Return-Path: Received: from post.thorcom.com (post.thorcom.com [195.171.43.25]) by klubnl.pl (8.14.4/8.14.4/Debian-8+deb8u2) with ESMTP id w1AJklVm004528 for ; Sat, 10 Feb 2018 20:46:50 +0100 Received: from majordom by post.thorcom.com with local (Exim 4.14) id 1ekb2J-0006mP-Ux for rs_out_1@blacksheep.org; Sat, 10 Feb 2018 19:42:11 +0000 Received: from [195.171.43.32] (helo=relay1.thorcom.net) by post.thorcom.com with esmtp (Exim 4.14) id 1ekb2J-0006mG-H4 for rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org; Sat, 10 Feb 2018 19:42:11 +0000 Received: from mout.gmx.net ([212.227.17.21]) by relay1.thorcom.net with esmtps (TLSv1.2:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:256) (Exim 4.89) (envelope-from ) id 1ekb2G-0006V8-IC for rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org; Sat, 10 Feb 2018 19:42:10 +0000 Received: from Clemens0811 ([84.163.190.230]) by mail.gmx.com (mrgmx102 [212.227.17.168]) with ESMTPSA (Nemesis) id 0LnUna-1fBh3I44JK-00hg9M for ; Sat, 10 Feb 2018 20:42:07 +0100 From: "Clemens Paul" To: References: <1617f92d6d6-c8a-19b29@webjas-vad159.srv.aolmail.net> <1137725936.11186643.1518283843107@mail.yahoo.com> <1F5AFD934C9F4F12AACEAE712740B945@Clemens0811> <1076751888.11219775.1518286362819@mail.yahoo.com> In-Reply-To: <1076751888.11219775.1518286362819@mail.yahoo.com> Date: Sat, 10 Feb 2018 20:42:06 +0100 Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Microsoft Office Outlook 11 Thread-Index: AdOimv3DigU/Hl7NS7aqpoVw2QWWiAACUAgg X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE X-Provags-ID: V03:K0:DG1ojLdK5tu/nPDJmBcuBF/ampACFJVQ9lUfhdoHCQCpV1G48My f10+XolfZUGeR8EsXNDbhh3IKnwYbiwufjG0q0pC9aH10UyHTq08EWPJl5h2cTl1YXV6Bpu imcBgvSYWWHOLCUaXj1/hVk3jAvRP6kcdKh7mrMXPLmRetJhqkN05diMTvBWvfPsd4Z6uZO RChpj3RfX88iwlMCsMrLA== X-UI-Out-Filterresults: notjunk:1;V01:K0:oH11m+1PyYM=:j5ArHqQpA98Z6fKxc7y6jO zhl9BWmf1z/7rJ+L5usozvmqfxfYy00mEsyS3pWDKRs7Iuj95PwXQWB8SyV72WQfAgsQz14Yp 7l+158IyZ02IBFku3qBNL9HY3hXdoxrgErGGTQNc53QGyIiO7jlO1okL2mmDYRzYqEKge9rR4 Y90/kIcLLMNurhN2cIxbgabVaPghWrR7e4/Z6D4jxlgGNWEIRPH5qWAtpk+8osdiT/O7SpQDs yka+Ke7Pemf2q7PziLzGVfA5Kha19suBFz+r5BCArfBrjYdvfxDKGWWBXsRCjwQU4/USoVVeH kYfMJWX/B/s+RK2NZXKPLCX0Cif16cK1B6B0Apw+OlRuYkOlyinkdeXu44Cyim6p0xDHtlxoq G+VSFD7CMck1dvpfi9vasgbTbNKjL1+oBfchQNw9uq16M3NgqxpldlD+QIDlxWF/z601ERqL9 cCWzfW4UrVA4+T7X9UCeEeXPqj8YMMycnwvQ3F/JCmHPHKH8vGTLUSfgfF9hzdlq5gkvZifA0 6CTbslE/bGDSenPtB4zrrwHQgTiZqy0BYJF/9LpsCjqceXpIpuXNrsUd9nMPnxxExA6szNV1F 5/M69VpKUSwXqL0qc71Dk+jJ6yGpYhkUUUFEgBeAvr+2ucqyP2er0J2sSzpvR0yCWif3L3zUu skq9Eb+FFVddC7YxlfMfHmKKU+nsWrdR6YNaGZk+ErOd7NjAI27t+leQN5pRWJb0BSfnoaQF+ kFkFLbb0vp+dr0Mxi/MbNfzp51AbD++eZndgQpA/19mAQfCiQ6B/dviCbeZAfhsMQss81fGmG R4P1Y420A47ur98WmWCdOik4O0N+idPYSw35M/Wi4Vk/Yt5VdQ= X-Spam-Score: -0.0 (/) X-Spam-Report: Spam detection software, running on the system "relay1.thorcom.net", has NOT identified this incoming email as spam. The original message has been attached to this so you can view it or label similar future email. If you have any questions, see the administrator of that system for details. Content preview: Hi David, >>Maybe you can disclose at least the the 3dB BW of this kind of antenna? >Hi Clemens, I'm not sure I understand your question. [...] Content analysis details: (-0.0 points, 5.0 required) pts rule name description ---- ---------------------- -------------------------------------------------- 0.0 FREEMAIL_FROM Sender email is commonly abused enduser mail provider (cpaul[at]gmx.net) -0.0 T_RP_MATCHES_RCVD Envelope sender domain matches handover relay domain X-Scan-Signature: 046f068074e745d5c60ca47deee9b503 Subject: RE: VLF: 1.6 Hz from Kiruna? Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 2.63 (2004-01-11) on post.thorcom.com X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, hits=0.0 required=5.0 tests=none autolearn=no version=2.63 X-SA-Exim-Scanned: Yes Sender: owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Precedence: bulk Reply-To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org X-Listname: rsgb_lf_group X-SA-Exim-Rcpt-To: rs_out_1@blacksheep.org X-SA-Exim-Scanned: No; SAEximRunCond expanded to false Hi David, >>Maybe you can disclose at least the the 3dB BW of this kind of antenna? >Hi Clemens, I'm not sure I understand your question. The 3 dB bandwidth is f0/Q and Q is defined as X/R where X is the reactance of the inductor and the capacitor at the resonant frequency. The lossless-Q of a small antenna is a useful academic quantity, and is the reactance divided by the radiation-resistance. It gives the maximum theoretical Q for any given small antenna, and then the actual Q can be measured on the real antenna. The radiation efficiency is the lossless Q divided by the actual Q, by the equations: Qlossless = X/Rrad, Qactual = X/(Rrad+Rloss), Qactual/Qlossless = Rrad/(Rrad+Rloss) = radiation efficiency. An interesting limit for small antennas is the minimum lossless Q that can be achieved, and was derived by Chu in 1948 from only the frequency and the size of the antenna. 73 Clemens DL4RAJ >-----Original Message----- >From: owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org >[mailto:owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org] On Behalf Of David Hine >Sent: Saturday, February 10, 2018 7:13 PM >To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org >Subject: Re: VLF: 1.6 Hz from Kiruna? >