From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Alan Melia" <Alan.Melia@btinternet.com>
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Hi all, Laurence KL1X is reporting that the path to Europe is improving now
and he is hearing DCF39 at audible levels again. CFH has improved here over
the last few nights, so I guess we are on the "upslope". Bearing in mind
Laurence has only a few more weeks active from Anchorage, it could be a good
time to start a "campaign" to  crack that route on 136. Laurence has an ARGO
window open on 135.92 ish, and is transmitting a "non-amateur" FCC Part 5
beacon signal on 137.77355. ( not seen yet here ) A qso is not possible but
reception both ways would be the next best thing. Calsign is WD2XDW

Joe VO1NA was active again last night and was providing good QRSS20 signals
on 137.777 right up until about 0900z this morning.....Joe will also listen
down at the 135.922 end I believe.

Mitch VE3OT is also on-air again, running a Part 5 beacon "MP" from London
Ontario on 137.7798

Another difficult one is Eric (near to where Laurence will be moving ) on
Oklahoma with a 400 W beacon WD2XFX on 137.78077.....I think Eric may still
be off air just now with Corona-burn on his aerial insulation. Eric has not
yet been heard by Joe, who is on his GC path to the UK.

Hopefully now the sudden solar "flare-up" seems to have died away, and
geomagnetic activity has quietened, we might see conditions improve to the
point of success with some at least of there routes. Joe has already worked
Jim two-way.....and is visible almost regardless of the conditions, with a
"window" of almost 12 hours now. Really good conditions could produce the
first manual morse T/A qso !!

Good Hunting !! ....its not illegal yet!!
Cheers de Alan G3NYK
alan.melia@btinternet.com




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Hi Peter, I do not know that bridge but I have several others that cover LF.
The problem when doing aerial impedance measurements in the presence of a
high field from local sources is the difficulty of getting a true deep
"null" at bridge balance. A good bridge with a clean sinewave drive (no
harmonics) will normally give a null of at least 60dB and often as much as
90dB or more. Any "contamination" of the null will lead to erroneous balance
and incorrect measurements. I find that most bridges will expect to be run
with a drive of around 2 to 5 volts, and will not be damaged (normally) by
about 10volts. If in any doubt this should be filtered to avoid harmonics.
10 volts is about +27dBm in 50ohms , but if Mainflingen is giving -5dBm you
only have a margin of 32dB which is not really enough for accurate
measurements. I do not know the answer except to build a high-power bridge
and use a few watts of drive. A very simple transformer ratio-arm bridge can
be built with toroids and driven from an LF QRP TX. You may have to be a
little more caeful about the higher voltages that the drive will produce.
This way at least you could get a margin of 60 to 80dB and would not need a
sensitive null detector though it should be tuned. It is possible that a
synchronous detector could be an advantage....the Lock-in amplifier effect
giving a very narrow bandwidth. Just a thought that this might be worth
trying with a "normal" bridge where it might give significant advantages
over a normal wide-band not phase-locked detector.

I hope that gives you some ideas
Cheers de Alan G3NYK
alam.melia@btinternet.com

----- Original Message -----
From: "dj9dw" <dj9dw@t-online.de>
To: "LF_group" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: 27 November 2003 10:53
Subject: LF: Impedancebridge


> Hello LFers,
> is the Gereral Radio 1656 covering our LF-Band?
> Can it take 20dBm or a bit more? My friends in Mainflingen deliver -5 dBm
> out of the umbrella here. So I have to run rather high levels for
> measurement.
> Are there alternative meters?
> The modern antennaanalyzers as MJF or AEA quit in my qra.
> tks 4 reply es 73 de Peter, dj9dw.
>
>
>
>




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Hi Jim, the plot from CFH last night was best early on. I have signals from
Joe for most of the night with the best traces around about 0200z when I got
an "O" call sign. the water path seems to favour Joe almost regradless of
conditions there is something visible from him, unless swamped by local qrm.

There could be times when conditions are quite reasonable but with the
amount of Solar activity it is almost imposible to predict when. I think
that conditions will be beginning to improve just as the big spots come
round the limb of the sun's disc again. Some reports suggest that they have
been quite active while round the "dark side of the Sun".

Cheers de Alan G3NYK
alan.melia@btinternet.com





From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Hi John, well I would like to be wrong, but you gotta play 'em as you "read
the music" (:-))
Joe's path does seem to be very forgiving. I have noticed before that his
signal is detectable almost regardless of the conditions. That 1000kms less
distance does seem to be quite crucial. When you think about his signal it
does suggest that that the famous Marconi "s" could have been heard for just
the same reason. Using a kite he had to listen in daylight ( you cant
successfully fly kites at night!! ) and heard the signal around "mid-day". I
take it that would have been mid-day Newfoundland time, and at that point
daylight D-layer would have been at about its best. I have yet to find
geomag data for that winter.....NOAA 's archives dont go back that far !!

Cheers de Alan G3NYK
alan.melia@btinternet.com





From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Subject: LF: Re: Please forward this mail to Andrew Talbot... [Lf] Frequency
 standards for LF. The next generation]
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I found myself the answer. There is a project for such a device in the new
Andrew Talbot's book : Command, edited by RSGB.

73  Alberto  I2PHD


Alberto di Bene wrote:

> Dan Gani <dan_g@unisor.com> wrote:
>
>> Dear Andrew Talbot,
>> I just read your article from LF concerning 1pps VCXO lock (JUN 2002).
>> As you suggested at the paper, would you mind sending me the design.
>>
>> Thank you,
>>
>>
>> Dan Gani
>> Microwave Engineer
>>  
>>
> Is that article perhaps available online somewhere ? Thanks.
>
> 73  Alberto  I2PHD
>





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Dan Gani <dan_g@unisor.com> wrote:

>Dear Andrew Talbot,
>I just read your article from LF concerning 1pps VCXO lock (JUN 2002).
>As you suggested at the paper, would you mind sending me the design.
>
>Thank you,
>
>
>Dan Gani
>Microwave Engineer
>  
>
Is that article perhaps available online somewhere ? Thanks.

73  Alberto  I2PHD






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From: "Alberto di Bene" <dibene@usa.net>
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Subject: LF: Cat5 cable used as feed line for LF
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Good evening all,

  I measured the attenuation of 30 meters of Ethernet cable Cat5, for a 
possible use as
feed line for a loop, and it turned out to be surprisingly low at 137 kHz.

Details here : http://dibene.interfree.it/sdradio/cabletest.html

73  Alberto  I2PHD






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Hi Dex,

>I built the xmitter about 1965 after
>reading a an article in an electronics magazine about the Part 15 rules.  A
>schematic was included using what I believe was a 6AQ5 for the power amp.
So I'm
>fairly sure the Part 15 rules for the 160-190 kc band was made prior to
1965.

Reminds my of a 1958 article in Radio-TV News (I think) describing
construction of a CB transceiver using 6AQ5s that I built. Is there any way
to figure out which magazine your Lowfer article was in? A lot of us would
like to get our hands on it for a 'feel' of what was going on back then.
Unfortunately there aren't too many libraries that carry publications going
back that far.

There was another article in an electronics publication about 20 years ago
that I thought described a Lowfer transmitter and receiver (and I told a
number of guys I was searching for it in my boxes of old magazines), but
after finding it, I was disappointed when it turned out to be for the <10kHz
band. 

Bill A

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From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "captbrian" <captbrian@ukonline.co.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Date: Mon, 24 Nov 2003 13:07:33 -0000
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Subject: LF: Re: RE: OFF TOPIC but radio. - TX sidetone level adjustment (in
 RX loadspeaker)
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Thanks for that but the answer proved to be "turn down the control at the
side of the box" which left me with red face.

Bryan
-----Original Message-----
From: jan-martin.noding@telenor.com <jan-martin.noding@telenor.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Date: 24 November 2003 12:41
Subject: LF: RE: OFF TOPIC but radio. - TX sidetone level adjustment (in RX
loadspeaker)


Usually at FET would solve it, with a series resistor to adjust the sidetone
level, and possibly a capacitor if it is a dc level from ground. It is many
switch type FETs, those I know and have in my store are 2N7006, VN2408,
VN2410, VN2222

Yaesu would probably have used a bipolar device, with questionable effect,
particularly in such old transceivers as my FT-902

73 Jan-Martin

---
J M Nøding, Datakvalitet, TTS, Kristiansand
http://tts.telenor.no/orginfo.html?filterstructureid=13&parent=86&treetopid=
86
Telefon 0047-380-52660, 9077-7126 (QTH: 0047-380-87178)



-----Original Message-----
From: owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
[mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org]On Behalf Of captbrian
Sent: 19. november 2003 16:44
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Subject: LF: OFF TOPIC but radio.


Does anyone know how to lower the volume of the cw side-tone on a IC706Mk2G
?

If I turn down the volume control I need to turn it back up again to hear
the incoming signal each over. This gets tedious and wakes the neighbours
when I start sending without reducing audio gain .Also may bring MI5 round
at 2.00 am with current security jitters.

G3GVB


-----Original Message-----
From: G0MRF@aol.com <G0MRF@aol.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Date: 19 November 2003 14:22
Subject: Re: LF: CT1/G3KEV


>In a message dated 11/18/03 8:02:22 PM GMT Standard Time,
>g3kev.ham@virgin.net writes:
>
>> Airport security at LEEDS very thorough, when my equipment passed the
xray
>> machine all the lights and buzzers went off because of one dangerous
looking
>> item. I had to unpack one bag and the suspect item was my MORSE key. They
had
>> not encountered one of these devices before. One the way back at FARO
>> airport the security xray light up just the same flashing lights etc but
the man
>> just waved me on, he obviously knows all about amateur radio and morse
keys
>> !!!!!!!!!!!!!
>>
>> 73 de Mal/G3KEV
>>
>>
>
>Nice to work you on voice on 80m for the first time Mal.
>
>FB on the security.  I find that the X-ray machines hate the solid metal
base
>of some morse keys. Apparently the density of block of Semtex has a similar
>effect on the image displayed on the security monitors.
>
>73
>
>David
>








From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "captbrian" <captbrian@ukonline.co.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Date: Mon, 24 Nov 2003 09:00:44 -0000
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I've just invented a new item in the Q-code.
 QRSP? meaning "are my signals  smug and pompous "?

and reply   QRSP  23/11 your signals are smug and pompous on 23 November
(for example)

Bryan - G3GVB


-----Original Message-----
From: Jose E. Ribeiro Sa <ct1eeb@mail.telepac.pt>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Date: 23 November 2003 23:30
Subject: LF: Re: R: CT1/G3KEV


>Iam glad you enjoyed my country so much Mal.
>
>I guess you haven't forgot to ask ANACOM
>(our licensing authority) for the special permits
>authorizing you for the use of 6m., right ?
>Don't forget 137 Khz are also authorized under
>a special permit.
>By the way this 2 bands are not allowed and included
>in the CEPT agreement, so, you cannot TX in Portugal
>in 137 Khz and 50 Mhz using the CEPT License, but,
>I'm sure you hold a permanent (resident) license.
>
>I hold a 137 Khz special permit valid until 2005 and it says
>135.7 to 137.8 Khz with a max ERP of 1 Watt.
>Yes, you read it well 1 WATT only.
>Hope they will allow you more when you ask for your permit during
>your next visit to the Algarve.
>
>See you in the LF.
>
>Jose  CT1EEB
>VK8CS, former 4W6EB
>http://www.qsl.net/ct1eeb
>
>Da: hamilton mal <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
>A: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
>Oggetto: LF: CT1/G3KEV
>Data: martedì 18 novembre 2003 18.14
>
>Hi All
>I have just returned from CT1/Algarve and had a great time dxing from
>there. CT1 is fairly rare, the radio amateur population is low compared to
>most other EU countries. I did work three LF operators on the higher
>frequencies OK1DTN, G0MRF and G3YMC and several hundred others world wide
>on various bands from 160 to 6 metres.
>The 6 metre band was interesting from the south coast of Portugal. I worked
>a number of ZS6 stations, V51E, TR8CA and RW1AY/MM in the South Atlantic
>off the West African coast. I did hear the UK beacon GB3MCB but no UK
>stations.
>I took all the necessary radio equipment and antennas with me. The portable
>station consisted of an ICOM 706 and a small 25A smpsu. The Antenna was an
>80 metre doublet up at a height of about 18 metres and a suitable ATU to
>match the antenna on all bands to the transceiver.
>Everything worked well without snags. At my CT1 qth there was plenty of
>room for antennas for the LF bands even 137 khz and next time I might try
>it. I have arranged an even better qth next time with a villa and 20 acres
>of vineyard for antennas plus the swimming pool for a good earth.
>No one around my qth seemed bothered by my antenna mast and antennas. Most
>of the Algarve is covered by large 1- 2 metre satellite dishes and other
>large poles with TV antennas attached. Antennas of all varities are the
>norm there and the odd radio amateur mast and antennas just blends in hi .
>A big difference from the UK where some Councils insist on planning consent
>for small dishes that you could hardly see and a pole higher than the
>normal washing line is prohibited!!!!!!!
>It could be time to move South West to a villa with swimming pool, vineyard
>and no planning needed for masts and antennas all at affordable prices,
>plus good food, good beer and brandy and  GOOD SERVICE at the right price.
>Airport security at LEEDS very thorough, when my equipment passed the xray
>machine all the lights and buzzers went off because of one dangerous
>looking item. I had to unpack one bag and the suspect item was my MORSE
>key. They had not encountered one of these devices before. One the way back
>at FARO airport the security xray light up just the same flashing lights
>etc but the man just waved me on, he obviously knows all about amateur
>radio and morse keys !!!!!!!!!!!!!
>
>73 de Mal/G3KEV
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>




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OK. found it. !Adjustment on rear panel. Evenin' all.
Bryan
-----Original Message-----
From: Tom Boucher <tom@telemetry.demon.co.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Date: 19 November 2003 17:54
Subject: Re: LF: OFF TOPIC but radio.


>Brian
>
>Not sure I understand the problem because the sidetone on mine is
>roughly the same volume as incoming signals. i.e. When receiving quietly
>so as not to disturb my neighbours in the flat next door at my /A
>location, the sidetone is also quiet. 
>
>I wonder if there is a pot to balance the two levels?
>
>73, Tom G3OLB
>
>
>




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Then there must be a pot to set somewhere (or maybe a virtual one ) my
side-tone would wake the dead even with ear-muffs. Mislaying the manual
hasn't helped
( 

Bryan
-----Original Message-----
From: Tom Boucher <tom@telemetry.demon.co.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Date: 19 November 2003 17:54
Subject: Re: LF: OFF TOPIC but radio.


>Brian
>
>Not sure I understand the problem because the sidetone on mine is
>roughly the same volume as incoming signals. i.e. When receiving quietly
>so as not to disturb my neighbours in the flat next door at my /A
>location, the sidetone is also quiet. 
>
>I wonder if there is a pot to balance the two levels?
>
>73, Tom G3OLB
>
>
>





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Does anyone know how to lower the volume of the cw side-tone on a IC706Mk2G
?

If I turn down the volume control I need to turn it back up again to hear
the incoming signal each over. This gets tedious and wakes the neighbours
when I start sending without reducing audio gain .Also may bring MI5 round
at 2.00 am with current security jitters.

G3GVB


-----Original Message-----
From: G0MRF@aol.com <G0MRF@aol.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Date: 19 November 2003 14:22
Subject: Re: LF: CT1/G3KEV


>In a message dated 11/18/03 8:02:22 PM GMT Standard Time,
>g3kev.ham@virgin.net writes:
>
>> Airport security at LEEDS very thorough, when my equipment passed the
xray
>> machine all the lights and buzzers went off because of one dangerous
looking
>> item. I had to unpack one bag and the suspect item was my MORSE key. They
had
>> not encountered one of these devices before. One the way back at FARO
>> airport the security xray light up just the same flashing lights etc but
the man
>> just waved me on, he obviously knows all about amateur radio and morse
keys
>> !!!!!!!!!!!!!
>>
>> 73 de Mal/G3KEV
>>
>>
>
>Nice to work you on voice on 80m for the first time Mal.
>
>FB on the security.  I find that the X-ray machines hate the solid metal
base
>of some morse keys. Apparently the density of block of Semtex has a similar
>effect on the image displayed on the security monitors.
>
>73
>
>David
>




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "captbrian" <captbrian@ukonline.co.uk>
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Security type  at Gatwick was an ex- RN telegraphist. My key is ex-Danish
railways hence so much nostalgic talk I almost missed the flight LOL.  Tip:
put it in hand-luggage and you can resolve it there and then.

Bryan
-----Original Message-----
From: hamilton mal <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Date: 18 November 2003 20:09
Subject: LF: CT1/G3KEV


Hi All
I have just returned from CT1/Algarve and had a great time dxing from there.
CT1 is fairly rare, the radio amateur population is low compared to most
other EU countries. I did work three LF operators on the higher frequencies
OK1DTN, G0MRF and G3YMC and several hundred others world wide on various
bands from 160 to 6 metres.
The 6 metre band was interesting from the south coast of Portugal. I worked
a number of ZS6 stations, V51E, TR8CA and RW1AY/MM in the South Atlantic off
the West African coast. I did hear the UK beacon GB3MCB but no UK stations.
I took all the necessary radio equipment and antennas with me. The portable
station consisted of an ICOM 706 and a small 25A smpsu. The Antenna was an
80 metre doublet up at a height of about 18 metres and a suitable ATU to
match the antenna on all bands to the transceiver.
Everything worked well without snags. At my CT1 qth there was plenty of room
for antennas for the LF bands even 137 khz and next time I might try it. I
have arranged an even better qth next time with a villa and 20 acres of
vineyard for antennas plus the swimming pool for a good earth.
No one around my qth seemed bothered by my antenna mast and antennas. Most
of the Algarve is covered by large 1- 2 metre satellite dishes and other
large poles with TV antennas attached. Antennas of all varities are the norm
there and the odd radio amateur mast and antennas just blends in hi . A big
difference from the UK where some Councils insist on planning consent for
small dishes that you could hardly see and a pole higher than the normal
washing line is prohibited!!!!!!!
It could be time to move South West to a villa with swimming pool, vineyard
and no planning needed for masts and antennas all at affordable prices, plus
good food, good beer and brandy and  GOOD SERVICE at the right price.
Airport security at LEEDS very thorough, when my equipment passed the xray
machine all the lights and buzzers went off because of one dangerous looking
item. I had to unpack one bag and the suspect item was my MORSE key. They
had not encountered one of these devices before. One the way back at FARO
airport the security xray light up just the same flashing lights etc but the
man just waved me on, he obviously knows all about amateur radio and morse
keys !!!!!!!!!!!!!

