SE,<br><br>
In an earlier e-mail I wrote:</b><blockquote type=cite class=cite cite>
<dl>
<dd>----- Original Message ----- 
<dd>From: <a href="mailto:d.w.rollema@freeler.nl">Dick Rollema</a> 
<dd>To:
<a href="mailto:rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org">rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org</a> 
<dd>Sent: Sunday, January 04, 2004 3:50 PM
<dd>Subject: Re: LF: Re: &quot;T&quot; versus
&quot;L&quot;aerial<br><br>

<dd>Dear John,<br><br>

<dd>Computer simulation takes place over perfect ground and shows
appreciable horizontally polarised radiation under high elevation angles
for the inverted-L aerial .&nbsp; But even at say 20m height of the
horizontal part of the aerial this is only 0.0009 of a wavelength so the
aerial is almost on the ground.&nbsp; This means that over real earth
such strong currents will be induced in the earth under the aerial that
almost all power in the horizontally polarised field will be converted
into heat in its resistance. </blockquote>
</dl><br>
<b>Mal, G3KEV commented:<br><br>
</b><blockquote type=cite class=cite cite>
<dl>
<dd>Dick
<dd>You are saying that my 4 x inv L antennas each at 120 ft vertical and
400 ft horizontal are only burning up the field under the array. 
<dd>My signal is reported throughout EU and beyond to Russia and the USA
as the strongest on the air only surpassed by MM0ALM when he was active.
As far as I can remember he was using 2 x inv L antennas at over 140 ft
high using two masts. 
<dd>I have never used a T antenna, my logic is that the more independent
wire in the air the better, you have the benefit in my case of 4 top
loaded verticals in parallel. All the bottom ends of the verticals are
connected to the top of the loading coil of about 0.3 mh. The top of each
L is about 10 feet out from the mast and the drop wires taper to the
bottom reducing capacitance to ground. 
<dd>An inv L antenna is really a top loaded vertical.
<dd>I hope you understand what I mean.
<dd>Calculations and theoretical assumptions are often way of the mark
when it comes to small antenna systems like radio amateurs use on LF. 
<dd>The only solution is the practical approach, common sense gained with
experience and put up the best antenna you can then judge the results. As
a matter of interest I have never burnt out any insulators, antenna
wires, ground radials or any vegetation underneath the antenna array.
<dd>If you are working worldwide on normal CW then you have got it right
!!!!!!!
<dd>73 de Mal/G3KEV
<dd>&nbsp;</blockquote>
</dl><br>
What I said was that the radiation from the horizontal part of a top
loaded aerial is largely absorbed in the earth under it because the wire
is so near to the surface.<br>
To have a closer look I modeled a 40m long dipole for 136kHz, made of
1.5mm copper wire over real ground at a height&nbsp; h.&nbsp; Ground
constants are dielectric constant 13; conductivity 5mS/m.<br><br>
The simulation shows that the maximum of radiation is under an elevation
of 90 degrees. The gain is referenced to a half wave dipole in free
space.<br><br>
h in metres&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; gain in dBd<br><br>
500&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-2.29<br>
200&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-6.65<br>
100&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-11.84<br>
&nbsp;50&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-17.44<br>
&nbsp;20&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-25.40<br>
&nbsp;10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-31.48<br><br>
The numbers speak for themselves.<br><br>
The radiation by the vertical part of the aerial, that does the work, is
not affected by this of course.<br><br>
73, Dick, PA0SE </blockquote></html>

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Hi Dick,

A near-real-time 'Grabulator' will be running at

http://www.w3eee.com

under 'Argo Live II'.

        Good luck!

                Steve


>
>  To All from PA0SE
>
>  The following message was sent before but I now have added a request.
>
>  I intend to do beaconing tonight, starting around 2200 UTC and using 
QRSS30
>  on 135922Hz.  Will stop about 0800 UTC on 30/1.  Power about 140 milliwatt
>  EMRP.
>
>  If you happen to see my signal I would be grateful for a screen shot.  I
>  intend to write an article on LF for our VERON magazine Electron and a
>  screen shot would be a nice illustration.
>
>  Thanks!
>
>  73, Dick, PA0SE





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From: "Steve Dove" <dsp@hifidelity.com>
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Hi Mal,

The SB-221 was a latter-day version of the SB-220 (I think the only
significant difference was that 10m was hard to enable, following the FCC's
anti-CB ploy).

