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Date: Wed, 3 Feb 2010 01:52:04 +0100
Message-ID: <38A51B74B884D74083D7950AD0DD85E82A1AD5@File-Server-HST.hst.e-technik.tu-darmstadt.de>
Thread-Topic: LF: Loop preamp with the BF862 / optical link
Thread-Index: AcqkCNpGt+IduJZAR5CirjCxAM/NqQAXhQqs
References: <12077821.1264946261487.JavaMail.root@wamui-cynical.atl.sa.earthlink.net> <38A51B74B884D74083D7950AD0DD85E82A1ACF@File-Server-HST.hst.e-technik.tu-darmstadt.de> <4C25D51A6FE646D5B8D9D37C87EA6BBC@lindavideo> <02E3EF3F48994AB88A1489042CE7EA02@JimPC> <284438.50947.qm@web87001.mail.ird.yahoo.com>
From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Stefan_Sch=E4fer?= <schaefer@hst.tu-darmstadt.de>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
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Subject: AW: LF: Loop preamp with the BF862 / optical link
Sender: owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
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Reply-To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org


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Hello Jim, Andy, Sam, Ken, Group ;-)
=20
Excellent comments! Thank you for these explanations. I see, it is your bu=
siness.
And what i read tells me, that the optic way cannot be the wrong in princi=
ple.=20
=20
Recently i even got a mail from a OM who was going qrt due to the (local)=
 qrm and waked up now with much interest and hope. Perhaps he will be reac=
tivated by the optic way? I any case, it is an interesting alternative.
=20
As i started with the optical way i compared the TX LED with a normal p-n-=
junction of a bipolar transistor (base-emitter). Since bipolar transistors=
 are also used in preamps (although with much less power gain, so with the=
 need for a pre-preamp) and there has to be find a operating point where=
 the junction behaves linear (with the strongest signal that can occur at=
 the input) i thought this is comparable to the LED. And a bipolar transis=
tor also has its noise figure. So i just tried and was surprised by the re=
sults.=20
=20
Perhaps you could also give some practical ideas for an LF application. It=
's always interesting to get some alternatives.
=20
CU, Stefan/DK7FC
=20
=20

________________________________

Von: owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org im Auftrag von SAM JEWELL
Gesendet: Di 02.02.2010 13:25
An: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Betreff: Re: LF: Loop preamp with the BF862 / optical link


Folks,
I think it is worth pointing out that most cable TV systems use fibre link=
s, at least as far as the cabinet. The light (laser) is amplitude modulate=
d with the RF carrier(s) at the cable head end or regional Centre. These=
 carriers are usually locally generated but can also be from directly off-=
air if the signal to noise ratio is adequate. The modulation index can be=
 held quite high for a single carrier, progressively reducing for multiple=
 carriers in order to minimize intermodulation between carriers. Ultimatel=
y, with many carriers, the modulation spectrum will be noise-like. Those=
 of you who have  worked with the old telecom carrier based systems will=
 recognise the same characteristics.=20

The earliest cable (HFC) systems carried AM VSB signals in the VHF and UHF=
 frequency range in their native transmission format with minimal distorio=
n and added noise. Digital modulation (using QAM modulation, but still amp=
litude modulation of the light) came later.

>From the laser (or LED) input to photodiode/PIN/APD output there will be=
 a certain link loss and system noise figure. If the system parameters are=
  known, this can be modelled using e.g. AppCAD, Noisecalc. In some system=
s signal to noise ratio is critical. For LF systems, where there is a fair=
ly high noise level, it may be far less critical (famous last words).
Not all fibre systems use digital modulation of the light, although in mos=
t cases it is still amplitude modulation.

I should also point out that fibre is often used to carry the RF and IF si=
gnals from the SHF rooms (at the back of the big dishes) at satellite eart=
h stations across the site to the demodulation and signal processing build=
ings, in preference to using waveguide, as was done many years ago. Whilst=
 working at BT Research Labs my team produced one of the first radio over=
 fibre test systems for BT's Goonhilly and Madley Earth stations. These ea=
rly fibre links used multimode 50/125u fibre and multimode lasers.

As I mentioned in an earlier posting, microwave and LF are just the adjace=
nt ends of the spectrum. Not opposite ends!


73 de Sam, G4DDK






________________________________

From: James Moritz <james.moritz@btopenworld.com>
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Sent: Tuesday, 2 February, 2010 11:57:13
Subject: LF: Loop preamp with the BF862 / optical link

Dear Ken, Stefan, LF Group,

If I remember correctly, the components Stefan is discussing use a polymer=
 fibre and are intended for short-distance optical links of a few metres,=
 rather than telecomms-type applications with miles of fibre, so fibre los=
s is not really an issue. The ones I encountered some years ago used visib=
le red LEDs, although I think there were infra-red ones too. The plastic=
 fibre could be simply cut with a sharp knife, and clamped into the emitte=
r/detector components with reasonable results, rather than requiring preci=
sion optical connectors. There is an overview at http://www.avagotech.com/=
docs/AV00-0143EN

Of course, since the optical link is effectively a signal-frequency gain=
 component in the receiver front end, its noise figure will contribute tow=
ards the receiver noise figure. Since the overall efficiency of the electr=
ical/optical/electrical conversion is rather low, with the loss of the fib=
re in addition, there will be much less signal power coming out of the det=
ector than going in to the emitter. Also the detector and emitter will con=
tribute their own noise. So the noise figure of the optical link by itself=
 is probably rather high. But the FET voltage-to-current input stage drivi=
ng the emitter will have a high power gain due to the very high input impe=
dance, which would greatly reduce the impact of noise in the optical link=
 - clearly the overall noise level in Stefan's system is reasonably low.

Most optical links are used with digital signals, so this analogue optical=
 link is quite unusual - as well as noise, distortion products will also=
 be produced by the optical link. But DK7FC's antenna obviously works, so=
 the principle is viable.

Cheers, Jim Moritz
73 de M0BMU


----- Original Message ----- From: "Ken" <ken.h.wright@btinternet.com>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Sent: Monday, February 01, 2010 5:56 PM
Subject: Re: LF: 2nd try of sending the pic of my loop preamp with the BF8=
62


> Hi Stefan.
> 150dB/km, is a very high loss for modern fibre, even thhe early 850nm mu=
ltimode fibre was only 1 or 2dB /km...=20



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