73 de Mal/G3KEV







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In the back of my mind is a reference to a US AM broadcast station with an
unexplained regular frequency change cycle.

bryan
-----Original Message-----
From: Dave Pick <g3yxm@wireless.org.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Date: 18 November 2003 10:48
Subject: LF: Re: LF. UI signals


>Peter.
>
>I've seen that one. DX I think because it fades up at particular times in
>the small hours..
>
>Dave G3YXM
>
>
>----- Original Message -----
>From: "g3ldo" <g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk>
>To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
>Sent: Monday, November 17, 2003 10:37 AM
>Subject: LF: LF. UI signals
>
>
>> Hello LF Group,
>> Anyone know the origin of the signal in the attached picture?
>> Argo set for QRSS30 slow speed. QSB on signal - it had dissapeared in the
>> next frame and returned in the following. The regular QSY up and down of
>> .5Hz is strange.
>>
>> Regards,
>> Peter, G3LDO
>>
>> e-mail <g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk>
>>
>>
>>
>
>
>
>




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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I am enjoying this but was there no consideration of the likely load
impedances needing to be fed? Surely all the finer points of line loss are
wiped out if a mismatch or lossy matching network becomes necessary??

bryan g3gvb ?

-----Original Message-----
From: Dave Brown <tractorb@ihug.co.nz>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Date: 12 November 2003 20:52
Subject: Re: LF: Dummy-Load on LW


> Laurence and others-
>While it's quite likely that the standard copper pipe story is true, the
>basic physics of the issue are fairly simple- for a given coax outer
>diameter it can be shown there is a broad minimum in loss for an outer to
>inner diameter ratio of  approx. 3.6.  With polyethelene dielectric this
>gives a characteristic impedance of approx. 50 ohms.(actually nearer
>52-sound familiar to you old timers?) Take out the dielectric and the
>resulting air line has a characteristic impedance of roughly 75 ohms.(close
>to 77)
>The loss minimum is very broad-such that in an airline, there is only about
>a 10-12% loss increase going from about 50 ohms up to 110 ohms as the
>outer/inner diameter ratio changes. So if using standard pipe sizes gave a
>50 ohm line, they were only compromising  by 10% or so wrpt use of  the 77
>ohms ideal figure.
>73
>Dave, ZL3FJ
>
>
>
>
>
>
>----- Original Message -----
>From: "Laurence KL1X" <hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com>
>To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
>Sent: Thursday, November 13, 2003 7:02 AM
>Subject: Re: LF: Dummy-Load on LW
>
>
>> I found a thread that says something to the effect that 50 ohm was chosen
>> (in the US) during the war period because of the standard diameters
>> available in copper tubing at the time (!) - that sort of makes sense D/d
>> and all that....must be all hard line!
>>
>> Laurence
>> (too young to rem WW2)
>>
>>
>> >From: "captbrian" <captbrian@ukonline.co.uk>
>> >Reply-To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
>> >To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
>> >Subject: Re: LF:  Dummy-Load on LW
>> >Date: Wed, 12 Nov 2003 08:04:52 -0000
>> >
>> >which raises the question I have often wondered about.
>> >  When I started in ham radio all coax was post-war surplus 75 ohm. I
>> >assumed
>> >in my youth it was to match a free-space dipole !.
>> >
>> >When I came back to radio after a thirty-year absence in 1990 all was 50
>> >ohm.
>> >
>> >Who,  when and why did someone decide to change to 50 ohm ??
>> >
>> >Bryan G3GVB
>> >-----Original Message-----
>> >From: Hans-Joachim Brandt <hajo.brandt.dj1zb@t-online.de>
>> >To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
>> >Date: 12 November 2003 00:16
>> >Subject: Re: LF: Dummy-Load on LW
>> >
>> >
>> >Dear all,
>> >
>> >around 1959, when I joined Rohde&Schwarz in Munich, 60 ohms has been the
>> >standard cable impedance in Germany for all broadcast and television
>> >transmitters in the fifties and for other commercial RF equipment. Cage
>and
>> >other transmitting antennas were also designed for 60 ohms. I have also
>> >built my first amateur radio dummy load for 60 ohms.
>> >
>> >I do not know exactly the reason for 60 ohms, somebody has told me that
>> >this
>> >impedance has been a compromise between 50 ohms and 75 ohms, (perhaps
>> >following the idea that 75 ohms allows the production of cables with
>> >minimum
>> >losses whilst 50 ohms would allow to send higher power through a coaxial
>> >cable).
>> >
>> >On the other hand 75 ohms has been used and is still in use for video
>> >equipment in TV  transmitters and studio equipment; higher video
voltages
>> >needed for TV modulator stages have often been terminated with 150 ohms
>to
>> >save power, generating double the voltage with the same current.
>> >
>> >But in the sixties a change to 50 ohms impedance for RF equipment became
>> >standard also in Germany, there was a need to match to the international
>> >market standards.
>> >
>> >Concerning receiving antennas, the first VHF FM and TV antennas in the
>> >early
>> >fifties in Germany were folded dipoles with a 300 ohms symmetrical cable
>> >feed. But soon the folded dipole with reflector (and some directors)
>became
>> >popular, using 240 ohms symmetrical cable for about two decades (thus
>> >confirming Wolf's [DL4YHF] contribution), TV distribution systems in
>houses
>> >used 60 ohms with a 4:1 balun to connect the antennas (for the TV
>receivers
>> >with 240 ohms symmetrical input another 1:4 balun was needed to connect
>> >them
>> >to the 60 ohms house system). Later on TV receivers and TV receiving
>> >antennas were changed to 75 Ohms coaxial, CATV systems used 75 ohms from
>> >the
>> >beginning, the CATV start in Germany has been rather late, about 1984.
>> >
>> >By the way, a lot of russian Surplus HF equipment which became available
>in
>> >Germany after the breakdown of the iron curtain, even automatic antenna
>> >tuners, were designed for 75 ohms impedance.
>> >
>> >73 Ha-Jo, DJ1ZB
>> >
>> >
>> >"Walter Blanchard" <blanch@pncl.co.uk> schrieb:
>> > > DK8ND's email raises an interesting point. Can any of our German
>friends
>> >tell me why an impedance of 60 ohms was popular in Germany for some time
>> >but
>> >not anywhere else?
>> > >
>> > > Walter G3JKV.
>> > >
>> > >
>> > >
>> > >
>> > > ---
>> > >
>> > > Checked by AVG anti-virus system (http://www.grisoft.com).
>> > > Version: 6.0.525 / Virus Database: 322 - Release Date: 09/10/03
>> >
>> >
>> >
>> >
>> >
>> >
>>
>> _________________________________________________________________
>> Is your computer infected with a virus?  Find out with a FREE computer
>virus
>> scan from McAfee.  Take the FreeScan now!
>> http://clinic.mcafee.com/clinic/ibuy/campaign.asp?cid=3963
>>
>>
>>
>
>
>




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which raises the question I have often wondered about.
 When I started in ham radio all coax was post-war surplus 75 ohm. I assumed
in my youth it was to match a free-space dipole !.

When I came back to radio after a thirty-year absence in 1990 all was 50
ohm.

Who,  when and why did someone decide to change to 50 ohm ??

Bryan G3GVB
-----Original Message-----
From: Hans-Joachim Brandt <hajo.brandt.dj1zb@t-online.de>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Date: 12 November 2003 00:16
Subject: Re: LF: Dummy-Load on LW


Dear all,

around 1959, when I joined Rohde&Schwarz in Munich, 60 ohms has been the
standard cable impedance in Germany for all broadcast and television
transmitters in the fifties and for other commercial RF equipment. Cage and
other transmitting antennas were also designed for 60 ohms. I have also
built my first amateur radio dummy load for 60 ohms.

I do not know exactly the reason for 60 ohms, somebody has told me that this
impedance has been a compromise between 50 ohms and 75 ohms, (perhaps
following the idea that 75 ohms allows the production of cables with minimum
losses whilst 50 ohms would allow to send higher power through a coaxial
cable).

On the other hand 75 ohms has been used and is still in use for video
equipment in TV  transmitters and studio equipment; higher video voltages
needed for TV modulator stages have often been terminated with 150 ohms to
save power, generating double the voltage with the same current.

But in the sixties a change to 50 ohms impedance for RF equipment became
standard also in Germany, there was a need to match to the international
market standards.

Concerning receiving antennas, the first VHF FM and TV antennas in the early
fifties in Germany were folded dipoles with a 300 ohms symmetrical cable
feed. But soon the folded dipole with reflector (and some directors) became
popular, using 240 ohms symmetrical cable for about two decades (thus
confirming Wolf's [DL4YHF] contribution), TV distribution systems in houses
used 60 ohms with a 4:1 balun to connect the antennas (for the TV receivers
with 240 ohms symmetrical input another 1:4 balun was needed to connect them
to the 60 ohms house system). Later on TV receivers and TV receiving
antennas were changed to 75 Ohms coaxial, CATV systems used 75 ohms from the
beginning, the CATV start in Germany has been rather late, about 1984.

By the way, a lot of russian Surplus HF equipment which became available in
Germany after the breakdown of the iron curtain, even automatic antenna
tuners, were designed for 75 ohms impedance.

73 Ha-Jo, DJ1ZB


"Walter Blanchard" <blanch@pncl.co.uk> schrieb:
> DK8ND's email raises an interesting point. Can any of our German friends
tell me why an impedance of 60 ohms was popular in Germany for some time but
not anywhere else?
>
> Walter G3JKV.
>
>
>
>
> ---
>
> Checked by AVG anti-virus system (http://www.grisoft.com).
> Version: 6.0.525 / Virus Database: 322 - Release Date: 09/10/03








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What does SAQ use?
Bryan G3GVB


-----Original Message-----
From: Johan Bodin <sm6lkm.jbeab@swipnet.se>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Date: 11 November 2003 20:56
Subject: LF: Re: Dummy loads at LF


Dear group,

at a wavelength of 2200m I can't see any reason why a bucket of
salt water can't be used as a "poor man's dummy load". Also,
water needs a lot of energy to heat up. At 4.18 kJ/(kg*K) a 10 liter
bucket will take a kWh, or so, before reaching the boiling point...    :-)

By the way, the speed (frequency) control system at SAQ contains
servo controlled "liquid rheostats".

Any ideas for electrode material?

73

Johan SM6LKM







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From: cla.po@tiscali.it
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>-- Messaggio Originale --
>From: dj9dw@t-online.de (dj9dw)
>To: "LF_group" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
>Date: Thu, 27 Nov 2003 11:53:27 +0100
>Subject: LF: Impedancebridge
>Reply-To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
>
>
>Hello LFers,
>is the Gereral Radio 1656 covering our LF-Band?

I don't know.

>Can it take 20dBm or a bit more? My friends in Mainflingen deliver -5 dBm
>out of the umbrella here. So I have to run rather high levels for
>measurement.
>Are there alternative meters?

May be that any impedance bridge using as RF detector some selective level
meter (pegelmesser) can help you for this measure.

73  de Claudio, ik2pii



__________________________________________________________________
Tiscali ADSL SENZA CANONE, paghi solo quando navighi!
E in più il modem e' GRATIS! Abbonati subito.
http://point.tiscali.it/adsl/index.shtml






From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Dave Brown" <tractorb@ihug.co.nz>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <c3.3abaa590.2ceccdc5@aol.com> <000601c3aee7$723ec2e0$2bc428c3@erica>
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Had a play with one of the 'x-ray' machines recently 'cos of an EIP counter
I was hand luggaging home that caused a few raised eyebrows- I was quite
early for the flight and there was no-one else in the queue so I spent about
5 minutes with the machine operator trying all the options out-after I
showed them what it was.

 They can use varying degrees of apparent visual depth and different
artificial colours, so the screen picture can be quite complex.  It's a bit
like having a camera with a small depth of field and adjusting the zoom so
you can start at the top of something and look at all the 'layers' on the
way through to the bottom as the 'zoom' gets changed. The end result is that
the innards of most items can be seen in quite some detail.
But thick solid metallic things that can't be readily seen inside of (e.g.
the power transformer in the counter in this case) are definitely subject to
more than the average scrutiny!
73
Dave
ZL3FJ

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "g3ldo" <g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Thursday, November 20, 2003 10:52 AM
Subject: Re: LF: CT1/G3KEV


>
> Dave, G0MRF said:
>
> >I find that the X-ray machines hate the solid metal base of some morse
> keys.
> >Apparently the density of block of Semtex has a similar effect on
> >the image displayed on the security monitors.
>
> Can these machines tell the difference between a metal box of components,
> such as a rig, ATU or PSU and a solid block of a CW key?
> I was more concerned about weight (as the XYL seemed to want to pack her
> entire wardrobe) so I used a lightweight CW paddle that was fixed to a
> clipboard that contained all the amateur radio papers.
> I put all my ham radio gear into a separate small case which I never saw
> again until it reluctantly appeared at baggage reclaim. I carried my
laptop
> and antenna mast (fibre glass telescopic roach pole, used as a walking
> stick) as hand luggage. I specifically asked that the laptop didn't go
> through the xray machine so that was the only item that got looked at.
>
> Peter G3LDO
>
>
>




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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 Laurence and others-
While it's quite likely that the standard copper pipe story is true, the
basic physics of the issue are fairly simple- for a given coax outer
diameter it can be shown there is a broad minimum in loss for an outer to
inner diameter ratio of  approx. 3.6.  With polyethelene dielectric this
gives a characteristic impedance of approx. 50 ohms.(actually nearer
52-sound familiar to you old timers?) Take out the dielectric and the
resulting air line has a characteristic impedance of roughly 75 ohms.(close
to 77)
The loss minimum is very broad-such that in an airline, there is only about
a 10-12% loss increase going from about 50 ohms up to 110 ohms as the
outer/inner diameter ratio changes. So if using standard pipe sizes gave a
50 ohm line, they were only compromising  by 10% or so wrpt use of  the 77
ohms ideal figure.
73
Dave, ZL3FJ






----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Laurence KL1X" <hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Thursday, November 13, 2003 7:02 AM
Subject: Re: LF: Dummy-Load on LW


> I found a thread that says something to the effect that 50 ohm was chosen
> (in the US) during the war period because of the standard diameters
> available in copper tubing at the time (!) - that sort of makes sense D/d
> and all that....must be all hard line!
>
> Laurence
> (too young to rem WW2)
>
>
> >From: "captbrian" <captbrian@ukonline.co.uk>
> >Reply-To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
> >To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
> >Subject: Re: LF:  Dummy-Load on LW
> >Date: Wed, 12 Nov 2003 08:04:52 -0000
> >
> >which raises the question I have often wondered about.
> >  When I started in ham radio all coax was post-war surplus 75 ohm. I
> >assumed
> >in my youth it was to match a free-space dipole !.
> >
> >When I came back to radio after a thirty-year absence in 1990 all was 50
> >ohm.
> >
> >Who,  when and why did someone decide to change to 50 ohm ??
> >
> >Bryan G3GVB
> >-----Original Message-----
> >From: Hans-Joachim Brandt <hajo.brandt.dj1zb@t-online.de>
> >To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
> >Date: 12 November 2003 00:16
> >Subject: Re: LF: Dummy-Load on LW
> >
> >
> >Dear all,
> >
> >around 1959, when I joined Rohde&Schwarz in Munich, 60 ohms has been the
> >standard cable impedance in Germany for all broadcast and television
> >transmitters in the fifties and for other commercial RF equipment. Cage
and
> >other transmitting antennas were also designed for 60 ohms. I have also
> >built my first amateur radio dummy load for 60 ohms.
> >
> >I do not know exactly the reason for 60 ohms, somebody has told me that
> >this
> >impedance has been a compromise between 50 ohms and 75 ohms, (perhaps
> >following the idea that 75 ohms allows the production of cables with
> >minimum
> >losses whilst 50 ohms would allow to send higher power through a coaxial
> >cable).
> >
> >On the other hand 75 ohms has been used and is still in use for video
> >equipment in TV  transmitters and studio equipment; higher video voltages
> >needed for TV modulator stages have often been terminated with 150 ohms
to
> >save power, generating double the voltage with the same current.
> >
> >But in the sixties a change to 50 ohms impedance for RF equipment became
> >standard also in Germany, there was a need to match to the international
> >market standards.
> >
> >Concerning receiving antennas, the first VHF FM and TV antennas in the
> >early
> >fifties in Germany were folded dipoles with a 300 ohms symmetrical cable
> >feed. But soon the folded dipole with reflector (and some directors)
became
> >popular, using 240 ohms symmetrical cable for about two decades (thus
> >confirming Wolf's [DL4YHF] contribution), TV distribution systems in
houses
> >used 60 ohms with a 4:1 balun to connect the antennas (for the TV
receivers
> >with 240 ohms symmetrical input another 1:4 balun was needed to connect
> >them
> >to the 60 ohms house system). Later on TV receivers and TV receiving
> >antennas were changed to 75 Ohms coaxial, CATV systems used 75 ohms from
> >the
> >beginning, the CATV start in Germany has been rather late, about 1984.
> >
> >By the way, a lot of russian Surplus HF equipment which became available
in
> >Germany after the breakdown of the iron curtain, even automatic antenna
> >tuners, were designed for 75 ohms impedance.
> >
> >73 Ha-Jo, DJ1ZB
> >
> >
> >"Walter Blanchard" <blanch@pncl.co.uk> schrieb:
> > > DK8ND's email raises an interesting point. Can any of our German
friends
> >tell me why an impedance of 60 ohms was popular in Germany for some time
> >but
> >not anywhere else?
> > >
> > > Walter G3JKV.
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > ---
> > >
> > > Checked by AVG anti-virus system (http://www.grisoft.com).
> > > Version: 6.0.525 / Virus Database: 322 - Release Date: 09/10/03
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
>
> _________________________________________________________________
> Is your computer infected with a virus?  Find out with a FREE computer
virus
> scan from McAfee.  Take the FreeScan now!
> http://clinic.mcafee.com/clinic/ibuy/campaign.asp?cid=3963
>
>
>




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From: "Dave Pick" <g3yxm@wireless.org.uk>
To: "LF Group" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
References: <639D20177889D41198A600508BAD3CA10864149F@capella3.oss.akzonobel.nl>
Date: Sun, 30 Nov 2003 16:10:04 -0000
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Yes indeed, I second that!