Search for SB-220 instead.  You should drown.  It was a very popular amp.

 http://www.somis.org/

for a start is Rich Measures' page  -  he wrote a series of articles in QST
about the 220 some time ago, which as I remember started a furore with
disputations from many major amplifier designers of note, but at least it's
a start.

        Cheers,

                Steve



01/16/04 17:21:10, "hamilton mal" <g3kev.ham@virgin.net> wrote:

>
>      Hi All
>  Does anyone have info about the HEATHKIT AMP SB221. Cover 80 - 10 
metres.
>  Mods for 160 m, cct details etc
>
>  I have tried the internet but cannot get a hit on this amp.
>  73 de Mal/G3KEV
>   





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From: "Steve Dove" <dsp@hifidelity.com>
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Cool!

We can rely on you two to raise the bar, lower the limbo stick, or something like 
that . . .

Lest it's not already appreciated by non-US readers, 'Lowfers' operate under 
FCC Part 15 rules, which stipulate 1 Watt DC input max, and antenna less than 
15m. in length.  This 1000+km daylight *QSO* is astounding given that.

Great achievement!







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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" http-equiv=Content-Type>
<META content="MSHTML 5.00.2614.3500" name=GENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=#ffffff>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Mal - you can get some feeedback here <A 
href="http://www.eham.net/reviews/detail/62">http://www.eham.net/reviews/detail/62</A></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>I believe it is pretty much identical to the SB-220.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Steve</DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From: "Stewart Nelson" <sn@scgroup.com>
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Hi Rik and all,

Many words ending in -ize (American), have a preferred spelling -ise in
British English.

http://www.bartleby.com/68/45/5645.html

http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/Lobby/6524/spelling.html

On searching the Net, I also found an article claiming that
this was caused an influence from the French.

http://www.linguistlist.org/~ask-ling/archive-2000.1/msg00563.html

--Stewart (third generation American, but 1/4 English)

> PS : The spell checker insists on writing synchronization (with Z, not S). 
> It looks odd to me, any native English who can confirm this ? (or is it one 
> of these subtile differences between British and American English)



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Hans

I put two back-to-back silicon diodes across the relay output to my
receiver as overload protection.

73, Tom G3OLB

In message <200312301817.hBUIHvQ11107@mailgate5.cinetic.de>, Hans-
Albrecht Haffa <dk8nd@web.de> writes
>    p {margin: 0px}
>
>    Dear Lowfers,
>    just I am designing a TR-switch for my new TX. Estimated Power 
>    about 60dbm/60 Ohm.
>    The current situation with my TX 70W/60 Ohm:
>
>    The RX-Path is swiched via two reed-Relays (homemade coaxial ones, 
>    for qsk operation) to the receiver input, the TX-Path is switched 
>    via a reed-relay to the PA both from the common input of 
>    low-pass-filter, whitch is allways in the aerial path. My RX is an 
>    EKD 300 (Funkwerk Köpenick, late DDR). In transmit operation this 
>    will cause an sidetone with an pretty high volume, but not too much 
>    annoying noisy.
>
>    My experiments with an 1 Watt driver circuit:
>
>    The signal Path: Oscillator - Driver 1 Watt - Attenuator switchable 
>    0d B...50 dB - TR-relays - RX-Input 
>
>    TR-relays is a series of one Vac-Relay and three Reed-Relays (2 
>    spst, 1 spdt). 
>
>    All build up with coax connectors. It seems to be that I am still 
>    far away from a S9 signal durig transmitting, even with this 1 
>    Watt-Driver. 
>    How You have solved this task? What is done in commercial equipment 
>    with similar power?
>    Is it necesary to have anyway a mute circuit for the receiver? An 
>    input voltage of 1 Volt will not be dangerous for the RX-input and 
>    cause some distortionin the audio-signal, but for a sidetone this 
>    is not a problem. 
>    Waiting for reply 
>
>    55,
>
>    Hans-Albrecht Haffa
>
>    DK 8 ND
>
>     
>
>    ______________________________________________________________________________
>    Erdbeben im Iran: Zehntausende Kinder brauchen Hilfe. UNICEF hilft 
>    den
>    Kindern - helfen Sie mit! https://www.unicef.de/spe/spe_03.php 
>

