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Date: Mon, 21 Jun 2010 23:31:50 +0200
Message-ID: <38A51B74B884D74083D7950AD0DD85E82A1C5B@File-Server-HST.hst.e-technik.tu-darmstadt.de>
Thread-Topic: Earth mode DXing today - 3.6kms!
Thread-Index: AcsRYz/Nq7g81cJWRqWFWg7XYiwxZwAI3czn
References: <AANLkTimywgRud4c6cI114258m-WA6CoyA1tWaTIm0LBu@mail.gmail.com>
From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Stefan_Sch=E4fer?= <schaefer@hst.tu-darmstadt.de>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
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Subject: LF: AW: Earth mode DXing today - 3.6kms!
Sender: owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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Reply-To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org


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Hi Roger!
=20
Congratulations to your interesting achievements!
=20
I have some questions: What was the antenna current you achieved @ 4 watts=
 on 0,8 kHz? Will you repeat the experiment on 8,97 kHz? It would be inter=
esting if the signal at a given distance/location is stronger or weaker on=
 0,8 or 8,97 kHz. Maybe you can create a diagram of the antenna impedance=
 as a function of the frequency? This could give you further infos about=
 you ground loop.
Could you use a saw tooth modulator (with a constant output voltage) that=
 FM-modulates from DC to 9 kHz with a very slow rise time of say 1 minute?=
 Thean you could evaluate the propagation as a function of the frequency=
 (since your antenna is non resonant, so very broad band)! This would be=
 most interesting!
=20
I will also go on with my tests, reaching the far field on the Dreamers Ba=
nd, there on the hill, without any water pipes or so. I have prepared many=
 small and two big earth rods (steel, 1,5m long and a 2kg hammer ;-) ). Ad=
ditionally i have organised further 280m wire... All very interesting stuf=
f and an excellent hobby for the summer! :-)
=20
GL and go on! Most of us haven't thought that this would work so good over=
 such distances. Seems the radio amateurs are re-discovering the VLF band,=
 just like at the beginning of radio...
=20
73, Stefan/DK7FC
=20
=20
=20

________________________________

Von: owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org im Auftrag von Roger Lapthorn
Gesendet: Mo 21.06.2010 18:55
An: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Cc: M0BXT
Betreff: LF: Earth mode DXing today - 3.6kms!


MODS TO THE SYSTEM

Some significant steps taken with my local earth mode / induction tests to=
day, which I'll summarise here. Spectran screen captures will appear on my=
 earth mode web page <http://sites.google.com/site/g3xbmqrp/Home/earthmode=
>  tomorrow.=20


*   Firstly, having installed the K1EL keyer chip, I decided to use its in=
ternal 800Hz sidetone oscillator, after a bit of LP filtering, to drive my=
 4W PA. This arrangement now allows me to run either QRSS3 or 10wpm CW bea=
cons on 800Hz at the flick of a switch. It is more stable than the externa=
l twin-tee oscillator I was using and is perfectly suitable for QRSS3 at=
 audio frequencies.
   =20
*   Secondly, I modified my loop/preamp to have marginally better sensitiv=
ity at around 700-900Hz.=20
*   A quick "by ear" test with the switch in the 10wpm position and the 0.=
5km range I'd managed before was achieved using the 80cm loop and the 20m=
 baseline earth electrodes.
   =20

QRSS3 DX

Now here comes the real fun. At this point I decided to take my loop, prea=
mp and laptop equipped with Spectran out into the field to see what I coul=
d see/hear.=20

*   My first location was a field 0.75km south of the QTH just out of the=
 village. Although nothing could be heard, the QRSS trace was solid on the=
 screen.=20
*   Next step was to proceed further south along the Heath Road out of Bur=
well (QTH JO02dg) to a point 2.5km away from the QTH. Again, with Spectran=
, a good signal was visible on the screen. At one point when rotating the=
 loop I could hear the signal too.
   =20
*   The next test was to go out of the village on a different road (toward=
s Cambridge) to a car park adjacent to the Devils Dyke. This was 1.4km awa=
y from the TX but about 40 degrees further to the west than the earlier te=
st locations. Immediately the loop was set up (leaning against the back of=
 the car) a good clear signal was visible, again no audible signal though.=
=20
*   At this point I decided to "go for broke" and drove down another rural=
 lane to a roadside spot 3.6km away from home, but in the direction of fir=
e of the TX earth electrode loop. Setting up beside the country lane I cou=
ld see the QRSS signal on the screen!! Best orientation was with the loop=
 orthogonal to the village, which by now was too far away to see over the=
 slightly rising ground.=20

At this point my laptop batteries were dying and I had to get some food fo=
r my wife for tea, so I packed up and came home, very happy.

CONCLUSIONS


*   Going from 10wpm CW to QRSS3 has made an amazing difference: signals=
 that cannot be heard are visible, and at decent distances. This is a new=
 experience for me, but not others here.
   =20
*   The free running sidetone oscillator in the K1EL keyer is fine for QRS=
S3, certainly for tests of about 1-2 hours long.
   =20
*   I suspect some "utility coupling" is going on, although at the further=
est point loop orientation did line up with the village. Is the signal pro=
pagating along the water pipes to some extent?
   =20
*   With "utility coupling" I suspect that getting a report from G6ALB in=
 the next village will already be possible on VLF as I've already heard my=
 signal at a greater distance than he is from me.=20
*   At VLF, I am wondering just how far is possible in semi-rural areas wi=
th manageable 50Hz noise levels (it is well filtered in my RX) and with so=
me degree of "utility coupling" which is inevitable in today's world where=
 pipes and wires criss-cross everywhere.=20
*   Even with just 4W and QRSS, remarkable distances can be achieved. Clea=
rly I could get further than 3.6km already with the same equipment at each=
 end.
   =20

NEXT STEPS


*   I need a location right out in the wilds (a bit hard to find in SE Eng=
land) for further tests, to see what performance is like without any coupl=
ing into water pipes etc..=20
   =20
*   Add the screen shots and audio clips to the sub-9kHz webpage <http://s=
ites.google.com/site/g3xbmqrp/Home/earthmode> .=20
*   Increase the area of the TX loop part that is in the air as this could=
 add another 3dB to signal level.=20
*   More power? Loops at both ends? ....?
   =20

73s
Roger G3XBM
--=20
http://g3xbm-qrp.blogspot.com/
http://www.g3xbm.co.uk <http://www.g3xbm.co.uk/>=20
http://www.youtube.com/user/g3xbm
G3XBM    GQRP 1678      ISWL G11088

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