It is available for download at http://www.wireless.org.uk/software.htm as a
mirror

73
Dave G3YXM.


> Thanks Rik,
>
> Wil PA0BWL
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Rik Strobbe [mailto:rik.strobbe@fys.kuleuven.ac.be]
> Sent: vrijdag 28 november 2003 11:40
> To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
> Cc: ik1zyw@yahoo.com; aflowers@frontiernet.net; johan_smet@pandora.be
> Subject: LF: new version of QRS
>
>
> I just released version 4.02 of QRS.
> New features /changes:
> ***** Changes from version 4.01 to 4.02 (November 2003) *****
> 1. Message size increased for 70 chararcters to 250 characters (suggestion
> of ON5EX)
> 2. Soundcard can be used for DFCW tones and CW sidetone (suggestion of
K0SM)
> 3. AutoStart feature allows automatic and unattended beacon mode
> (suggestion of IK1ZYW)
> 4. Some minor cosmetics
>
> QRS v4.02 can be downloaded from my website http://www.qsl.net/on7yd/
> (click on software) or direct http://www.qsl.net/on7yd/zip/qrs402.zip
> Those who have a copy of QRS available for download on their websites are
> invited to copy the new version from the above site and make it available
> on their sites.
>
> 73, Rik  ON7YD
>
> --------------------------------------------------------------------
> This message, including attached files, may contain confidential
> information and is intended only for the use by the individual
> and/or the entity to which it is addressed. Any unauthorized use,
> dissemination of, or copying of the information contained herein is
> not allowed and may lead to irreparable harm and damage for which
> you may be held liable. If you receive this message in error or if
> it is intended for someone else please notify the sender by
> returning this e-mail immediately and delete the message.
> --------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Dave Pick" <g3yxm@wireless.org.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <006b01c3b46b$719d7230$0300a8c0@bikerz.local>
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Martyn.

Could it be one of those water softener things that are supposed to achieve
results by some magical means and consist of a box of electronics and some
wires which get wrapped around the incoming water pipe?
The other thing I have heard of is central heating oil-tank level sensors.
Try a loop aerial and see if you can DF it. It will hopefully come from a
point source so you should be able to use a noise canceller but it's
difficult to erect a big enough noise aerial for LF.
Is it audible on medium or long wave BC bands? If so you could take a walk
with your trusty transistor radio and see if you can track it down.

That's my tuppenceworth...

73
Dave
G3YXM

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Martyn" <martyn@czd.org.uk>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Wednesday, November 26, 2003 10:20 PM
Subject: LF: Newbie question


> Hi folks,
>
> I have been monitoring 137 for a couple of weeks now, but for the last
week
> or so I have been getting this consistent 1 second broadband (from about
> 133khz to about 139khz pulse. see attached jpg. Is this typical? or better
> still can anyone suggest what it  might be please? DCF39 is clear on the
> trace and very strong.. Even better, can I get rid of it. The next step is
> probably a noise canceller but I'm not sure how effective this will be on
a
> broadband noise pulse
>
> Ant is a dual vertical wire to approx 10m high with a pair of 18m
horizontal
> Capacity wires seperated by abt 800mm in an offset 'T' formation. Looding
> coil is about 5mH. Rx pre-amplifier is the Mk1 G0MRF kit feeding my FT-920
> HF rig.
>
> Thanks
>
> Martyn
>
> ----------------------------------------
> Martyn Kinder G0CZD
>
> mailto:martyn@czd.org.uk
>
> http://www.czd.org.uk
>





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To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <000701c3a940$8fd04ce0$5de486d4@erica> <000801c3a9d0$3b94b900$631686d4@erica> <000701c3acf7$04109100$88c828c3@erica>
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Peter.

I've seen that one. DX I think because it fades up at particular times in
the small hours..

Dave G3YXM


----- Original Message ----- 
From: "g3ldo" <g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Monday, November 17, 2003 10:37 AM
Subject: LF: LF. UI signals


> Hello LF Group,
> Anyone know the origin of the signal in the attached picture?
> Argo set for QRSS30 slow speed. QSB on signal - it had dissapeared in the
> next frame and returned in the following. The regular QSY up and down of
> .5Hz is strange.
>
> Regards,
> Peter, G3LDO
>
> e-mail <g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk>
>
>
>





From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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On 26 Nov 2003 at 22:20, Martyn wrote:
 
> I have been monitoring 137 for a couple of weeks now, but for the last
> week or so I have been getting this consistent 1 second broadband
> (from about 133khz to about 139khz pulse. see attached jpg. Is this
> typical? or better still can anyone suggest what it  might be please?

My gut feeling is that this is radiation from a neighbouring TV (or 
even your own??). A growing problem which has restricted my operation 
on 136 for some time. Does it only appear during 'tv listening hours' 
or all the time, bearing in mind that some sets generate the QRM even 
in standby? Have you noticed a neighbour taking delivery of a new set 
recently?

I did start a page on my website sometime ago for listing rogue sets, 
but have had virtually no input for it - see 
http://www.btinternet.com/~dsergeant/tvqrm.htm.

73 Dave G3YMC

dsergeant@btinternet.com
http://www.btinternet.com/~dsergeant




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From: "Dave Sergeant" <dsergeant@btinternet.com>
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On 24 Nov 2003 at 7:17, Stewart Nelson wrote:

> Dick's post, made with Eudora, contained this HTML fragment:
> 
> The correct formula is:<br><br>
> P = 0.0111(E *d)</font><font size=1><sup>2</sup></font><font size=3>
> in which ...
> 
> Depending on your mail reader and/or browser, the superscript 2 may
> not have displayed correctly.
> 
> The correct formula is: P = 0.0111 * (E * d) ** 2
> or P equals 0.0111 times ((E times d) squared)

And remember that many of us choose to display only the plain text 
version of HTML mails. There are no superscripts in good old plain 
text!

I see if I select the HTML view in Pegasus it displays a small 2 but 
not as a superscript.

I guess this is what you call WYSINWYG (inverse of WYSIWYG)!

73 Dave G3YMC

dsergeant@btinternet.com
http://www.btinternet.com/~dsergeant




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I guess Mal wasn't responsible for the QRaM in the Scarborough area, 
I just worked him from the Argarve on 18MHz..

Mal says he has no LF gear down there this time but may do on his 
next trip. He has plenty of room for antennas, and is at present 
using a 80m doublet on all the HF bands.

73 Dave G3YMC

dsergeant@btinternet.com
http://www.btinternet.com/~dsergeant




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<DIV><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3>Hi LFers</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3>With the recent demise of the 73khz 
band, the Crawley Amateur Radio Club&nbsp;are disposing of their 1Kw ex-Decca 
transmitter&nbsp;previously modified for 73Khz operation&nbsp;making it 
available&nbsp;now&nbsp;for 136Khz use after re-tuning.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3>&nbsp;The TX has a good pedigree having 
being previously loaned out to encourage&nbsp;operation on the 73Khz band and 
was&nbsp;used&nbsp;by Peter G3LDO and Laurie G3AQC&nbsp;during the early 
transatlantic tests and later by me in the two-way long distance QSO from 
Porthcurno in Cornwall&nbsp;up to David GM0MRF at the QTH of Simon GM4PLM in 
Cumnock, Scotland.&nbsp;&nbsp;  </FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3>For 
those who are not familiar with the TX, it is electically very robust and has 3 
PA modules operating in parallel each module having 4 power MOFETS in a bridge 
configuration operating nominally at +65V DC external </FONT><FONT 
face="Times New Roman" size=3>supply input and is fully metered. It is a 19-inch 
rack mounted type unit 10.5" high and 19" deep. It will run a conservativly 
rated 1Kw RF output.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3>&nbsp;The Club are now inviting offers 
for the TX towards club funds. They would refer that any buyer&nbsp;collects but 
if need be, they could arrange shipment at cost. Circuit info etc. is 
available.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3>Contact me at : <A 
href="mailto:datter@btinternet.com">datter@btinternet.com</A> if interested in 
making an offer. The offer will be open until 30th November 03</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Vy 73, Derek Atter, G3GRO, Crawley 
</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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WarmSpgs@aol.com wrote:

> > When in USA have permitted beacons 1w and a 15 meter antenna under FCC
> >  part 15 (160-190kHz)?
>
> This happened about 50 years ago, although I do not remember the precise year.
>
> John

I still have the oscillator section of my first LF xmitter.  It's an International
Crystal OX-1 board with a 189 kc xtal.  I built the xmitter about 1965 after
reading a an article in an electronics magazine about the Part 15 rules.  A
schematic was included using what I believe was a 6AQ5 for the power amp.  So I'm
fairly sure the Part 15 rules for the 160-190 kc band was made prior to 1965.

Dexter





From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Date: Tue, 25 Nov 2003 11:29:32 +0100
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
From: "Dick Rollema" <d.w.rollema@freeler.nl>
In-reply-to: <014401c3b29e$1babb2c0$15309bd2@vaiosn>
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Subject: Re: LF: PA0SE Field Strength Meter for 137 kHz
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<html>
<font size=3><b>To All from PA0SE,<br><br>
Many thanks to Stewart and several others who explained what went wrong
with my e-mail for some subscribers to the reflector.<br><br>
I emphasize that the formula can only be used within&nbsp; distances from
the transmitter where&nbsp; the field strength decreases&nbsp; in a
linear way with distance and attenuation due to absorption by the ground
can be neglected.&nbsp; &nbsp; <br><br>
73, Dick, PA0SE<br><br>
<br><br>
</b>At 07:17 24-11-03 -0800, you wrote:<br>
<blockquote type=cite class=cite cite>Hi Eric and all,<br><br>
Dick's post, made with Eudora, contained this HTML fragment:<br><br>
The correct formula is:&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br>
P = 0.0111(E *d)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font
size=1&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=3&gt; in
which<br>
...<br><br>
Depending on your mail reader and/or browser, the superscript 2 may
not<br>
have displayed correctly.<br><br>
The correct formula is: P = 0.0111 * (E * d) ** 2<br>
or P equals 0.0111 times ((E times d) squared)<br><br>
Hope this is clear.<br><br>
73,<br><br>
Stewart<br><br>
----- Original Message -----<br>
From: &quot;Eric KD5UWL&quot; &lt;eric@willow.nutstreet.net&gt;<br>
To: &quot;LF-Group&quot; &lt;rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org&gt;<br>
Sent: Monday, November 24, 2003 6:44 AM<br>
Subject: Re: LF: PA0SE Field Srength Meter for 137 kHz<br><br>
<br>
&gt; On Mon, 24 Nov 2003, Dick Rollema wrote:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; &gt; produces a certain field strength is wrongly given as<br>
&gt; &gt; P = 0.0111(E * d)2.<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt; The correct formula is:<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt; P = 0.0111(E *d)2 in which:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; Hi, Dick,<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; Sorry -- I don't see the difference.&nbsp; Did you include the wrong
one?<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; 73<br>
&gt; Eric<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;</font></blockquote></html>

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From: "Dick Rollema" <d.w.rollema@freeler.nl>
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Subject: LF: PA0SE Field Srength Meter for 137 kHz
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<html>
<b>To All from PA0SE<br><br>
<font size=3>A description of my <i>Field Strength Meter for 136 kHz</i>
can be found on several web sites.<br><br>
I just found out that on some web sites the formula for the power that produces a certain field strength is wrongly given as <br>
P = 0.0111(E * d)2.<br><br>
The correct formula is:<br><br>
P = 0.0111(E *d)</font><font size=1><sup>2</sup></font><font size=3> in which:<br><br>
P in watt<br>
E in mV/m<br>
D in kilometre<br>
* means multiplication<br><br>
Dick Rollema, PA0SE<br>
</font></b></html>

From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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To: "LF-Group" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
From: "Dick Rollema" <d.w.rollema@freeler.nl>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Subject: LF: 160m band
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<html>
<font size=3><b>Many thanks to G3PAI, G3GVB, M0BMU, LA8AK and PA0KDM (via
direct e-mail) for their info on the regulations for top band. I now have
sufficient info for my article in <i>Electron</i>.<br><br>
The current regulations in the Netherlands are:<br><br>
1810 - 1850kHz; primary status<br>
1850 - 1880kHz; secondary status<br>
Transmitter output power 400W PEP<br><br>
73, Dick, PA0SE (licensed May 1951)</font></b></html>

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From: "Dick Rollema" <d.w.rollema@freeler.nl>
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<html>
<b>To All from PA0SE,<br><br>
Sorry&nbsp; to use&nbsp; the reflector for a non-lf topic but in this way
I can reach many amateurs in the UK that can possibly help me with some
info I require.<br><br>
I am presently writing an article on the 160m band for our VERON magazine
<i>Electron</i>.&nbsp; This band is not as popular here as it was and
still is in the UK. The reason is no doubt that only in 1962 we got a
small segment, 1825 - 1835kHz, with a maximum allowed power of 10
W.<br><br>
I found out that in the UK before World War II the band&nbsp; available
to amateurs was 1715 - 2000kHz.&nbsp; In 1953 this was changed to 1800 -
2000 kHz. <br><br>
My questions are:<br><br>
1. Were there any power restrictions in the past and present?<br><br>
2. Is the band still 1800 - 2000kHz?<br><br>
Any additional info of interest is also appreciated.<br><br>
There must be old timers around that&nbsp; can help me and I thank them
in advance.<br><br>
73, Dick, PA0SE</b></html>

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Subject: LF: Impedancebridge
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Gentlemen, you got the idea to get rid of  disturbing carriers:  the Siemens
Pegelmesser is BW 20 Hz and that will help.
If I got you right, these bridges do have an output for nulling with
external detector.
So let´s see where to get a bridge that fits.

tnx es vy de Peter, dj9dw.







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Hello LFers,
is the Gereral Radio 1656 covering our LF-Band?
Can it take 20dBm or a bit more? My friends in Mainflingen deliver -5 dBm
out of the umbrella here. So I have to run rather high levels for
measurement.
Are there alternative meters?
The modern antennaanalyzers as MJF or AEA quit in my qra.
tks 4 reply es 73 de Peter, dj9dw.







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Hi Ed,
no copy of ur beacon, cause SXV is
-60dBm on 135.92.  BW=200Hz.
good luck on RTTY es 73 dj9dw







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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><FONT  SIZE=2 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Tahoma" LANG="2">Hello Walter and group,<BR>
<BR>
&gt; DK8ND's email raises an interesting point. Can any of our German friends tell me why an impedance of 60 ohms was popular in Germany for some time but not anywhere else?<BR>
&lt;</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="2"><BR>
 I think 60 Ohms was once popular because it was one quarter of the once widely used symmectric 240 Ohm systems. Easy to build baluns from 240 to 60 Ohms. I remember our old tube-equipped TV had such a balun. <BR>
Next question.. why 240 Ohms for symmetric lines ? ..&nbsp; possibly because of the folded dipole.<BR>
<BR>
This may be only one -probably the wrong- explanation. Another may be the loss on a 60 Ohm cable at higher frequencies is a bit lower than in a 50 Ohm cable.<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
Regards,<BR>
 Wolf DL4YHF.<BR>
<BR>
</FONT></HTML>

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Hi LFers!

Saturday, November 29, 2003 G3NYK wrote:
...skip...
AM> Hopefully now the sudden solar "flare-up" seems to have died away, and
AM> geomagnetic activity has quietened, we might see conditions improve to the
AM> point of success with some at least of there routes. Joe has already worked
AM> Jim two-way.....and is visible almost regardless of the conditions, with a
AM> "window" of almost 12 hours now. Really good conditions could produce the
AM> first manual morse T/A qso !!

AM> Good Hunting !! ....its not illegal yet!!

There are no signals from Joe VO1NA and while bad propagation through auroral
oval from UA6 to NA, on 160m also.
I think that while large SFI(abt 170 now), but A index and K index very quite
good.
I shall expect good propagation to NA and then I shall go to Machta.
I believe that in some days there will be a good propagation in UA6

Is IK2DED's beacon again on 135.7 ?

73! Ed RU6LA  ed@dx.ru  http://136.73.ru



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2 all LFers!

When was open rsgb_lf_group list?
1997 or 98? What was date?

Who was moderator of lf_group then, also who is moderator now?
Whether there is at lf_group an archive of the messages?

When in USA have permitted beacons 1w and a 15 meter antenna under FCC
part 15 (160-190kHz)?

When VK Australia and ZL New Zeland have received LF (165-190kHz) band?

TNX for any info!

73! Ed RU6LA  ed@dx.ru  http://136.73.ru




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Hello LF_group!

1. RU6LA will be sending beacon transmissions on 7, 8, 9 and 10 Nov.
Freq abt 135.922, QRSS 60 "RU6LA"
I plan to start today at night(abt 22-23z Nov 7) and to finish on Monday
in the morning (abt 0430z Nov 10)
On KN97LN Sunset abt 1400z, Sunrise abt 0430z

In this weekend I shall work in WAEDC RTTY contest

2. I have updated pages on the site:
- LF's History http://136.73.ru/h_history/index.htm
- Best LF QSOs http://136.73.ru/h_qso/index.htm

The large TNX by all to me assisting!
Please check up and add/correct/delete data (date/call/QTH-loc/Eq...)
if you have exacter facts.
TNX for efforts!

I have found still information about TA QSO - David G4FTC :
http://www.qsl.net/g4ftc/136khz/home.htm

3. I have updated info in LF_HAM.ZIP also :
http://136.73.ru/files/lf_ham.zip

73! Ed RU6LA  ed@dx.ru  http://136.73.ru




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From: "Eric KD5UWL" <eric@willow.nutstreet.net>
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Antenna damage to corona.  Pictures soon.

Hope to have new antenna QRV before long ...

73
Eric




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From: "Eric KD5UWL" <eric@willow.nutstreet.net>
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Hi, Ed,

> When in USA have permitted beacons 1w and a 15 meter antenna under FCC
> part 15 (160-190kHz)?

This is the only one I can answer, and I don't even know the exact date -- 
many, many years.  But keep in mind that this is 1W INPUT, *not* ERP.  The 
part 15 rules are quite tough.  However, many LF beacon operators 
("LowFERs") operating in this range have had successes of close to 2000 
miles using weaksignal reception techniques (Argo, etc).

This is NOT the case for part 5 beacon operators who are allowed much more 
power....some are allowed up to 1W ERP or more, for example.

Hope this helps,
Eric




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Date: Mon, 24 Nov 2003 09:59:40 -0600 (CST)
From: "Eric KD5UWL" <eric@willow.nutstreet.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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Subject: Re: LF: PA0SE Field Srength Meter for 137 kHz
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Ahhh .. excellent.  Sorry -- I don't use html email clients for these 
reflectors and missed the distinction.  I did, however, read the )2 as ) 
** 2 or )^2 which is what was intended.  I just didn't see the difference 
in the two as written without the benefit of HTML.

Thanks for the clarification and sorry for the confusion,
Eric



On Mon, 24 Nov 2003, Stewart Nelson wrote:

> Hi Eric and all,
> 
> Dick's post, made with Eudora, contained this HTML fragment:
> 
> The correct formula is:<br><br>
> P = 0.0111(E *d)</font><font size=1><sup>2</sup></font><font size=3> in which
> ...
> 
> Depending on your mail reader and/or browser, the superscript 2 may not
> have displayed correctly.
> 
> The correct formula is: P = 0.0111 * (E * d) ** 2
> or P equals 0.0111 times ((E times d) squared)
> 
> Hope this is clear.
> 
> 73,
> 
> Stewart
> 
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Eric KD5UWL" <eric@willow.nutstreet.net>
> To: "LF-Group" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
> Sent: Monday, November 24, 2003 6:44 AM
> Subject: Re: LF: PA0SE Field Srength Meter for 137 kHz
> 
> 
> > On Mon, 24 Nov 2003, Dick Rollema wrote:
> >
> > > produces a certain field strength is wrongly given as
> > > P = 0.0111(E * d)2.
> > >
> > > The correct formula is:
> > >
> > > P = 0.0111(E *d)2 in which:
> >
> > Hi, Dick,
> >
> > Sorry -- I don't see the difference.  Did you include the wrong one?
> >
> > 73
> > Eric
> >
> >
> >
> 
> 




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From: "Eric KD5UWL" <eric@willow.nutstreet.net>
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On Mon, 24 Nov 2003, Dick Rollema wrote:

> produces a certain field strength is wrongly given as
> P = 0.0111(E * d)2.
> 
> The correct formula is:
> 
> P = 0.0111(E *d)2 in which:

Hi, Dick,

Sorry -- I don't see the difference.  Did you include the wrong one?