-- 
Tom Boucher
'Hedgerows'
Sheldon
Honiton
Devon EX14 4QS


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----- Original Message ----- 
From: <WarmSpgs@aol.com>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Wednesday, January 07, 2004 2:35 AM
Subject: Re: LF: Horizontally polarised radiation



> Balloons.  Lots and lots of helium filled party balloons.  :-)


Not if they're the type I got over Christmas. They wouldn't last long enough
to have a decent QRSS30 contact.


Walter G3JKV.




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----- Original Message ----- 
From: "g3ldo" <g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Thursday, January 01, 2004 10:31 PM
Subject: Re: LF: Re: "T" versus "L"aerial


> In the early days of LF experimenting we all thought Ts and Ls from
> available LF commercial knowledge. It soon became apparent that for a
> suburban QTH the shape of the antenna was unimportant. The trick seemed to
> be to put up as much wire covering the greatest area and as high as
> possible.
> John, G4JVC had a long wire running the length of the garden, 3m high at
the
> feed end and 12m high at the other. With this antenna and a TS-850 he was
> able to hear a lot of DX that we couldn't (he was the first to hear
OH5TN).
> All very electrically small antennas have the same half doughnut shaped
3-D
> polar diagram on a computer model. Ground parameters have a huge effect on
> small LF antenna performances so I guess they must compute return path
> losses.


The one I use - Antenna Model - asks whether you want to take ground losses
into account and if so what conductivity figure to use.

Walter G3JKV.







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And what about tuning the MW-choke with parallel-C to 136KHz?
Walter

-----Ursprüngliche Nachricht-----
Von: Gasparik Richard <Richard.Gasparik@siemens.com>
An: 'rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org' <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Datum: Montag, 19. Januar 2004 18:02
Betreff: LF: RE: Re: AC feeder...


>Yes, this is idea. But there are lights and they can't be switched off
>(there are not fuses, fuser are 500m away on the TX site...hi).
>
>Rich
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From: Alan Melia [mailto:Alan.Melia@btinternet.com]
>Sent: Monday, January 19, 2004 5:01 PM
>To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
>Subject: LF: Re: AC feeder...
>
>
>Hi Rich, it may be right off and impossible ( I am not a BC engineer !! or
a
>power engineer) But would it be possible to put a capacitor in parallel
with
>the light-feed chokes to parallel tune them to nearer 136kHz and increase
>their impedance to that frequency ?? Flames accepted if that is a silly
>idea. !! It would need to be a high voltage rated cap of course.
>
>Cheers de Alan G3NYK
>alan.melia@btinternet.com
>
>----- Original Message -----
>From: "Gasparik Richard" <Richard.Gasparik@siemens.com>
>To: "Rsgb_Lf_Group (E-mail)" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
>Sent: 19 January 2004 15:36
>Subject: LF: AC feeder...
>
>
>> Here is the feeding of AC through the RF line...inside the feeder....very
>> well coupling...
>>
>> Rich OM2TW
>>  <<chokes_2.JPG>>
>>
>
>


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Subject: Re: LF: Marek and others
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Hallo Marek,
      tnx fer info. Ok abt ur high noise level. So let`s try with the loop.
Abt our report system:
My proposal: If one can hear the station, he should give "A" or "Ax" (A for
audible), or "Sx" (as usual).
The "O" is then included and not necessary to transmit, because an audible
signal must always be "O" on the screen.  What do the others think?
73   Walter DJ2LF

-----Ursprüngliche Nachricht-----
Von: Marek SQ5BPM <sq5bpm@wp.pl>
An: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Datum: Montag, 19. Januar 2004 13:23
Betreff: Re: LF: Marek and others