73
Eric




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Date: Fri, 21 Nov 2003 15:23:12 -0600 (CST)
From: "Eric KD5UWL" <eric@willow.nutstreet.net>
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> > it is 
> >  confirmed that it and me/Sheri are being moved close to the SE Kansas/NE 
> >  Oklahoma Border in January sometime.

> ...No mountains in the distance, no midnight sun, but once tornado 

Excuse me, but it's not so bad here.  There ARE mountains in the distance.  
They are just so far in the distance you can't see them :)

73
Eric
EM25




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Date: Fri, 14 Nov 2003 10:48:34 -0600 (CST)
From: "Eric KD5UWL" <eric@willow.nutstreet.net>
To: "LF-Group" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
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Hi all,

I'm new to the reflector -- Laurence KL1X told me about it.  I've a new 
2200m beacon on the air:  http://www.nutstreet.net/xfx/

73
Eric




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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><FONT  SIZE=2 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">In a message dated 11/19/03 9:40:15 PM GMT Standard Time, g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk writes:<BR>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE TYPE=CITE style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px">Can these machines tell the difference between a metal box of components,<BR>
such as a rig, ATU or PSU and a solid block of a CW key?<BR>
I was more concerned about weight (as the XYL seemed to want to pack her<BR>
entire wardrobe) so I used a lightweight CW paddle that was fixed to a<BR>
clipboard that contained all the amateur radio papers.<BR>
I put all my ham radio gear into a separate small case which I never saw<BR>
again until it reluctantly appeared at baggage reclaim. I carried my laptop<BR>
and antenna mast (fibre glass telescopic roach pole, used as a walking<BR>
stick) as hand luggage. I specifically asked that the laptop didn't go<BR>
through the xray machine so that was the only item that got looked at.<BR>
<BR>
Peter G3LDO<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE><BR>
<BR>
Hello Peter.<BR>
<BR>
I once travelled to Sri Lanka on the same flight as their Prime Minister. (Although he was at the front and I wasn't)<BR>
My luggage got a very thorough going over and I was called to security to explain the Image of an Ameritron valve linear. The security personel let me look at the monitor and asked for details. Any metal panels even 2 or 3mm thick were translucent and the electronics could be seen clearly inside the box. The problem seemed to be anything that appeared impervious to the low level X-rays employed in the machines. The solid base of my Bencher always gets the 'third degree' and on the Sri-Lanka flight the thick coils used in the tank coil were totally 'black'&nbsp; and caused concern. On a flight to Washington I took a Decca transmitter over to Andre N4ICK. Although it was too large to put on the little weighing machine at the Heathrow check in, the security check was brief as the detail of the decca construction could be seen quite clearly and they were happy.<BR>
<BR>
Next spring I'm off to operate 3B9C. Fortunately all the equipment is being shipped by sea months in advance. No tricky moments on that trip, either with security or trying stand upright trying to hold a 50lb piece of hand luggage as though it contains a pair of shorts and a bottle of suntan lotion!<BR>
<BR>
73<BR>
<BR>
David&nbsp;&nbsp; G0MRF </FONT></HTML>

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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><FONT  SIZE=2 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">In a message dated 11/18/03 8:02:22 PM GMT Standard Time, g3kev.ham@virgin.net writes:<BR>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE TYPE=CITE style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px">Airport security at LEEDS very thorough, when my equipment passed the xray machine all the lights and buzzers went off because of one dangerous looking item. I had to unpack one bag and the suspect item was my MORSE key. They had not encountered one of these devices before. One the way back at FARO airport the security xray light up just the same flashing lights etc but the man just waved me on, he obviously knows all about amateur radio and morse keys !!!!!!!!!!!!!</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
&nbsp;</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"> </FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">73 de Mal/G3KEV</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=3 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
&nbsp; <BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE><BR>
</FONT><FONT  COLOR="#000000" style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff" SIZE=2 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0"><BR>
Nice to work you on voice on 80m for the first time Mal.<BR>
<BR>
FB on the security.&nbsp; I find that the X-ray machines hate the solid metal base of some morse keys. Apparently the density of block of Semtex has a similar effect on the image displayed on the security monitors.<BR>
<BR>
73<BR>
<BR>
David</FONT></HTML>

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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><FONT  SIZE=2 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="0">In a message dated 11/7/03 12:42:28 PM GMT Standard Time, J.R.Moritz@herts.ac.uk writes:<BR>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE TYPE=CITE style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px"><BR>
The Vishay RCH50 50W film resistors sold by RS components are pretty<BR>
good value at about 2-3 pounds each, and work OK up to HF - but<BR>
obviously you need a hefty heatsink as well as the resistors. <BR>
<BR>
Cheers, Jim Moritz<BR>
73 de M0BMU<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE><BR>
<BR>
Hello Jim / Gary.<BR>
<BR>
As you say the wirewound types can give a very acceptable return loss at 136kHz and are much cheaper than a 'non inductive type' of similar power.<BR>
<BR>
I have also recently used two of the RCH50 type resistors ( but 100 Ohms) in a wilkinson combiner at&nbsp; 100MHz. - they worked just fine.<BR>
<BR>
73<BR>
<BR>
David&nbsp;&nbsp; G0MRF</FONT></HTML>

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Dave, G0MRF said:

>I find that the X-ray machines hate the solid metal base of some morse
keys.
>Apparently the density of block of Semtex has a similar effect on
>the image displayed on the security monitors.

Can these machines tell the difference between a metal box of components,
such as a rig, ATU or PSU and a solid block of a CW key?
I was more concerned about weight (as the XYL seemed to want to pack her
entire wardrobe) so I used a lightweight CW paddle that was fixed to a
clipboard that contained all the amateur radio papers.
I put all my ham radio gear into a separate small case which I never saw
again until it reluctantly appeared at baggage reclaim. I carried my laptop
and antenna mast (fibre glass telescopic roach pole, used as a walking
stick) as hand luggage. I specifically asked that the laptop didn't go
through the xray machine so that was the only item that got looked at.

Peter G3LDO




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Subject: LF: LF. UI signals
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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
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Hello LF Group,
Anyone know the origin of the signal in the attached picture?
Argo set for QRSS30 slow speed. QSB on signal - it had dissapeared in the
next frame and returned in the following. The regular QSY up and down of
.5Hz is strange.

Regards,
Peter, G3LDO

e-mail <g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk>



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--------------090407030102050209010801--

From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "g3ldo" <g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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Date: Thu, 13 Nov 2003 10:22:51 -0000
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> I am giving a chat on 73kHz and LF at the Worthing ARC tonight. I hope to
> try out a receiver with a short antenna and would appreciate any QRSS3
> beaconing from 2030UTC until 2130UTC around 137.400kHz or a CW CQ from a
> more local station(s) at around 2100UTC on say 136.6kHz.

The noise level at the club was horrendous; nevertheless received M0BMU.
Those who had not seen Argo in action were surprised to see the signal pop
up out of the noise.
Thanks Jim, and any one else who was transmitting.
Regards,
Peter, G3LDO

e-mail <g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk>






From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Hello Group,
I am giving a chat on 73kHz and LF at the Worthing ARC tonight. I hope to
try out a receiver with a short antenna and would appreciate any QRSS3
beaconing from 2030UTC until 2130UTC around 137.400kHz or a CW CQ from a
more local station(s) at around 2100UTC on say 136.6kHz.
Many thanks
Peter G3LDO




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "g3ldo" <g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <000001c39fd6$baebd020$fce8c593@rsch15> <000701c3a0c3$698fbb40$2a1686d4@erica>
Date: Sun, 2 Nov 2003 01:01:16 -0000
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Subject: LF: Re: Strange Signal 2
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Further to my earlier e-mail I have attached a pic of the signal at 0720
UTC. The signal is definitely not loran because it appears to have some sort
of modulation. At 0721 I switched off and went to breakfast.

Regards,
Peter, G3LDO

e-mail <g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk>



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From: "g3ldo" <g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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Date: Sat, 1 Nov 2003 21:58:29 -0000
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Subject: LF: Strange Signal
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Hello LF Group,
I have been sifting through the hundreds of images recorded on my laptop
during my stay in Marrakech.
I had Argo running on record all nights except 17th October (celibrating my
birthday with a bottle of wine and fell asleep!).
The only Amateur signal that I saw was G3AQC although on the night previous
I did record the attached image. There is no information on the signal that
I can detect. It was visible all night with QSB peaking in the image and
later at around 0700UTC. It has slight frequency variation and a sort of
scattering effect. It never apeared again during the two week period. Can
anyone guess what it is?
I wasn't able to record when I was not in the room earlier in the evening.
The reason was the hotel room door was opened with a magnetic strip card,
which was then plugged into a slot to switch the electricity on. I guess I
could have asked for an additional card but as the hotel management had
already responded to my request for a room near the roof and had supplied a
couple of maintenance guys to help me rig the antenna I felt it was a bit
churlish to ask for more.

Regards,
Peter, G3LDO

e-mail <g3ldo@ukonline.co.uk>



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From: "Gary - G4WGT" <g4wgt@talkgas.net>
To: "Rsgb_Lf_Group" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Date: Wed, 5 Nov 2003 20:29:42 -0000
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Hi all at LF,

Still got problems with antenna, SWR looks OK on meter & changes when I tune
variometer coil but PA mosfets get very hot but only warm on dummy load,
also I have no antenna current (was showing 1.2 to 1.5 amps during ealier
testing)but lots of RF at top of coil (got a little RF burn when  my finger
got too close), so still some work on antenna required !

Having replaced suspect capacitors with higher spec components the G0MRF Tx
now producing 300 watts into dummy load.

Whilst on the subject of dummy loads, are Metal Oxide resistors suitable for
dummy loads ? because much higher ratings (5 watts) are available for same
physical size as the 2 watt carbon film resistors in my home brew dummy
load.

73

Gary - G4WGT


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From: "Gary - G4WGT" <g4wgt@talkgas.net>
To: "Rsgb_Lf_Group" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Date: Mon, 3 Nov 2003 20:45:56 -0000
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Hello to all at LF,

Had to abandon testing last night due to antenna fault. I think I have found
the problem (connector s/c) but I am only giving short duration tests
tonight, I will possibly resume full testing tomorrow night (tusday 4th Nov)
from about 2100 utc.

73

Gary - G4WGT
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From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Gary - G4WGT" <g4wgt@talkgas.net>
To: "Rsgb_Lf_Group" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Date: Sun, 2 Nov 2003 21:23:19 -0000
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Hi to all at LF again,

Sorry, I did not include a frequency for my test transmission, it will be on
or near 137,650 Khz.

73

Gary - G4WGT
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From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Gary - G4WGT" <g4wgt@talkgas.net>
To: "Rsgb_Lf_Group" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Date: Sun, 2 Nov 2003 20:59:15 -0000
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Hi to all at LF,

Power supply upgrade completed (as previously reported), replaced PA MOSFETS
distroyed during bench testing, also replaced damaged RF ground return cap
(output transformer centre tap), found high level of RF on supply lines from
PSU at high RF power output, added some extra decoupling on supply line
input to Tx to resolve.

Now to resume on air testing, starting tonight (2nd November 2003 from about
2100 utc). The new power level on lowest setting is now same as highest when
using previous power supply (130 watts), not going up to high power until I
have upgraded spike protection components, I should then be able to achieve
300 watts.

The test transmission text will indicate power level as shown :-

Call sign ID at 6 wpm followed by QRSS3 text

TEST 130W G4WGT

73

Gary - G4WGT




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "hamilton mal" <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <E1AO31a-0006Ya-Te@post.thorcom.com> <001201c3b219$9bce9740$0100000a@ct1eeb>
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----- Original Message -----
From: "Jose E. Ribeiro Sa" <ct1eeb@mail.telepac.pt>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Sunday, November 23, 2003 11:29 PM
Subject: LF: Re: R: CT1/G3KEV


> Iam glad you enjoyed my country so much Mal.
>
> I guess you haven't forgot to ask ANACOM
> (our licensing authority) for the special permits
> authorizing you for the use of 6m., right ?
> Don't forget 137 Khz are also authorized under
> a special permit.
> By the way this 2 bands are not allowed and included
> in the CEPT agreement, so, you cannot TX in Portugal
> in 137 Khz and 50 Mhz using the CEPT License, but,
> I'm sure you hold a permanent (resident) license.
>
> I hold a 137 Khz special permit valid until 2005 and it says
> 135.7 to 137.8 Khz with a max ERP of 1 Watt.
> Yes, you read it well 1 WATT only.
> Hope they will allow you more when you ask for your permit during
> your next visit to the Algarve.
>
> See you in the LF.
>
> Jose  CT1EEB
> VK8CS, former 4W6EB
> http://www.qsl.net/ct1eeb
Hello Jose
Nice to hear from you. Tnx for the info. I made arrangements on previous
visits for all the permitted bands in Portugal.
I will be struggling with my portable LF equipment to generate 1W erp maybe
0.5W if I am lucky hi
The Algarve is a wonderful place and I will be going again plus some time
around Lisboa.
73 de Mal/G3KEV

>
> Da: hamilton mal <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
> A: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
> Oggetto: LF: CT1/G3KEV
> Data: martedì 18 novembre 2003 18.14
>










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From: "hamilton mal" <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hi All</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>In reply to some observations about my recent 
CT/G3KEV message.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>The EL morse key has a solid metal base to keep it 
from shifting about when keying. It and the transceiver were carried in my hand 
cabin baggage. The bag was carefully packed to avoid damage but I had to empty 
and repack it at security. The carbon fibre 10 metre retractable mast went 
through the FRAGILE items desk from LEEDS but on the return journey I decided to 
carry it as cabin baggage from FARO but when boarding the aircraft a member of 
staff took it and put it in the hold as a fragile item. The walking stick 
approach did not work for me, I forgot to limp and looked too young anyway 
&nbsp;!!!!!!!!!!!</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>There seems to be a lof of variations in procedures 
at airports. All the personal luggage and radio equipment got there and back 
without damage so I cannot complain,&nbsp; in fact the whole operation was very 
efficient and no delays.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73 de Mal/G3KEV</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hi All</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I have just returned from CT1/Algarve and had a 
great time dxing from there. CT1 is fairly rare, the radio amateur population is 
low compared to most other EU countries. I did work three LF operators on the 
higher frequencies OK1DTN, G0MRF and G3YMC and several hundred others&nbsp;world 
wide on various bands from 160 to 6 metres.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>The 6 metre band was interesting from the south 
coast of Portugal. I worked a number of ZS6 stations, V51E, TR8CA and RW1AY/MM 
in the South Atlantic off the West African coast. I did hear the UK beacon 
GB3MCB but no UK stations.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I took all the necessary radio equipment and 
antennas with me. The portable station consisted of an ICOM 706 and a small 25A 
smpsu. The Antenna was an 80 metre doublet up at a height of about&nbsp;18 
metres&nbsp;and a suitable ATU to match the antenna on all bands to the 
transceiver.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Everything worked well without snags. At 
my&nbsp;CT1 qth there was plenty of room for antennas for the LF bands even 137 
khz and next time I might try it. I have arranged an even better qth next time 
with a villa and 20 acres of vineyard for antennas plus the swimming pool for a 
good earth. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>No one around my qth seemed bothered by 
my&nbsp;antenna mast and antennas. Most of the Algarve is covered by large 1- 2 
metre satellite dishes and other large poles with TV antennas attached. Antennas 
of all varities are the norm there and the odd radio amateur mast and antennas 
just blends in hi . A big difference from the UK where some Councils insist on 
planning consent for small dishes that you could hardly see and a pole higher 
than the normal washing line is prohibited!!!!!!!</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>It could be time to&nbsp;move South West to a villa 
with swimming pool, vineyard and&nbsp;no planning needed for masts and antennas 
all at affordable prices, plus good food, good beer and&nbsp;brandy and 
&nbsp;GOOD SERVICE at the right price. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Airport security at LEEDS very thorough, when my 
equipment passed the xray machine all the lights and buzzers went off because of 
one dangerous looking item. I had to unpack one bag and the suspect item was my 
MORSE key. They had not encountered one of these devices before. One the way 
back at FARO airport the security xray light up just the same flashing lights 
etc but the man just waved me on, he obviously knows all about amateur radio and 
morse keys !!!!!!!!!!!!!</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73 de Mal/G3KEV</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

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<html><style>p {margin: 0px}</style><body style='font-size:9pt; font-family:Verdana; font-family: Verdana' ><P>&nbsp;</P><P><FONT size=3>Dear Lowfers,</FONT></P><P><FONT size=3>the reason for a characteristic resistance of coaxial cables&nbsp; is based on material constants and by finding a <EM>minimum</EM> of the <STRONG>maximum field strenth</STRONG> in the cable.&nbsp; This is true as well for high frequency cables and high voltage cables for energy transport. The maximum field strength is just on the surface of the inner conductor.&nbsp; Material constants are the conductivity of the copper&nbsp;or silver&nbsp;for the inner conductor and the outer shield. As well as the dielectic losses of the insulation (leakage and polarisation losses). In United States an optimum of about 50 Ohm was calculated in the forties, and kept on in transmitting equipment.&nbsp; In the sixties 60 Ohm was the resistance for a minimum of losses, in cable broadcast nets in the eigties 75 Ohm is a!