>> Hallo to you,
>>        saw Marek yesterday mostly O, sometimes M.
>> Several calls, but no response.
>
>Sorry Walter, I didn't have a single trace of your signal in Argo.
>
>Maybe next time I will have the receiving loop ready, which hopefully will
>improve the RX on my side: even though I hardly tried, I couldn't hear
>RU6LWZ on CW (sorry Ed). SP5ZCC in principle is not the best place for low
>bands due to QRMs - we are in the middle of an 18000 city and Warsaw is
just
>a few kilometers away. It gets only worse as the time passes...
>
>> So with RU6LA, who
>> was stronger than Marek. Had QSO with Teo,
>> YU7AR, was audible most time with 25uV/50ohms,
>> ufb.
>
>YU7AR is usually audible here also (not yesterday though), I wonder if he
>can _hear_ our signal?
>
>Just BTW: Is there a simple common way to send the expression "audible" as
>an addition to the report during the QSO? I didn't find any info... If both
>stations send it, it would be a good opportunity to try CW. Sending the
word
>"audible" is long and not practical. Something like four dashes instead of
O
>would do, but... :-) Any ideas? Maybe "O!" ? Exclamation mark is not an
>international CW character and does not work in QRSS (even as a comma). So
>maybe a full-stop: "O." ? Or "O" followed by a number indicating the
audible
>strength? Or just "O" and then "Sx" where x is a number? It would really
>make things easier! Talking via the Internet is not the way I like. Sorry
if
>discussion alike has already happened on the reflector.
>
>> The 137.xx is a crazy band. For me it seems to be the
>> best way with a lot of work not to make a QSO, hi.
>
>Hard not to agree...
>
>> 73   Walter DJ2LF
>
>73! Marek SQ5BPM
>
>



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Hallo Rich,
      are the light bulbs in use at daytime, when you intend to work? How
about disconnecting them at the choke?
73 Walter


-----Ursprüngliche Nachricht-----
Von: Gasparik Richard <Richard.Gasparik@siemens.com>
An: 'Rsgb_Lf_Group (E-mail)' <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Datum: Montag, 19. Januar 2004 13:15
Betreff: LF: Test failed...


>Hi LF-ers...
>
>Here is a small story from our expedition. At 1400 local time we were on
>site. WX was good and we start tuning the antenna. Receiving problems has
>been solved very quickly and we heard DFC39 extremly strong, the same SVX.
>But after we key the TX, we found problem. It was realy problem to tune
>antenna. I don't know why. We tried to do it until 2200 local time with 3
>coils and 3 variometers from 200uH until 2mH and still nothing. We called
to
>Peter OK1FIG and Bob OK2BVG for the help, but still nothing. We measure
some
>current, but very very low. I was absolutely sad. We have now a possibility
>to operate from this site for some days during the daytime. We will try tu
>tune the antenna with your help, if anybody can help me. I'll be very
happy.
>I'll give you all necessary datas:
>
>Vertical is 135m high with 170cm in diameter (no cap hat), there are 120
>radials in range from the base and 50m, after that are 240 radials between
>range 50-130m. Each radial is from 6mm Cu wire about 30cm under the ground
>level. Ground conductivity is 14,3mS.
>
>Best regards...enjoy LF...
>
>73 de Rich OM2TW
>
> <<P1010001.JPG>>
>



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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hallo to you,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; saw 
Marek yesterday mostly O, sometimes M. Several calls, but no response. So with 
RU6LA, who was stronger than Marek. Had QSO with Teo, YU7AR, was audible most 
time with 25uV/50ohms, ufb.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>The 137.xx is a crazy band. For me it seems to be 
the best way with a lot of work not to make a QSO, hi.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73&nbsp;&nbsp; Walter DJ2LF</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Good morning to All,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>&nbsp;saw yesterday evening / night:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>OH5UFO,&nbsp;&nbsp; G3YXM,&nbsp;&nbsp; RU6LA 
(called him, no response ), DK7FC, DL3FDO, S57A,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>SP5ZCC (called him, but no response ), 
F6BWO.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>This morning RU6LA.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73&nbsp;&nbsp; Walter DJ2LF</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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>From either an engineering standpoint or a scientific standpoint, I'm not 
very comfortable with the term "sea gain" being applied at LF.  The sea is vastly 
less lossy than land--conductivity of 5000mS/m for the former, versus a range 
of anyone from one-half to 30mS/m for the latter.  There is no gain at work 
here; the received signal strength is never as much or more than the inverse 
distance law would suggest for the same signal over a perfectly conductive 
surface.