 n optimum. </FONT></P><P><FONT size=3>55, Hans-Albrecht</FONT></P><P><FONT size=3>DK 8 ND</FONT></P><P><FONT size=3></FONT>&nbsp;</P><P><FONT size=3></FONT>&nbsp;</P><P>may rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org schrieb am 12.11.03 01:18:51:<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; Dear all,<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; around 1959, when I joined Rohde&amp;Schwarz in Munich, 60 ohms has been the standard cable impedance in Germany for all broadcast and television transmitters in the fifties and for other commercial RF equipment. Cage and other transmitting antennas were also designed for 60 ohms. I have also built my first amateur radio dummy load for 60 ohms. <BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; I do not know exactly the reason for 60 ohms, somebody has told me that this impedance has been a compromise between 50 ohms and 75 ohms, (perhaps following the idea that 75 ohms allows the production of cables with minimum losses whilst 50 ohms would allow to send higher power through a coaxial cable). <BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; On the other hand 75 ohm
!
 s has been used and is still in use for video equipment in TV transmit
ters and studio equipment; higher video voltages needed for TV modulator stages have often been terminated with 150 ohms to save power, generating double the voltage with the same current. <BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; But in the sixties a change to 50 ohms impedance for RF equipment became standard also in Germany, there was a need to match to the international market standards.<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; Concerning receiving antennas, the first VHF FM and TV antennas in the early fifties in Germany were folded dipoles with a 300 ohms symmetrical cable feed. But soon the folded dipole with reflector (and some directors) became popular, using 240 ohms symmetrical cable for about two decades (thus confirming Wolf's [DL4YHF] contribution), TV distribution systems in houses used 60 ohms with a 4:1 balun to connect the antennas (for the TV receivers with 240 ohms symmetrical input another 1:4 balun was needed to connect them to the 60 ohms house system). Later on TV receivers and TV receiving antenna
!
 s were changed to 75 Ohms coaxial, CATV systems used 75 ohms from the beginning, the CATV start in Germany has been rather late, about 1984.<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; By the way, a lot of russian Surplus HF equipment which became available in Germany after the breakdown of the iron curtain, even automatic antenna tuners, were designed for 75 ohms impedance. <BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; 73 Ha-Jo, DJ1ZB <BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; "Walter Blanchard" &lt;blanch@pncl.co.uk&gt; schrieb:<BR>&gt; &gt; DK8ND's email raises an interesting point. Can any of our German friends tell me why an impedance of 60 ohms was popular in Germany for some time but not anywhere else?<BR>&gt; &gt; <BR>&gt; &gt; Walter G3JKV.<BR>&gt; &gt; <BR>&gt; &gt; <BR>&gt; &gt; <BR>&gt; &gt; <BR>&gt; &gt; ---<BR>&gt; &gt; <BR>&gt; &gt; Checked by AVG anti-virus system (http://www.grisoft.com).<BR>&gt; &gt; Version: 6.0.525 / Virus Database: 322 - Release Date: 09/10/03<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; <BR><BR></P></body></html>
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<html><base href="https://freemail.web.de/"/><style>p {margin: 0px}</style><body style='font-size:9pt; font-family:Verdana; font-family: Verdana' ><P><FONT face=Arial size=5>Dear Lowfers,</FONT></P><P><FONT face=Arial size=5>for my experiments I use commercial dummy loads, like my Rohde &amp; Schwarz RD1/60, oil filled, 1 kW /60 Ohm with monitor output attenuation of about 40 dB with Dezifix-connectors (the sexless Bajonnet ones ...). A dry portable 150 W-Version I have too. </FONT></P><P><FONT face=Arial size=5>I definitely do not recommend homebrew constructions at these high power ratings. The danger of fire is to big, and resistors of adequate power rating are expensive too.&nbsp; I bought&nbsp; my collecton of attenuators at Ham Radio fair at modest prizes.&nbsp; 60 Ohm&nbsp;equipment &nbsp;is not what hams like, but Power error is minimal when the attenuator output is terminated by a 50 Ohm-Power-Meter, or is not terminated at all (after an attenuation of 30ddbB or more
).</FONT></P><P><FONT face=Arial size=5>An other&nbsp;possible equipment is the noisy test load&nbsp; KAM, "Kunstantenne mit Meßausgang" from late German <FONT size=3>Democratic</FONT> Republic, designed for the transmitter KSG1300. </FONT></P><P><FONT face=Arial size=5>55, Hans-Albrecht</FONT></P><P><FONT face=Arial size=5>DK 8 ND</FONT></P><P><FONT face=Arial size=5>&nbsp;</FONT></P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>&nbsp;</P><P>rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org schrieb am 08.11.03 18:52:32:<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; With all the comments on Loads,,, put them in a container and add mineral<BR>&gt; oil<BR>&gt; would really boost their rating ,, just allow for some venting<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; Bob K3DJC<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; On Sat, 8 Nov 2003 01:23:05 +0100 0482183881-0001@t-online.de (jannsen)<BR>&gt; writes:<BR>&gt; &gt; James Moritz schrieb:<BR>&gt; &gt; <BR>&gt; &gt; ...............<BR>&gt; &gt; <BR>&gt; &gt; &gt; Several people have resorted to electric heating elements like<BR>&gt; &gt; &gt; toasters
 and fan heaters to make satisfactory LF dummy loads.<BR>&gt; &gt; <BR>&gt; &gt; Hi Jim es all,<BR>&gt; &gt; <BR>&gt; &gt; here are two dummy loads in use; one is a bulb 110V/DC500W, Z 35 Ohm <BR>&gt; &gt; on 136kHz <BR>&gt; &gt; (bridge measurement) and the other is made of four hollow ceramic <BR>&gt; &gt; resistors <BR>&gt; &gt; 200 Ohm/60W each, makes 200W only. but blowing air through the <BR>&gt; &gt; resistors<BR>&gt; &gt; (see attachment) makes a lukewarm 300W dummy on 136kHz (0,4uH only). <BR>&gt; &gt; <BR>&gt; &gt; I tried 800W. A peace of paper above the dummy caught fire within 10 <BR>&gt; &gt; sec.<BR>&gt; &gt; <BR>&gt; &gt; regards<BR>&gt; &gt; Uwe/dj8wx<BR>&gt; &gt; <BR>&gt; &gt; <BR>&gt; &gt; <BR>&gt; <BR><BR></P></body></html>
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Dear all,

around 1959, when I joined Rohde&Schwarz in Munich, 60 ohms has been the standard cable impedance in Germany for all broadcast and television transmitters in the fifties and for other commercial RF equipment. Cage and other transmitting antennas were also designed for 60 ohms. I have also built my first amateur radio dummy load for 60 ohms. 

I do not know exactly the reason for 60 ohms, somebody has told me that this impedance has been a compromise between 50 ohms and 75 ohms, (perhaps following the idea that 75 ohms allows the production of cables with minimum losses whilst 50 ohms would allow to send higher power through a coaxial cable). 
 
On the other hand 75 ohms has been used and is still in use for video equipment in TV  transmitters and studio equipment; higher video voltages needed for TV modulator stages have often been terminated with 150 ohms to save power, generating double the voltage with the same current. 

But in the sixties a change to 50 ohms impedance for RF equipment became standard also in Germany, there was a need to match to the international market standards.

Concerning receiving antennas, the first VHF FM and TV antennas in the early fifties in Germany were folded dipoles with a 300 ohms symmetrical cable feed. But soon the folded dipole with reflector (and some directors) became popular, using 240 ohms symmetrical cable for about two decades (thus confirming Wolf's [DL4YHF] contribution), TV distribution systems in houses used 60 ohms with a 4:1 balun to connect the antennas (for the TV receivers with 240 ohms symmetrical input another 1:4 balun was needed to connect them to the 60 ohms house system). Later on TV receivers and TV receiving antennas were changed to 75 Ohms coaxial, CATV systems used 75 ohms from the beginning, the CATV start in Germany has been rather late, about 1984.

By the way, a lot of russian Surplus HF equipment which became available in Germany after the breakdown of the iron curtain, even automatic antenna tuners, were designed for 75 ohms impedance. 

73 Ha-Jo, DJ1ZB 


"Walter Blanchard" <blanch@pncl.co.uk> schrieb:
> DK8ND's email raises an interesting point. Can any of our German friends tell me why an impedance of 60 ohms was popular in Germany for some time but not anywhere else?
> 
> Walter G3JKV.
> 
> 
> 
> 
> ---
> 
> Checked by AVG anti-virus system (http://www.grisoft.com).
> Version: 6.0.525 / Virus Database: 322 - Release Date: 09/10/03





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Subject: LF: Re: Dummy loads for LF
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Dear all,

for the time being I am using a dummy load made of ten low inductivity DALE resistors Type NH-50, 499 ohms each, in parallel on a large aluminum cooler (the fins of which could even be immersed into water when necessary), which could be used up to 30 MHz with a coil/capacitor matching arrangement at the input resulting in an VSWR of about 1,2. The matching arrangement has been designed about ten years ago in my qrl by measuring R and X of the parallel resistor arrangement over the frequency range and trying to find a suitable match by employing the old Supercompact software or the ARRL Radio Designer.

Therefore I guess (I have not tried it yet, no need to do so) for such a small band like 136 kHz it should be possible to build a dummy load using ordinary wirewound resistors (preferably DALE or similars because of their easy mounting on a cooler surface) because their inductance could be cancelled by a suitable capacitance in parallel, or by several distributed capacitors within the parallel resistor arrangement. It should be rather simple to determine the capacitance needed, a VSWR meter designed for LF should do it. 

HW?


73 Ha-Jo, DJ1ZB


"James Moritz" <J.R.Moritz@herts.ac.uk> schrieb:
> 
> Whilst on the subject of dummy loads, are Metal Oxide resistors suitable
> for
> dummy loads ? because much higher ratings (5 watts) are available for
> same
> physical size as the 2 watt carbon film resistors in my home brew dummy
> load.
> 
> 73
> 
> Gary - G4WGT
> 
> 
> Dear Gary, LF Group,
> 
> The metal oxide types would be fine, as are metal film, etc. In fact,
> even some types of wirewound resistors are reasonably non-reactive at
> 136kHz. Several people have resorted to electric heating elements like
> toasters and fan heaters to make satisfactory LF dummy loads. But
> obviously, it is a safer bet to stick to known low inductance types like
> carbon, metal oxide and metal film unless you have the equipment to
> evaluate the actual RF impedance.
> 
> The Vishay RCH50 50W film resistors sold by RS components are pretty
> good value at about 2-3 pounds each, and work OK up to HF - but
> obviously you need a hefty heatsink as well as the resistors. 
> 
> Cheers, Jim Moritz
> 73 de M0BMU
> 
> 
> 





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From: "Hugh" <m0wye@thersgb.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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Subject: LF: Re: RE: On Air Testing
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Hi Gary,
Jim beat me to it, I was going to suggest using the Vishay film resistors.
Photo attached of a dummy load I made using two 100 ohm RCH50 resistors in
parallel.
I think I got them from Farnell.
It seems to work fine on all HF bands and will take 100W for longer than
I've ever tried it !
The heatsink was bought cheaply at a radio rally.
73
Hugh
----- Original Message -----
From: James Moritz <J.R.Moritz@herts.ac.uk>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Friday, November 07, 2003 12:27 PM
Subject: LF: RE: On Air Testing


>
> Whilst on the subject of dummy loads, are Metal Oxide resistors suitable
> for
> dummy loads ? because much higher ratings (5 watts) are available for
> same
> physical size as the 2 watt carbon film resistors in my home brew dummy
> load.
>
> 73
>
> Gary - G4WGT
>
>
> Dear Gary, LF Group,
>
> The metal oxide types would be fine, as are metal film, etc. In fact,
> even some types of wirewound resistors are reasonably non-reactive at
> 136kHz. Several people have resorted to electric heating elements like
> toasters and fan heaters to make satisfactory LF dummy loads. But
> obviously, it is a safer bet to stick to known low inductance types like
> carbon, metal oxide and metal film unless you have the equipment to
> evaluate the actual RF impedance.
>
> The Vishay RCH50 50W film resistors sold by RS components are pretty
> good value at about 2-3 pounds each, and work OK up to HF - but
> obviously you need a hefty heatsink as well as the resistors.
>
> Cheers, Jim Moritz
> 73 de M0BMU
>
>
>

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--------------000904060309010904040200--

From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Ian Kyle" <ianj.kyle@virgin.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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Now back monitoring 136 again, and also building a new TX. So far (last
three nights) nothing seen T/A but have been fiddling around with settings
so not sure that things are properly set up.
Will post when I have something definite.

73,

Ian GI8AYZ/MI0AYZ




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "James Moritz" <james.moritz@btopenworld.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <2D280BB697C7EE4C979C5C89925418EF0181DBEA@TNS-FBU-2E-003.corp.telenor.no>
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Subject: LF: Re: Tuning LF inductors and inexpensive 10000pF variable capacitors
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" http-equiv=Content-Type>
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=4>Dear Jan-Martin, LF Group,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=4><SPAN 
class=999021512-24112003>&gt;somewhat puzzled that it hasn't been any 
discussions about the technique </SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=4><SPAN 
class=999021512-24112003>&gt;mentioned by G3VA Pat in last Radcom 
(11/2003).</SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial><SPAN 
class=999021512-24112003></SPAN></FONT></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial><FONT face=Arial size=4><SPAN class=999021512-24112003>The 
idea of using the drain-gate capacitance of biased-off power MOSFETs as high 
power varactors is interesting. I attended the conference at University of Bath 
where the paper mentioned in Technical Topics was presented, and WA1WLW's talk 
was very good. (There seemed to be a lot of amateurs&nbsp;about - a&nbsp;number 
of other subscribers to this reflector were there; I presented a paper about LF 
antenna measurements). The Q of these MOSFET-varactors was about 30-100 at HF. 
In the&nbsp;paper, they were used as tunable elements in a HF PA matching 
network with a fairly low loaded Q, so a high Q tuning element was not 
essential. For&nbsp;LF transmitting antenna matching, a rather higher Q would be 
desirable.&nbsp; For a small-signal application (like a preselector or a VCO), 
it should be possible to use lower voltage power MOSFETs. As an experiment, I 
did some measurements with a back-back pair of STW34NB20 MOSFETs (200V, 34A). 
With a bias voltage of 5 - 200V, capacitance range was 750p - 140p, with most of 
the variation at the lower voltage end, as you would expect with varicaps. Rough 
measurements of Q (using a 3.6mH pot core inductor over a frequency range of 
97kHz - 230kHz) gave values between about 500 and 1500, with higher values for 
higher capacitances. So this is obviously a useable technique for LF - the high 
tuning voltage is a bit awkward to produce, but would result in good linearity. 
Looking at the data sheets, similar capacitance variation can be achieved with 
lower tuning voltages by using MOSFETs with lower breakdown Vdss. I guess higher 
BVdss MOSFETs could be used for LF antenna tuning, especially if used as a "fine 
tuning" device making up a fraction of the total 
capacitance.</SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial><FONT face=Arial size=4><SPAN 
class=999021512-24112003></SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT face=Arial><FONT face=Arial 
size=4><SPAN class=999021512-24112003>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial><FONT face=Arial size=4><SPAN class=999021512-24112003>The 
idea of applying a magnetic bias to a ferrite core to vary the incremental 
permeability and so produce a tunable inductor has been around for quite a while 
- apart from the previous articles cited in Technical Topics. In the old RSGB 
"LF experimenter's sourcebook" there is an article about a tunable LF converter 
using mechanically moveable permanent magnets to bias a toroid core, which is 
apparently a re-print of an article from "Ham Radio" by OH2KT from 1974. I guess 
the problem with such a device is finding a ferrite material that gives at the 
same time a reasonably high Q, and a usefully large swing of inductance. To get 
a large inductance swing requires a ferrite with a high initial permeability - 
such ferrites unfortunately tend also to have high losses . Lower permeability 
ferrite has higher Q, but would need higher DC control current to get the 
same&nbsp;bias magnetic flux, and also would give less change in inductance. An 
air-gapped high permeability core like a pot core wouldn't really work because 
the reluctance is mostly determined by the air gap rather than the ferrite. The 
Technical Topics article&nbsp;is apparently aimed at MF/HF, but I think the idea 
would work better at VLF/LF, because high-permeability ferrites have lower loss 
in that range.</SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial><FONT face=Arial size=4><SPAN 
class=999021512-24112003></SPAN></FONT></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial><FONT face=Arial size=4><SPAN 
class=999021512-24112003>Cheers, Jim Moritz</SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial><FONT face=Arial size=4><SPAN class=999021512-24112003>73 
de M0BMU</SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial><FONT face=Arial size=4><SPAN 
class=999021512-24112003></SPAN></FONT></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV></SPAN></FONT></FONT></BODY></HTML>

From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Dear Peter, LF Group,

>Hello LFers,
>is the Gereral Radio 1656 covering our LF-Band?

I am not certain, but I believe this is an audio-frequency bridge - if
it does work at 136k, it is probably with reduced specification.

>May be that any impedance bridge using as RF detector some selective
level
>meter (pegelmesser) can help you for this measure.

Selective level meters work very nicely as RF bridge detectors - Since
it is only null detection that is needed, a receiver with "S" meter or
output meter would also work fine. All you have to do is make sure there
is enough attenuation between the bridge and RX/level meter so that the
local QRM does not overload the front end.

Cheers, Jim Moritz
73 de M0BMU






From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "James Moritz" <J.R.Moritz@herts.ac.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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Dear Laurence, LF Group,

Glad to hear the beacon will be staying a bit longer than expected -
still no copy at the moment, conditions seem very poor. I am seeing
VO1NA pop up out of the noise during the evening and morning most
nights, but very weak or nothing at all between about 0000 and 0500 -
certainly very much down on conditions during October. No identifiable
sigs at all from any of the other North American beacons yet this
winter, but I live in hope!

Cheers, Jim Moritz
73 de M0BMU




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From: "James Moritz" <J.R.Moritz@herts.ac.uk>
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Date: Tue, 18 Nov 2003 18:27:32 -0000
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-----Original Message-----
From: owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
[mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org] On Behalf Of Walter
Blanchard
Sent: 18 November 2003 15:56
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Subject: LF: Freq wobble

>I've seen similar wobbles in GPS-disciplined standards. The fundamental
>gradually drifts off then the GPS software algorithm slowly pulls them
back
>in again. How often and how far depends on the programming....

Dear Walter, LF Group,
It's a bit of a big wobble - 0.5Hz at 137kHz amounts to about 4 parts
per million, so I definitely wouldn't recommend that particular model of
frequency standard if that is the case!

I could not see any sign of it here in Brookmans Park. Perhaps it could
be an intermod between a stable and an unstable signal at higher
frequencies - or perhaps it could be a low-level birdie inside the RX
from the digital stuff there - do G3LDO and G3YXM use the same rig?

Cheers, Jim Moritz
73 de M0BMU





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Dear LF Group,

I have been looking for the various beacon signals around 137.77 or so most
nights, but for the last few weeks I have only been seeing VO1NA. Since the
recent solar activity, Joe's signal has only been readable around dawn for
an hour or two  - allthough last night the high noise levels seem to have
knocked it out completely.

I just looked at the spectrogram display, which has been running since last
night, and was surprised to see that VO1NA has been a reasonable "M" copy
around 2010utc - 2040utc. Worth keeping an eye on.

Cheers, Jim Moritz
73 de M0BMU




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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>which raises the question I have often wondered about.
>  When I started in ham radio all coax was post-war surplus 75 ohm. I 
>assumed
>in my youth it was to match a free-space dipole !.
>
>When I came back to radio after a thirty-year absence in 1990 all was
50
>ohm.
>
>Who,  when and why did someone decide to change to 50 ohm ??

Dear Bryan, LF Group,

We had this discussion before on the LF group - In summary, due to the
138log b/a relationship for characteristic impedance, coax cables with
Zo much less than 25ohm are not practical due to the small spacings
required between conductors, while much larger than 100ohm is difficult
due to the very thin centre conductor required. A 75ohm air-spaced
copper conductor coax theoretically has lower loss than any other
impedance, while 50ohm has higher power-handling ability. If the 75ohm
air line is filled with polythene insulation, you come out with
something near 50ohm, which will then come out with the lowest loss for
a solid cable, assuming the conductor losses dominate, which they
usually do. So practically, coax cables always come out somewhere in
this fairly narrow range - whether it is 50, 60 or 75ohms is mostly down
to preference.

Cheers, Jim Moritz
73 de M0BMU




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Dear LF Group,

I had good copy of RU6LA here overnight, with about 30dB SNR in 0.04Hz BW -
It would have been audible if it were not for the sidebands of SXV. Also,
VO1NA was visible around 0600 this morning, allthough not much above the
noise floor. Joe's sigs have been visible for an hour or 2 most mornings
here, but around 10 - 15dB weaker, since the recent flare activity. For some
reason, the present conditions seem to provide propagation to VO only around
dawn here.

Cheers, Jim Moritz
73 de M0BMU




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Whilst on the subject of dummy loads, are Metal Oxide resistors suitable
for
dummy loads ? because much higher ratings (5 watts) are available for
same
physical size as the 2 watt carbon film resistors in my home brew dummy
load.

73

Gary - G4WGT


Dear Gary, LF Group,

The metal oxide types would be fine, as are metal film, etc. In fact,
even some types of wirewound resistors are reasonably non-reactive at
136kHz. Several people have resorted to electric heating elements like
toasters and fan heaters to make satisfactory LF dummy loads. But
obviously, it is a safer bet to stick to known low inductance types like
carbon, metal oxide and metal film unless you have the equipment to
evaluate the actual RF impedance.

The Vishay RCH50 50W film resistors sold by RS components are pretty
good value at about 2-3 pounds each, and work OK up to HF - but
obviously you need a hefty heatsink as well as the resistors. 

Cheers, Jim Moritz
73 de M0BMU




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Dear LF Group,

I see there were a further 3 X-class flares over Sunday night/Monday
morning - not surprising that conditions seem depressed, with low levels of
signal and noise. No transatlantic signals seen over the weekend here, but
VO1NA did pop up out of the noise for about 1 hour this morning (4th Nov)
around 0600 for an hour or so.

I see there has just been another big flare that seems to have pegged the
satellite's detectors at X17+ - should be good for aurora enthusiasts!

Cheers, Jim Moritz
73 de M0BMU





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Thread-Topic: LF: Start rsgb_lf_group?
Thread-Index: AcOywS8YMbqZt8KaSB6OAmn/hLo0nQAeP9Sg
From: jan-martin.noding@telenor.com
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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Subject: RE: LF: Start rsgb_lf_group? 160-190kHz QRP transmitters in America
 (Intern)
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...as far as I remember the main use was sort of "Baby-sitters", but American electronic magazines published 
such more than 50 years ago, some used the mains wiring as "antenna"

73 LA8AK


-----Original Message-----
From: owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
[mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org]On Behalf Of WarmSpgs@aol.com
Sent: 24. november 2003 20:10
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Subject: Re: LF: Start rsgb_lf_group?


In a message dated 11/24/03 10:44:48 AM Eastern Standard Time, ed@dx.ru 
writes:

> When in USA have permitted beacons 1w and a 15 meter antenna under FCC
>  part 15 (160-190kHz)?

This happened about 50 years ago, although I do not remember the precise year.

John





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Thread-Topic: LF: PA0SE Field Srength Meter for 137 kHz
Thread-Index: AcOympj+A65IqRCqSKGAqw1T6oyg2QAB2G5Q
From: jan-martin.noding@telenor.com
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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carefully reading should show a difference and the correct expression is  P = 0.0111(E * d)^2
or is it still wrong for Eudora (the difference is the sign for exponent)

73 LA8AK

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
[mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org]On Behalf Of Eric KD5UWL
Sent: 24. november 2003 15:44
To: LF-Group
Subject: Re: LF: PA0SE Field Srength Meter for 137 kHz


On Mon, 24 Nov 2003, Dick Rollema wrote:

> produces a certain field strength is wrongly given as
> P = 0.0111(E * d)^2.
> 
> The correct formula is:
> 
> P = 0.0111(E *d)2 in which:

Hi, Dick,

Sorry -- I don't see the difference.  Did you include the wrong one?

73
Eric





From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Thread-Topic: OFF TOPIC but radio.
Thread-Index: AcOuthPS3KG5obWKTPOE/QB4Js90fQD0LrUg
From: jan-martin.noding@telenor.com
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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Subject: LF: RE: OFF TOPIC but radio. - TX sidetone level adjustment (in RX
 loadspeaker)
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Usually at FET would solve it, with a series resistor to adjust the sidetone level, and possibly a capacitor if it is a dc level from ground. It is many switch type FETs, those I know and have in my store are 2N7006, VN2408, VN2410, VN2222

Yaesu would probably have used a bipolar device, with questionable effect, particularly in such old transceivers as my FT-902

73 Jan-Martin

---
J M Nøding, Datakvalitet, TTS, Kristiansand
http://tts.telenor.no/orginfo.html?filterstructureid=13&parent=86&treetopid=86
Telefon 0047-380-52660, 9077-7126 (QTH: 0047-380-87178)



-----Original Message-----
From: owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
[mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org]On Behalf Of captbrian
Sent: 19. november 2003 16:44
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Subject: LF: OFF TOPIC but radio.


Does anyone know how to lower the volume of the cw side-tone on a IC706Mk2G
?

If I turn down the volume control I need to turn it back up again to hear
the incoming signal each over. This gets tedious and wakes the neighbours
when I start sending without reducing audio gain .Also may bring MI5 round
at 2.00 am with current security jitters.

G3GVB


-----Original Message-----
From: G0MRF@aol.com <G0MRF@aol.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Date: 19 November 2003 14:22
Subject: Re: LF: CT1/G3KEV


>In a message dated 11/18/03 8:02:22 PM GMT Standard Time,
>g3kev.ham@virgin.net writes:
>
>> Airport security at LEEDS very thorough, when my equipment passed the
xray
>> machine all the lights and buzzers went off because of one dangerous
looking
>> item. I had to unpack one bag and the suspect item was my MORSE key. They
had
>> not encountered one of these devices before. One the way back at FARO
>> airport the security xray light up just the same flashing lights etc but
the man
>> just waved me on, he obviously knows all about amateur radio and morse
keys
>> !!!!!!!!!!!!!
>>
>> 73 de Mal/G3KEV
>>
>>
>
>Nice to work you on voice on 80m for the first time Mal.
>
>FB on the security.  I find that the X-ray machines hate the solid metal
base
>of some morse keys. Apparently the density of block of Semtex has a similar
>effect on the image displayed on the security monitors.
>
>73
>
>David
>





From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Thread-Topic: JASON anyone ?
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From: jan-martin.noding@telenor.com
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">


<META content="MSHTML 6.00.2800.1226" name=GENERATOR>
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=999021512-24112003>Hi</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=999021512-24112003></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN 
class=999021512-24112003>somewhat puzzled that it hasn't been any discussions 
about the technique mentioned by G3VA Pat in last Radcom (11/2003). Suppose all 
of you subscribes to Radcom, but I've noted some from his note on <A 
href="http://home.online.no/~la8ak/c97.htm">http://home.online.no/~la8ak/c97.htm</A>&nbsp; 
Although the notes refers to results made for HF, comparative experiments could 
be made for LF.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN class=999021512-24112003>it was 
also mentioned (not shown on my page) a "high voltage" variable capacitor ...up 
to 1500pF, suppose it could solve some problems even for LF, and stacking more 
such&nbsp;devices could easily make a lowcost 10nF variable 
capacitor</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV><SPAN 
class=999021512-24112003></SPAN><FONT face=Arial><FONT color=#0000ff><FONT 
size=2>73&nbsp;Jan-<SPAN class=999021512-24112003>M</SPAN>artin,&nbsp;LA8AK<SPAN 
class=999021512-24112003></SPAN></FONT></FONT></FONT><BR>
<P><FONT face=Arial size=2>---</FONT> <BR><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=4>J 
M Nøding, Datakvalitet, TTS, Kristiansand</FONT><BR></P></BODY></HTML>

From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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>By the way, a lot of russian Surplus HF equipment which became available in Germany after 
>the breakdown of the iron curtain, even automatic antenna tuners, were designed for 75 ohms impedance. 

and I discovered that the German Torn.Fu-b1 transmitter worked most efficient into 50 ohm load

73
LA8AK
---
J M Nøding, Datakvalitet, TTS, Kristiansand
Telefon 0047-380-52660, 9077-7126 (QTH: 0047-380-87178)



-----Original Message-----
From: owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
[mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org]On Behalf Of Hans-Joachim
Brandt
Sent: 12. november 2003 00:45
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Subject: Re: LF: Dummy-Load on LW




By the way, a lot of russian Surplus HF equipment which became available in Germany after the breakdown of the iron curtain, even automatic antenna tuners, were designed for 75 ohms impedance. 

73 Ha-Jo, DJ1ZB 



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Thread-Topic: Topband
Thread-Index: AcOoTEAz4z1Bj2qsT9eEAZK9O0jYzgAAUFFg
From: jan-martin.noding@telenor.com
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
X-OriginalArrivalTime: 11 Nov 2003 12:21:13.0538 (UTC) FILETIME=[4C2C1A20:01C3A84E]
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Subject: LF: RE: Topband restrictions
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<DIV><SPAN class=480331512-11112003><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff 
size=2>Dick,<BR>your email address isn't visible here, so I'll have to reply via 
the reflector<BR>Believe it was some restrictions when I lived there, and 
earlier - as G3OOQ told me, could check the '74 callbook if somebody else don't 
give the proper info<BR>we also had some 10W (?)&nbsp;restrictions when we were 
first allowed to operate 160m from Norway in 1977</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV><SPAN 
class=480331512-11112003></SPAN><FONT face=Arial><FONT color=#0000ff><FONT 
size=2>73,&nbsp;Jan-Martin<SPAN 
class=480331512-11112003></SPAN></FONT></FONT></FONT><BR>
<P><FONT face=Arial size=2>---</FONT> <BR><FONT size=4>J<SPAN 
class=480331512-11112003>-</SPAN>M N<SPAN 
class=480331512-11112003>oe</SPAN>ding, Data<SPAN class=480331512-11112003> 
</SPAN><SPAN class=480331512-11112003>quality</SPAN>, T<SPAN 
class=480331512-11112003>elenor Networks</SPAN>,&nbsp;<SPAN 
class=480331512-11112003>N</SPAN><SPAN 
class=480331512-11112003>4600-</SPAN>Kristiansand</FONT><BR><FONT color=#000000 
size=4><A 
href="http://home.online.no/~la8ak/">http://home.online.no/~la8ak/</A></FONT><BR><FONT 
face=Arial size=2>Telefon 0047-380-52660, 9077-7126 (QTH: 0047-380-87178)</FONT> 
</P>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
  <DIV class=OutlookMessageHeader dir=ltr align=left><FONT face=Tahoma 
  size=2>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B> 
  owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org 
  [mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org]<B>On Behalf Of </B>Dick 
  Rollema<BR><B>Sent:</B> 11. november 2003 12:57<BR><B>To:</B> 
  LF-Group<BR><B>Subject:</B> LF: Topband<BR><BR></FONT></DIV><B>To All from 
  PA0SE,<BR><BR>Sorry&nbsp; to use&nbsp; the reflector for a non-lf topic but in 
  this way I can reach many amateurs in the UK that can possibly help me with 
  some info I require.<BR><BR>I am presently writing an article on the 160m band 
  for our VERON magazine <I>Electron</I>.&nbsp; This band is not as popular here 
  as it was and still is in the UK. The reason is no doubt that only in 1962 we 
  got a small segment, 1825 - 1835kHz, with a maximum allowed power of 10 
  W.<BR><BR>I found out that in the UK before World War II the band&nbsp; 
  available to amateurs was 1715 - 2000kHz.&nbsp; In 1953 this was changed to 
  1800 - 2000 kHz. <BR><BR>My questions are:<BR><BR>1. Were there any power 
  restrictions in the past and present?<BR><BR>2. Is the band still 1800 - 
  2000kHz?<BR><BR>Any additional info of interest is also 
  appreciated.<BR><BR>There must be old timers around that&nbsp; can help me and 
  I thank them in advance.<BR><BR>73, Dick, PA0SE</B> </BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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James Moritz schrieb:

...............

> Several people have resorted to electric heating elements like
> toasters and fan heaters to make satisfactory LF dummy loads.

Hi Jim es all,

here are two dummy loads in use; one is a bulb 110V/DC500W, Z 35 Ohm on 136kHz 
(bridge measurement) and the other is made of four hollow ceramic resistors 
200 Ohm/60W each, makes 200W only. but blowing air through the resistors
(see attachment) makes a lukewarm 300W dummy on 136kHz (0,4uH only). 
I tried 800W. A peace of paper above the dummy caught fire within 10 sec.

regards
Uwe/dj8wx

 

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--------------040302040902030606030501--

From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Jay Rusgrove" <JRusgrove@comcast.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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Jim & group

If your selective level meter has a tracking generator output it can serve
as the signal generator (may need to be amplified a bit) as well as the
detector. I use an old General Radio 516 bridge (recommended by John
Andrews - tnx agn John) and an HP 3586C selective level meter with good
success. Makes for an interesting mix of old and new test equipment sitting
side by side!

Jay Rusgrove, W1VD

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "James Moritz" <J.R.Moritz@herts.ac.uk>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Thursday, November 27, 2003 10:01 AM
Subject: RE: LF: Impedancebridge


> Dear Peter, LF Group,
>
> >Hello LFers,
> >is the Gereral Radio 1656 covering our LF-Band?
>
> I am not certain, but I believe this is an audio-frequency bridge - if
> it does work at 136k, it is probably with reduced specification.
>
> >May be that any impedance bridge using as RF detector some selective
> level
> >meter (pegelmesser) can help you for this measure.
>
> Selective level meters work very nicely as RF bridge detectors - Since
> it is only null detection that is needed, a receiver with "S" meter or
> output meter would also work fine. All you have to do is make sure there
> is enough attenuation between the bridge and RX/level meter so that the
> local QRM does not overload the front end.
>
> Cheers, Jim Moritz
> 73 de M0BMU
>
>
>
>




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Johan Bodin" <sm6lkm.jbeab@swipnet.se>
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> One boasted, "I can climb in my pickup truck first thing in the morning, 
> drive and drive all day, and not reach the other side of my spread by nightfall."

What a stupid man! I'd suggest changing the course 180 degrees and take the
short path :~)

73
Johan SM6LKM




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Dear group,

at a wavelength of 2200m I can't see any reason why a bucket of
salt water can't be used as a "poor man's dummy load". Also,
water needs a lot of energy to heat up. At 4.18 kJ/(kg*K) a 10 liter
bucket will take a kWh, or so, before reaching the boiling point...    :-)

By the way, the speed (frequency) control system at SAQ contains
servo controlled "liquid rheostats".

Any ideas for electrode material?

73

Johan SM6LKM




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "John Rabson" <word.factory@zetnet.co.uk>
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I'm looking for 23cm portable gear for experiments in a disused railway
tunnel. Is there any sort of microwave e-mailing list
which I could usefully post to?

Regards,
John Rabson
G3PAI
Cave Radio and Electronics Group
British Cave Research Association
Tel: +44 (0)1394 460 298
Fax: +44 (0)1394 420 795




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From: "John Rabson" <word.factory@zetnet.co.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <19d.1ca91b53.2cdcf1ce@aol.com> <01ce01c3a895$53649500$ac2465d5@oemcomputer> <3FB150A2.1020407@virgin.net>
Date: Tue, 11 Nov 2003 21:26:01 -0000
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About 30 years ago, Ongar Radio station to the north-east of London had a
number of nine kilowatt HF ISB transmitters. For dummy loads they used
carbon tubes about a foot long and an inch or two in diameter. Resistance
was 75 ohms and they were cooled by pumping water through them. I had a box
of such resistors, but they went missing in a house move.

73
John Rabson G3PAI

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Stewart Bryant" <stewart.bryant@virgin.net>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Tuesday, November 11, 2003 9:12 PM
Subject: Re: LF: Re: Dummy loads at LF


> When I was a PhD student we used to make high power resistors
> to terminate very large pulse generators from PVC tube filled
> with copper sulphate and with brass end plugs. By varying the
> size of the resistor and the concentration of the copper sulphate
> we could get the value we wanted. I can't remember how powerful
> these generators were (not my project), but they ranged
> from the size of a small van to a very large lorry :)
>
> Interestingly the high frequency performance of these resistors
> was not a problem.
>
> A quick check on Google pointed me to this design info:
>
> http://www.kronjaeger.com/hv/hv/comp/res/
> (It's actually interesting to also look at the top level page)
>
> http://www.samtech.co.uk/PDF%20files/liquid%20res.pdf
>
> 73
>
> Stewart
>
> Johan Bodin wrote:
> > Dear group,
> >
> > at a wavelength of 2200m I can't see any reason why a bucket of
> > salt water can't be used as a "poor man's dummy load". Also,
> > water needs a lot of energy to heat up. At 4.18 kJ/(kg*K) a 10 liter
> > bucket will take a kWh, or so, before reaching the boiling point...
:-)
> >
> > By the way, the speed (frequency) control system at SAQ contains
> > servo controlled "liquid rheostats".
> >
> > Any ideas for electrode material?
> >
> > 73
> >
> > Johan SM6LKM
> >
> >
> >
>
>
>




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "John Rabson" <word.factory@zetnet.co.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <2D280BB697C7EE4C979C5C89925418EF0181DBD0@TNS-FBU-2E-003.corp.telenor.no>
Date: Tue, 11 Nov 2003 15:03:50 -0000
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>From 1961 for some years the maximum permitted power was 10 watts into the
PA.

Currently, the band limits in the UK are 1.81 and 2 MHz.

>From 1.81-1.85 MHz the maximum permitted power is 400 Watts. From 1.85-2 MHz
it is 32 Watts.