Note that this statement, as phrased, encompasses the varying 
skywave/surfacewave proportions one would encounter at different frequencies and over 
different path lengths.  Taking all those into account, observed field strengths on 
and near the ocean still do not exceed expected values by the conventional 
propagation models.  One could easily fall into superstition by casually thinking 
of it as actual gain.

The conductivity difference between seawater and land (ranging from 150-to-1 
up to thousands-to-1) is not trivial.  It makes a huge difference in surface 
wave propagation, obviously.  It reduces attenuation for each earth reflection 
of skywaves.  It even affects efficiency of the receive antenna in some cases.

To address Bryan's comments about longwave and mediumwave comparisons, the 
effects are actually quite similar between LF and MF.  Surface wave attenuation 
is greater for a given surface conductivity as one increases in frequency, of 
course, but in this regard 136kHz, 770kHz, or even higher, are all just points 
on a continuum.  Much the same is true of D-layer effects between LF and MF. 
The resulting differences are in such things as the distance where one first 
runs into fading zones and in the amount of day/night signal variations.  But 
again, these are points on a continuum.  One has to go down to mid-VLF before 
one encounters fundamental differences in how propagation works (increasingly 
by waveguide effect), and even that is more because of differences in the 
ionosphere's behavior than the earth's or the ocean's.

Skin depth of the ocean increases as frequency falls, but even at "classical" 
submarine frequencies in the 10-30kHz range, the sea is *far* from 
transparent to radio waves, experiencing 6 to 10dB of attenuation per meter of depth.  
That's pretty drastic.  You have to trail a very long wire, and you're still 
uncomfortably near the surface given the capabilities of spy satellites.

It is necessary to descend to 1kHz to achieve a mere 1dB/m, and even at the 
ULF signaling frequencies of Sanguine and Zevs, it runs one or two tenths of a 
decibel per meter--manageable at depth, albeit only at very low data rates.  A 
good graph of the attenuation values can be found in M. L Burrows' "ELF 
Communications Antennas" (1978, Peter Peregrinus Ltd on behalf of the IEE).

(OT:  In the other direction, the attenuation rises uniformly to roughly 
1000dB/m (!) at 10GHz, then jumps roughly another decade of loss, where it remains 
more or less constant until we reach the visible light spectrum, where the 
curve takes a sharp dip down to about the 1kHz level.  The ability of 
electromagnetic radiation to penetrate liquid water to reasonable depths at that 
frequency is exactly the reason why the chlorophyll molecule, and by extension, its 
later quasi-analog, the hemoglobin molecule, are at the heart of nearly all 
life on earth.  The evolutionary chemical consequences of which, are why we know 
that octave of spectrum as "visible light" in the first place.)

John D


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In a message dated 1/7/04 3:58:20 AM Eastern Standard Time, 
tractorb@ihug.co.nz writes:

> (sorry for mixing units-it's probably a sign of age!) 

It's good to be multi-lingual.  :-)



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In a message dated 1/6/04 2:26:52 PM Eastern Standard Time, 
captbrian@ukonline.co.uk writes:

> Nothing magic about it but its usual proportions for HF are still 
> impossible for amateur 136 . (how would one keep the loop up ? )

Balloons.  Lots and lots of helium filled party balloons.  :-)





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> Do you think it will work on LF too? :o)

According to those "actual equations," I am convinced it will work exactly 
the same at LF as it soes at wireless LAN frequencies!  Not many other products 
can make that claim.

Of course, one should carefully heed the instructions regarding "Do not use 
near electrical appliances."

That guarantee is something, too.  It's almost as good as the one for a diet 
powder that used to be sold on late-night cable TV here.  You would buy a 30 
day supply, and if it turned out to be total rubbish and didn't do anything at 
all--they promised to send you MORE of it, free.

Members of this list may also be able to relate to another "advert" at that 
site, The 3rd Annual Nigerian EMail Conference.  It's at:
http://www.j-walk.com/other/conf/index.htm

Thanks for sharing that amazing find, Johan.  :-)

John D.