73
John Rabson G3PAI

----- Original Message ----- 
From: <jan-martin.noding@telenor.com>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Tuesday, November 11, 2003 12:21 PM
Subject: LF: RE: Topband restrictions


Dick,
your email address isn't visible here, so I'll have to reply via the
reflector
Believe it was some restrictions when I lived there, and earlier - as G3OOQ
told me, could check the '74 callbook if somebody else don't give the proper
info
we also had some 10W (?) restrictions when we were first allowed to operate
160m from Norway in 1977

73, Jan-Martin


--- 
J-M Noeding, Data quality, Telenor Networks, N4600-Kristiansand
http://home.online.no/~la8ak/
Telefon 0047-380-52660, 9077-7126 (QTH: 0047-380-87178)

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
[mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org]On Behalf Of Dick Rollema
Sent: 11. november 2003 12:57
To: LF-Group
Subject: LF: Topband


To All from PA0SE,

Sorry  to use  the reflector for a non-lf topic but in this way I can reach
many amateurs in the UK that can possibly help me with some info I require.
and
I am presently writing an article on the 160m band for our VERON magazine
Electron.  This band is not as popular here as it was and still is in the
UK. The reason is no doubt that only in 1962 we got a small segment, 1825 -
1835kHz, with a maximum allowed power of 10 W.

I found out that in the UK before World War II the band  available to
amateurs was 1715 - 2000kHz.  In 1953 this was changed to 1800 - 2000 kHz.

My questions are:

1. Were there any power restrictions in the past and present?

2. Is the band still 1800 - 2000kHz?

Any additional info of interest is also appreciated.

There must be old timers around that  can help me and I thank them in
advance.

73, Dick, PA0SE





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Has Mal been using TUPperware insulators?

>From the The Times 4 November 2003.
"Randy ram gets the secret world all overexcited

By Simon de Bruxelles

STAFF at the top secret GCHQ monitoring base were baffled. They had nothing
like it before. Was the high-frequency transmission a covert signal from a
spy? Or something more sinister? Now the origin of the signal which puzzled
British Intelligence can be revealed: an over-excited ram was rubbing
himself against a radio mast. The intelligence community's finest moment has
been revealed in the Daily Observer, a spoof newspaper for staff at GCHQ in
Cheltenham, which employs 4,500 people.

The mast in a field in Scarborough, North Yorkshire, was picking up a signal
at roughly the same time every day.

The paper says: "An investigation was quickly launched, revealing that the
signal was across all the high-frequency bands. Stranger still, only
Scarborough's aerials could pick it up. Even stranger, it happened only in
daytime And to one antenna in particular. Exhaustive tests were launched,
revealing the answer - a horny ram.

"In between servicing some local ewes, it was partial to rubbing its horns
against the aerial masts."

A GCHQ spokesman, Bob McNally, said: "It was part of the ritual that the ram
went through after it had made a conquest I believe the ram was notching up
a mark on the pylon, so to speak."

The tabloid paper is a rare glimpse of humour in the normally po-faced world
of secret intelligence. GCHQ monitors communciations from around the world,
from e-mails to mobile telephone calls, but this was its first message from
a randy ram."

73
John Rabson G3PAI




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From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Jose E. Ribeiro Sa" <ct1eeb@mail.telepac.pt>
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Iam glad you enjoyed my country so much Mal.

I guess you haven't forgot to ask ANACOM
(our licensing authority) for the special permits
authorizing you for the use of 6m., right ?
Don't forget 137 Khz are also authorized under
a special permit.
By the way this 2 bands are not allowed and included
in the CEPT agreement, so, you cannot TX in Portugal
in 137 Khz and 50 Mhz using the CEPT License, but,
I'm sure you hold a permanent (resident) license.

I hold a 137 Khz special permit valid until 2005 and it says
135.7 to 137.8 Khz with a max ERP of 1 Watt.
Yes, you read it well 1 WATT only.
Hope they will allow you more when you ask for your permit during
your next visit to the Algarve.

See you in the LF.

Jose  CT1EEB
VK8CS, former 4W6EB
http://www.qsl.net/ct1eeb

Da: hamilton mal <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
A: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Oggetto: LF: CT1/G3KEV
Data: martedì 18 novembre 2003 18.14

Hi All
I have just returned from CT1/Algarve and had a great time dxing from
there. CT1 is fairly rare, the radio amateur population is low compared to
most other EU countries. I did work three LF operators on the higher
frequencies OK1DTN, G0MRF and G3YMC and several hundred others world wide
on various bands from 160 to 6 metres.
The 6 metre band was interesting from the south coast of Portugal. I worked
a number of ZS6 stations, V51E, TR8CA and RW1AY/MM in the South Atlantic
off the West African coast. I did hear the UK beacon GB3MCB but no UK
stations.
I took all the necessary radio equipment and antennas with me. The portable
station consisted of an ICOM 706 and a small 25A smpsu. The Antenna was an
80 metre doublet up at a height of about 18 metres and a suitable ATU to
match the antenna on all bands to the transceiver.
Everything worked well without snags. At my CT1 qth there was plenty of
room for antennas for the LF bands even 137 khz and next time I might try
it. I have arranged an even better qth next time with a villa and 20 acres
of vineyard for antennas plus the swimming pool for a good earth.
No one around my qth seemed bothered by my antenna mast and antennas. Most
of the Algarve is covered by large 1- 2 metre satellite dishes and other
large poles with TV antennas attached. Antennas of all varities are the
norm there and the odd radio amateur mast and antennas just blends in hi .
A big difference from the UK where some Councils insist on planning consent
for small dishes that you could hardly see and a pole higher than the
normal washing line is prohibited!!!!!!!
It could be time to move South West to a villa with swimming pool, vineyard
and no planning needed for masts and antennas all at affordable prices,
plus good food, good beer and brandy and  GOOD SERVICE at the right price.
Airport security at LEEDS very thorough, when my equipment passed the xray
machine all the lights and buzzers went off because of one dangerous
looking item. I had to unpack one bag and the suspect item was my MORSE
key. They had not encountered one of these devices before. One the way back
at FARO airport the security xray light up just the same flashing lights
etc but the man just waved me on, he obviously knows all about amateur
radio and morse keys !!!!!!!!!!!!!

73 de Mal/G3KEV










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From: "Laken, W.H.P.A. van der \(Wil\)" <wil.vanderlaken@organon.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Date: Sun, 30 Nov 2003 16:31:58 +0100
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Subject: LF: RE: new version of QRS
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Thanks Rik,

Wil PA0BWL

-----Original Message-----
From: Rik Strobbe [mailto:rik.strobbe@fys.kuleuven.ac.be] 
Sent: vrijdag 28 november 2003 11:40
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Cc: ik1zyw@yahoo.com; aflowers@frontiernet.net; johan_smet@pandora.be
Subject: LF: new version of QRS


I just released version 4.02 of QRS.
New features /changes:
***** Changes from version 4.01 to 4.02 (November 2003) *****
1. Message size increased for 70 chararcters to 250 characters (suggestion 
of ON5EX)
2. Soundcard can be used for DFCW tones and CW sidetone (suggestion of K0SM)
3. AutoStart feature allows automatic and unattended beacon mode 
(suggestion of IK1ZYW)
4. Some minor cosmetics

QRS v4.02 can be downloaded from my website http://www.qsl.net/on7yd/ 
(click on software) or direct http://www.qsl.net/on7yd/zip/qrs402.zip
Those who have a copy of QRS available for download on their websites are 
invited to copy the new version from the above site and make it available 
on their sites.

73, Rik  ON7YD

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From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Laurence KL1X" <hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Date: Fri, 28 Nov 2003 16:17:17 -0900
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Subject: LF: CFH into Alaska
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For the first time Ive got a good audible warbling copy of CFH on 137Khz at 
appx 0100Z. Its strong enough to "decode" - (not in the spying sense!)

see http://www.kl1x.com/cfh.jpg

The signals could welll have been coming here everynight but I hadnt played 
around with the controls on the rx much.


The argo shot shows CFHs' signal submerged in Loran clutter but visually and 
audibly - switching the 870 NB' cleared all the Loran and hey presto CFH was 
clear as a bell....

The NB on the  870 is pretty stunning - Ill try the same thing with the 850 
and see what happens.

Laurence KL1X

_________________________________________________________________
>From the hottest toys to tips on keeping fit this winter, youll find a 
range of helpful holiday info here.  
http://special.msn.com/network/happyholidays.armx



From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Laurence KL1X" <hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com>
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Subject: LF: Much better
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DCF39 was good cw strength to S7 from 0100Z and is still good CW strength at 
0300Z

First time for weeks and weeks


Laurence KL1X anchorage
wd2xdw 137,77356

_________________________________________________________________
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From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Laurence KL1X" <hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com>
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Jim - its been more than appauling unless you like Aurora - "Transpolar" is 
very poor and DCF39 is only just visible at dot 60. If you goto my web site 
and see the Argo with DCF39 at levels around -40 start blasting away! The 
Close to X ray flare around Midnite Thursday brightened up the trace by only 
a few dBs...

It will improve a lot lot earlier for those on the East coast US before the 
nasties die away up here. The Alaskan/EU window will be short, probably.

Cheers
Laurence


>From: "James Moritz" <J.R.Moritz@herts.ac.uk>
>Reply-To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
>To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
>Subject: LF: RE: Beacons stays on
>Date: Fri, 21 Nov 2003 19:38:18 -0000
>
>Dear Laurence, LF Group,
>
>Glad to hear the beacon will be staying a bit longer than expected -
>still no copy at the moment, conditions seem very poor. I am seeing
>VO1NA pop up out of the noise during the evening and morning most
>nights, but very weak or nothing at all between about 0000 and 0500 -
>certainly very much down on conditions during October. No identifiable
>sigs at all from any of the other North American beacons yet this
>winter, but I live in hope!
>
>Cheers, Jim Moritz
>73 de M0BMU
>
>

_________________________________________________________________
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From: "Laurence KL1X" <hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org,  eric@willow.nutstreet.net, 
 martin.howell@tiscali.co.uk,  we0h@gentekcom.com
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WD2XDW should stay on over the Xmas and into the New Year, but it is 
confirmed that it and me/Sheri are being moved close to the SE Kansas/NE 
Oklahoma Border in January sometime. By then, perhaps, the problem child may 
have calmed down a bit and signals maybe travelling a long way.


laurence kl1x bp41xd
wd2xdw 137,77355 ish 3.5Amps dot120, cw 6
status www.kl1x.com

_________________________________________________________________
>From the hottest toys to tips on keeping fit this winter, youll find a 
range of helpful holiday info here.  
http://special.msn.com/network/happyholidays.armx




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Laurence KL1X" <hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com>
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Welcome Eric -

All -

We have temps down to -20C at the moment and the ground continues to cool 
and freeze - we end up with the ground being frozen to around 1 metre at the 
end of the winter here in Anchorage.

The "C" is reducing every day and the R tot  is going down too with the 
frozen weather, even with the smaller earth system, which is now under the 
snow.

So its a "dielectric" property change of wet soggy ground into a frozen 
sheet that improves the aerial current, save anything thats happening to the 
trees? Ive seen some notes on why this happens but has anyone got the full 
answer...

This mornings (pre web update) Aerial currrent is around 4A for around 380W 
DC input. It was 2.1A at the beginning of the week @ 40F

As a short time test Im streaming "live" audio on the web from the TS870 - 
both Tx (appx 773.56Hz tone on tx) and Rx noisey background of clattering 
Loran...


The idea here was to allow nearly real time sync between the start of a 
character and remote monitoring (give or take a couple hundred Msecs) - the 
stream is at a slow 8K sec. From your Media Player  type in  
http://24.237.8.95:8080     - make sure you have port 8080 open. Im still 
playing with this temp facility.

Laurence KL1X/WD2XDW


>From: Eric KD5UWL <eric@willow.nutstreet.net>
>Reply-To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
>To: LF-Group <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
>Subject: LF: XFX
>Date: Fri, 14 Nov 2003 10:48:34 -0600 (CST)
>
>Hi all,
>
>I'm new to the reflector -- Laurence KL1X told me about it.  I've a new
>2200m beacon on the air:  http://www.nutstreet.net/xfx/
>
>73
>Eric
>
>

_________________________________________________________________
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Subject: LF: New beacon on 137Khz - another part 5 licence beacon operational
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Unless Ive missed it elsewhere on this site already, but Eric KD5UWL is 
running +24hrs  around 90W and 1.5A aerial current into a top loaded 
vertical on 137Khz under the FCC Experimental Part 5 licence scheme - I 
think Ive seen reports to nearly 1000 miles north of Tulsa so far on this 
one. Eric continues to add radials and the current is coming up all the 
time.



WD2XFX 137.78077  Glenpool, OK, EM25ax.
QRSS30 'XFX' w/CW full ID; licensed under Part 5; op KD5UWL; status 
(2003/11/11)

This taken from the LWCA Lowfer database. (thanks) - Well done Eric


Laurence
KL1X/Wd2XDW in the snow.
"XDW" 137,77356 3.5AI D120 cw6

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From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Laurence KL1X" <hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com>
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Date: Wed, 12 Nov 2003 09:02:14 -0900
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I found a thread that says something to the effect that 50 ohm was chosen  
(in the US) during the war period because of the standard diameters 
available in copper tubing at the time (!) - that sort of makes sense D/d 
and all that....must be all hard line!

Laurence
(too young to rem WW2)


>From: "captbrian" <captbrian@ukonline.co.uk>
>Reply-To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
>To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
>Subject: Re: LF:  Dummy-Load on LW
>Date: Wed, 12 Nov 2003 08:04:52 -0000
>
>which raises the question I have often wondered about.
>  When I started in ham radio all coax was post-war surplus 75 ohm. I 
>assumed
>in my youth it was to match a free-space dipole !.
>
>When I came back to radio after a thirty-year absence in 1990 all was 50
>ohm.
>
>Who,  when and why did someone decide to change to 50 ohm ??
>
>Bryan G3GVB
>-----Original Message-----
>From: Hans-Joachim Brandt <hajo.brandt.dj1zb@t-online.de>
>To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
>Date: 12 November 2003 00:16
>Subject: Re: LF: Dummy-Load on LW
>
>
>Dear all,
>
>around 1959, when I joined Rohde&Schwarz in Munich, 60 ohms has been the
>standard cable impedance in Germany for all broadcast and television
>transmitters in the fifties and for other commercial RF equipment. Cage and
>other transmitting antennas were also designed for 60 ohms. I have also
>built my first amateur radio dummy load for 60 ohms.
>
>I do not know exactly the reason for 60 ohms, somebody has told me that 
>this
>impedance has been a compromise between 50 ohms and 75 ohms, (perhaps
>following the idea that 75 ohms allows the production of cables with 
>minimum
>losses whilst 50 ohms would allow to send higher power through a coaxial
>cable).
>
>On the other hand 75 ohms has been used and is still in use for video
>equipment in TV  transmitters and studio equipment; higher video voltages
>needed for TV modulator stages have often been terminated with 150 ohms to
>save power, generating double the voltage with the same current.
>
>But in the sixties a change to 50 ohms impedance for RF equipment became
>standard also in Germany, there was a need to match to the international
>market standards.
>
>Concerning receiving antennas, the first VHF FM and TV antennas in the 
>early
>fifties in Germany were folded dipoles with a 300 ohms symmetrical cable
>feed. But soon the folded dipole with reflector (and some directors) became
>popular, using 240 ohms symmetrical cable for about two decades (thus
>confirming Wolf's [DL4YHF] contribution), TV distribution systems in houses
>used 60 ohms with a 4:1 balun to connect the antennas (for the TV receivers
>with 240 ohms symmetrical input another 1:4 balun was needed to connect 
>them
>to the 60 ohms house system). Later on TV receivers and TV receiving
>antennas were changed to 75 Ohms coaxial, CATV systems used 75 ohms from 
>the
>beginning, the CATV start in Germany has been rather late, about 1984.
>
>By the way, a lot of russian Surplus HF equipment which became available in
>Germany after the breakdown of the iron curtain, even automatic antenna
>tuners, were designed for 75 ohms impedance.
>
>73 Ha-Jo, DJ1ZB
>
>
>"Walter Blanchard" <blanch@pncl.co.uk> schrieb:
> > DK8ND's email raises an interesting point. Can any of our German friends
>tell me why an impedance of 60 ohms was popular in Germany for some time 
>but
>not anywhere else?
> >
> > Walter G3JKV.
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > ---
> >
> > Checked by AVG anti-virus system (http://www.grisoft.com).
> > Version: 6.0.525 / Virus Database: 322 - Release Date: 09/10/03
>
>
>
>
>
>

_________________________________________________________________
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From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Thanks Steve - it was good to "see" ya -


Laurence Kl1X

>From: Steve Dove <dsp@hifidelity.com>
>Reply-To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
>To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
>Subject: LF: 'Evaluating Receive Antennas using a Soundcard'
>Date: Wed, 12 Nov 2003 00:51:59 -0000
>
>Greetings,
>
>Buckling under to overwhelming popular clamour (thanks, mum) a webbly-fied 
>version of
>the talk from the RSGB HF Conference last week is at:
>
>http://www.w3eee.com
>
>under  'RSGB talk'.
>
>         Cheers,
>
>                 Steve
>
>
>
>

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From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Laurence KL1X" <hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org,  lowfer@mailman.qth.net
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Subject: Re: LF: XDW back on 2112Z 6th
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T21 computer replaced - XDW back on 2112Z 6th 137,77356  QRSS120 3.1A aerial 
current.

Bp41xd anchorage
Laurence KL1X

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From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Laurence KL1X" <hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org,  martin.howell@tiscali.co.uk
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The T21 Laptop I use for beacon sequencing and IIS web server funtions has 
died this morning. The LCD screen has gone terminal, but Ill find something 
to plug it into again later this afternoon and the beacon will be back on 
this evening AK time.

Aerial current was 3.1A for around 360W and Tx freq remains near o 
137,773.556 @ QRSS120 even with a much reduced earthing.sys

The extensive 160/80 radial.sys and earth mat are all now pulled up and I 
have only the visible and easily pullable well casing and  about 10 x 8 ft 
rods tied back to the system - it is due to snow (finally) in Anchorage this 
weekend and this was my last chance to pull everything up before it really 
freezes in.

No news on tower removal date but still planned for 24 November. No 
confirmed news on move location either....its like waiting for Chrsitmas.

Regards


Laurence KL1X/WD2XDW
http://www.kl1x.com (back on when I fix this pc)

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Subject: LF: VO1NA, RU6LA Fri/Sat and tonight
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--------------070004070105090903060707
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<HTML><FONT FACE=arial,helvetica><FONT  SIZE=2 FAMILY="SANSSERIF" FACE="Arial" LANG="2">Hi group,<BR>
<BR>
sigs from VO1NA were visible on 137777.06 several times last night: 2:00 - 2:10, 3:40 - 3:55, 4:22 - 4:33 and 5:56 - 6:21 UT. The last opening was not quite M copy at 21mHz FFT resolution, with fieldstrength estimated&nbsp; -26 .. -20 dBµV/m (see SpecLab capture).<BR>
<BR>
CFH had shut down suddenly at 23:47 both yesterday and today. <BR>
<BR>
RU6LA on 135945 was up to 12 dBuV/m. Tonight, Ed is clearly readable on top of SXV's upper FSK sideband. The minimum between their first and (much weaker) second sidebands is currently around 135962 Hz.<BR>
<BR>
Now at midnight UT, the sky has cleared up for an impressive display of Earth's shadow eclipsing the full moon.<BR>
<BR>
73 and best wishes<BR>
Markus<BR>
</FONT></HTML>
--------------070004070105090903060707
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From: "Martyn" <martyn@czd.org.uk>
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Hi folks,

I have been monitoring 137 for a couple of weeks now, but for the last week
or so I have been getting this consistent 1 second broadband (from about
133khz to about 139khz pulse. see attached jpg. Is this typical? or better
still can anyone suggest what it  might be please? DCF39 is clear on the
trace and very strong.. Even better, can I get rid of it. The next step is
probably a noise canceller but I'm not sure how effective this will be on a
broadband noise pulse

Ant is a dual vertical wire to approx 10m high with a pair of 18m horizontal
Capacity wires seperated by abt 800mm in an offset 'T' formation. Looding
coil is about 5mH. Rx pre-amplifier is the Mk1 G0MRF kit feeding my FT-920
HF rig.

Thanks

Martyn

----------------------------------------
Martyn Kinder G0CZD

mailto:martyn@czd.org.uk

http://www.czd.org.uk

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--------------050000060409080102050400--

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From: "Matteo" <iz2day@libero.it>
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hi Hamilton ,
i read this with great intrest probably in police accademy teach to cover
the bad thing made by Prince Carlo Soon's and 
not teach something about amateur radio world  ???????
how do you think ??
73 Matteo
----------
Da: hamilton mal <g3kev.ham@virgin.net>
A: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Oggetto: LF: CT1/G3KEV
Data: martedì 18 novembre 2003 18.14

Hi All
I have just returned from CT1/Algarve and had a great time dxing from
there. CT1 is fairly rare, the radio amateur population is low compared to
most other EU countries. I did work three LF operators on the higher
frequencies OK1DTN, G0MRF and G3YMC and several hundred others world wide
on various bands from 160 to 6 metres.
The 6 metre band was interesting from the south coast of Portugal. I worked
a number of ZS6 stations, V51E, TR8CA and RW1AY/MM in the South Atlantic
off the West African coast. I did hear the UK beacon GB3MCB but no UK
stations.
I took all the necessary radio equipment and antennas with me. The portable
station consisted of an ICOM 706 and a small 25A smpsu. The Antenna was an
80 metre doublet up at a height of about 18 metres and a suitable ATU to
match the antenna on all bands to the transceiver.
Everything worked well without snags. At my CT1 qth there was plenty of
room for antennas for the LF bands even 137 khz and next time I might try
it. I have arranged an even better qth next time with a villa and 20 acres
of vineyard for antennas plus the swimming pool for a good earth. 
No one around my qth seemed bothered by my antenna mast and antennas. Most
of the Algarve is covered by large 1- 2 metre satellite dishes and other
large poles with TV antennas attached. Antennas of all varities are the
norm there and the odd radio amateur mast and antennas just blends in hi .
A big difference from the UK where some Councils insist on planning consent
for small dishes that you could hardly see and a pole higher than the
normal washing line is prohibited!!!!!!!
It could be time to move South West to a villa with swimming pool, vineyard
and no planning needed for masts and antennas all at affordable prices,
plus good food, good beer and brandy and  GOOD SERVICE at the right price. 
Airport security at LEEDS very thorough, when my equipment passed the xray
machine all the lights and buzzers went off because of one dangerous
looking item. I had to unpack one bag and the suspect item was my MORSE
key. They had not encountered one of these devices before. One the way back
at FARO airport the security xray light up just the same flashing lights
etc but the man just waved me on, he obviously knows all about amateur
radio and morse keys !!!!!!!!!!!!!
 
73 de Mal/G3KEV






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> I have been monitoring 137 for a couple of weeks now, but for the last week
> or so I have been getting this consistent 1 second broadband (from about
> 133khz to about 139khz pulse. see attached jpg. Is this typical? or better
> still can anyone suggest what it  might be please? DCF39 is clear on the
> trace and very strong.. Even better, can I get rid of it. The next step is
> probably a noise canceller but I'm not sure how effective this will be on a
> broadband noise pulse
> ----------------------------------------
> Martyn Kinder G0CZD

Martyn,

This could be a video recorder 
that has not had its timer set (ie 
the display is pulsing on and off). I 
have had this experience with 
VCRs within about 30 metres.

Mike, G3XDV
===========




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On 19 Nov 2003 at 21:52, g3ldo wrote:


>  I carried my . . . 
>. . . antenna mast (fibre glass telescopic roach pole, used as a walking
> stick) as hand luggage. 

Obviously the customs man had never seen 'The Day of the Jackal'.

Mike, G3XDV
===========





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With all the comments on Loads,,, put them in a container and add mineral
oil
would really boost their rating ,, just allow for some venting

Bob  K3DJC

On Sat, 8 Nov 2003 01:23:05 +0100 0482183881-0001@t-online.de (jannsen)
writes:
> James Moritz schrieb:
> 
> ...............
> 
> > Several people have resorted to electric heating elements like
> > toasters and fan heaters to make satisfactory LF dummy loads.
> 
> Hi Jim es all,
> 
> here are two dummy loads in use; one is a bulb 110V/DC500W, Z 35 Ohm 
> on 136kHz 
> (bridge measurement) and the other is made of four hollow ceramic 
> resistors 
> 200 Ohm/60W each, makes 200W only. but blowing air through the 
> resistors
> (see attachment) makes a lukewarm 300W dummy on 136kHz (0,4uH only). 
> 
> I tried 800W. A peace of paper above the dummy caught fire within 10 
> sec.
> 
> regards
> Uwe/dj8wx
> 
>  
> 



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From: "Rik Strobbe" <rik.strobbe@fys.kuleuven.ac.be>
Cc: ik1zyw@yahoo.com,  aflowers@frontiernet.net,  johan_smet@pandora.be
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I just released version 4.02 of QRS.
New features /changes:
***** Changes from version 4.01 to 4.02 (November 2003) *****
1. Message size increased for 70 chararcters to 250 characters (suggestion 
of ON5EX)
2. Soundcard can be used for DFCW tones and CW sidetone (suggestion of K0SM)
3. AutoStart feature allows automatic and unattended beacon mode 
(suggestion of IK1ZYW)
4. Some minor cosmetics

QRS v4.02 can be downloaded from my website http://www.qsl.net/on7yd/ 
(click on software) or direct http://www.qsl.net/on7yd/zip/qrs402.zip
Those who have a copy of QRS available for download on their websites are 
invited to copy the new version from the above site and make it available 
on their sites.

73, Rik  ON7YD



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>I hold a 137 Khz special permit valid until 2005 and it says
>135.7 to 137.8 Khz with a max ERP of 1 Watt.
>Yes, you read it well 1 WATT only.

Jose,

We all have the 1 Watt ERP limit, it is implemented in the CEPT 
recommendation that allows ham operation on 137kHz.
But keep in mind that antenna efficiency is extemely low on LF, most likely 
0.1% or less. So you probably need more than 1kW TX power to get 1 Watt ERP.
I guess that my ERP is about 30 to 50 mW, running 350 Watt RF power. Best 
DX is CW is OH1TN (about 1700km), so you can do a lot with just a few mW ERP.

73, Rik  ON7YD




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Date: Sun, 09 Nov 2003 11:46:12 +0400
From: "rv6lna" <ua6lfj@emirates.net.ae>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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Subject: LF: ru6la sigs. in UAE
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hello group,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Please find attached ARGO screen shot taken last 
night</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>from 21-30 to 22-30 UTC on 135.9 kc.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I'm located in Ajman, United Arab 
Emirates.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Antenna - dipole for 80 m., 50m above the 
ground.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Radio - FT-817</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Front end - 2-nd order BPF + 20 dB 
preamp.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Conditions are&nbsp;noisy (apartment building with 
a hundred</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>TVs and computers).</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73!</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Alexander</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>rv6lna</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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--------------090200030700030108050203--

From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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From: "Steve Dove" <dsp@hifidelity.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Date: Wed, 12 Nov 2003 00:51:59 -0000
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Greetings,

Buckling under to overwhelming popular clamour (thanks, mum) a webbly-fied version of 
the talk from the RSGB HF Conference last week is at:

http://www.w3eee.com

under  'RSGB talk'.

        Cheers,

                Steve






From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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Subject: LF: Ephemeral day
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Tomorrow may never come, but the day after tomorrow arrives at
midnight :)

http://www.motorola.com/ies/GPS/docs_pdf/notification_oncore.pdf

73

Stewart G3YSX




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Laptops are fine in the Xray. Mine has been thoroughly
irradiated.

If you travel to the US you will have no choice.
The Laptop has to go through separately, so do
your shoes. Over there the detectors are all at
hyper-sensitive level. On my trip last week I
also put my watch, glasses, belt and coins
through the Xray, and still got a full search
due to a single 1c coin in my handkerchief.

73

Stewart

g3ldo wrote:

> Dave, G0MRF said:
> 
> 
>>I find that the X-ray machines hate the solid metal base of some morse
> 
> keys.
> 
>>Apparently the density of block of Semtex has a similar effect on
>>the image displayed on the security monitors.
> 
> 
> Can these machines tell the difference between a metal box of components,
> such as a rig, ATU or PSU and a solid block of a CW key?
> I was more concerned about weight (as the XYL seemed to want to pack her
> entire wardrobe) so I used a lightweight CW paddle that was fixed to a
> clipboard that contained all the amateur radio papers.
> I put all my ham radio gear into a separate small case which I never saw
> again until it reluctantly appeared at baggage reclaim. I carried my laptop
> and antenna mast (fibre glass telescopic roach pole, used as a walking
> stick) as hand luggage. I specifically asked that the laptop didn't go
> through the xray machine so that was the only item that got looked at.
> 
> Peter G3LDO
> 
> 
> 




From rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 1970
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References: <19d.1ca91b53.2cdcf1ce@aol.com> <01ce01c3a895$53649500$ac2465d5@oemcomputer>
In-reply-to: <01ce01c3a895$53649500$ac2465d5@oemcomputer>
Subject: Re: LF: Re: Dummy loads at LF
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When I was a PhD student we used to make high power resistors
to terminate very large pulse generators from PVC tube filled
with copper sulphate and with brass end plugs. By varying the
size of the resistor and the concentration of the copper sulphate
we could get the value we wanted. I can't remember how powerful
these generators were (not my project), but they ranged
from the size of a small van to a very large lorry :)

Interestingly the high frequency performance of these resistors
was not a problem.

A quick check on Google pointed me to this design info:

http://www.kronjaeger.com/hv/hv/comp/res/
(It's actually interesting to also look at the top level page)

http://www.samtech.co.uk/PDF%20files/liquid%20res.pdf

73

Stewart

Johan Bodin wrote:
> Dear group,
> 
> at a wavelength of 2200m I can't see any reason why a bucket of
> salt water can't be used as a "poor man's dummy load". Also,
> water needs a lot of energy to heat up. At 4.18 kJ/(kg*K) a 10 liter
> bucket will take a kWh, or so, before reaching the boiling point...    :-)
> 
> By the way, the speed (frequency) control system at SAQ contains
> servo controlled "liquid rheostats".
> 
> Any ideas for electrode material?
> 
> 73
> 
> Johan SM6LKM
> 
> 
> 




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From: "Stewart Nelson" <sn@scgroup.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
References: <Pine.LNX.4.44.0311240843270.25512-100000@willow.nutstreet.net>
Date: Mon, 24 Nov 2003 07:17:40 -0800
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Subject: Re: LF: PA0SE Field Srength Meter for 137 kHz
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Hi Eric and all,

Dick's post, made with Eudora, contained this HTML fragment:

The correct formula is:<br><br>
P = 0.0111(E *d)</font><font size=1><sup>2</sup></font><font size=3> in which
...

Depending on your mail reader and/or browser, the superscript 2 may not
have displayed correctly.

The correct formula is: P = 0.0111 * (E * d) ** 2
or P equals 0.0111 times ((E times d) squared)

Hope this is clear.

73,

Stewart

----- Original Message -----
From: "Eric KD5UWL" <eric@willow.nutstreet.net>
To: "LF-Group" <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Monday, November 24, 2003 6:44 AM
Subject: Re: LF: PA0SE Field Srength Meter for 137 kHz


> On Mon, 24 Nov 2003, Dick Rollema wrote:
>
> > produces a certain field strength is wrongly given as
> > P = 0.0111(E * d)2.
> >
> > The correct formula is:
> >
> > P = 0.0111(E *d)2 in which:
>
> Hi, Dick,
>
> Sorry -- I don't see the difference.  Did you include the wrong one?
>
> 73
> Eric
>
>
>




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Brian

Not sure I understand the problem because the sidetone on mine is
roughly the same volume as incoming signals. i.e. When receiving quietly
so as not to disturb my neighbours in the flat next door at my /A
location, the sidetone is also quiet. 

I wonder if there is a pot to balance the two levels?

73, Tom G3OLB




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From: "Urban Ekholm" <urban.ekholm@hem-pc.bip.net>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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Subject: LF: JASON anyone ?
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" http-equiv=Content-Type>
<META content="MSHTML 5.00.2614.3500" name=GENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hello !</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Is anyone interested in trying a QSO on JASON ? 
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>If so, mail me&nbsp;at : <A 
href="mailto:urban.ekholm@hem-pc.bip.net">urban.ekholm@hem-pc.bip.net</A></FONT>&nbsp;<FONT 
face=Arial size=2>so we could arrange a sked some weekend.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>73 SM5EUF Urban </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>JO78SQ</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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Hi Martyn

in my case it was the notebook-charger

73  Eberhard, DL3ZID

============================================================================

Hi folks,

I have been monitoring 137 for a couple of weeks now, but for the last week
or so I have been getting this consistent 1 second broadband (from about
133khz to about 139khz pulse. see attached jpg. Is this typical? or better
still can anyone suggest what it  might be please? DCF39 is clear on the
trace and very strong.. Even better, can I get rid of it. The next step is
probably a noise canceller but I'm not sure how effective this will be on a
broadband noise pulse

Ant is a dual vertical wire to approx 10m high with a pair of 18m horizontal
Capacity wires seperated by abt 800mm in an offset 'T' formation. Looding
coil is about 5mH. Rx pre-amplifier is the Mk1 G0MRF kit feeding my FT-920
HF rig.

Thanks

Martyn




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From: "Walter Blanchard" <blanch@pncl.co.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Date: Mon, 24 Nov 2003 11:14:33 -0000
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Have any of you G's installed BT's Home Network 1200 broad-band system?
If so, did it cause any QRM, LF or otherwise?

I want to network 3 computers and two phones so it seems I need their
1200 modem plus two microfilters and two PC adaptors. If I've got it
right one cptr goes straight to their modem while the other two connect
via USB to the two "adaptors".  The two phones go via microfilters.
The line runs at 512 kB (apparently) but it's all interconnected over the
usual
BT unshielded 4-wire line inside the house so what about LF radiation?

I know this came up some time ago but I've lost the emails. Sorry.

Walter G3JKV.



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From: "Walter Blanchard" <blanch@pncl.co.uk>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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I've seen similar wobbles in GPS-disciplined standards. The fundamental
gradually drifts off then the GPS software algorithm slowly pulls them back
in again. How often and how far depends on the programming.
Lots of them in use now. There are four on the cellphone transmitter site
next to me - amusing watching their harmonics on 144.000 000 MHz wandering
back and forth.

Walter G3JKV.






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<DIV><FONT face=Tahoma size=2>DK8ND's email raises an interesting point. Can any 
of our German friends tell me why an impedance of 60 ohms&nbsp;was popular in 
Germany for some time but not anywhere else?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Tahoma size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Tahoma size=2>Walter G3JKV.</FONT></DIV>
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In a message dated 11/24/03 10:44:48 AM Eastern Standard Time, ed@dx.ru 
writes:

> When in USA have permitted beacons 1w and a 15 meter antenna under FCC
>  part 15 (160-190kHz)?

This happened about 50 years ago, although I do not remember the precise year.

John




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In a message dated 11/21/03 4:24:05 PM Eastern Standard Time, 
eric@willow.nutstreet.net writes:

> Excuse me, but it's not so bad here.

No, not bad at all.  I spent many happy years in that region as a youngster.  
It's just a bit of a change from Anchorage, for certain.

> There ARE mountains in the distance.  
> They are just so far in the distance you can't see them :)

Yes, I've got to remember "distance" has a somewhat expanded meaning on the 
Plains; as illustrated in the story about the two Texans who were trying to 
outdo each other bragging about the size of their ranches.

One boasted, "I can climb in my pickup truck first thing in the morning, 
drive and drive all day, and not reach the other side of my spread by nightfall."

The other one said, "Yep.  I used to have a truck like that, too."

John



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In a message dated 11/21/03 1:23:41 PM Eastern Standard Time, 
hellozerohellozero@hotmail.com writes:

> it is 
>  confirmed that it and me/Sheri are being moved close to the SE Kansas/NE 
>  Oklahoma Border in January sometime.

The relocation will remove you from all that fun with transpolar propagation, 
but at least you stand a good chance of being in soil conductivities of 15-30 
mS/m, if you don't get wedged into the extreme corner of either state (too 
near Missouri).  Moose will be replaced with white tail deer, so far as the 
wildlife pests go, and you'll want to watchful for snakes a bit more of the year.  
No mountains in the distance, no midnight sun, but once tornado season is 
over you'll be able to keep the antenna up and radiating more efficiently than 
ever.

John




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Perhaps that should be QRaM ?




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In a message dated 10/31/03 12:47:15 PM Eastern Standard Time, 
J.R.Moritz@herts.ac.uk writes:

> But
>  somewhat surprisingly, I had quite good M-to-O copy from VO1NA between
>  about 0600 and some time after 0800 this morning.

Excellent news.  I am possibly a little more optimistic than Alan about a 
timely decay of ionisation levels, if we can just have fewer X-rays and protons 
for a while.

John



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I just told Laurence to build a concrete room underground so he and the
misses could hide out in a safe place during those tornadoes.

Mike>WE0H
http://www.we0h.us/lf
"WEOH" on 185.3026kc
QRSS 30 & -.-.  .--
FCC says 'Sufficiently powered @ 1w'

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
[mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org]
On Behalf Of Eric KD5UWL
Sent: Friday, November 21, 2003 3:23 PM
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Subject: Re: LF: Beacons stays on

> > it is
> >  confirmed that it and me/Sheri are being moved close to the SE
Kansas/NE
> >  Oklahoma Border in January sometime.

> ...No mountains in the distance, no midnight sun, but once tornado

Excuse me, but it's not so bad here.  There ARE mountains in the distance.
They are just so far in the distance you can't see them :)

73
Eric
EM25






