Return-Path: <owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Received: from mtain-dc01.r1000.mx.aol.com (mtain-dc01.r1000.mx.aol.com [172.29.64.129]) by air-df06.mail.aol.com (v127_r1.1) with ESMTP id MAILINDF063-5ef84b9ec03b33; Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:18:19 -0500
Received: from post.thorcom.com (post.thorcom.com [193.82.116.20])
	by mtain-dc01.r1000.mx.aol.com (Internet Inbound) with ESMTP id 5DC34380000C5;
	Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:18:17 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from majordom by post.thorcom.com with local (Exim 4.14)
	id 1NrJTJ-0000WJ-ST
	for rs_out_1@blacksheep.org; Mon, 15 Mar 2010 23:13:17 +0000
Received: from [193.82.116.32] (helo=relay1.thorcom.net)
	by post.thorcom.com with esmtp (Exim 4.14)
	id 1NrJTJ-0000WA-CT
	for rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org; Mon, 15 Mar 2010 23:13:17 +0000
Received: from imr-da01.mx.aol.com ([205.188.105.143])
	by relay1.thorcom.net with esmtp (Exim 4.63)
	(envelope-from <markusvester@aol.com>)
	id 1NrJTG-0006mU-BT
	for rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org; Mon, 15 Mar 2010 23:13:17 +0000
Received: from mtaout-mb01.r1000.mx.aol.com (mtaout-mb01.r1000.mx.aol.com [172.29.41.65])
	by imr-da01.mx.aol.com (8.14.1/8.14.1) with ESMTP id o2FND0l1017883
	for <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>; Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:13:00 -0400
Received: from Black (g229121179.adsl.alicedsl.de [92.229.121.179])
	by mtaout-mb01.r1000.mx.aol.com (WebSuites/MUA Thirdparty client Interface) with ESMTPA id B0A9FE000101
	for <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>; Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:12:59 -0400 (EDT)
Message-ID: <CFF7007088334878BC0C967CF5AEB4D9@Black>
From: "Markus Vester" <markusvester@aol.com>
To: <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
References: <Pine.LNX.3.95.1100225172510.244A-100000@noname.nodomain.nowhere>
In-Reply-To: <Pine.LNX.3.95.1100225172510.244A-100000@noname.nodomain.nowhere>
Date: Tue, 16 Mar 2010 00:12:14 +0100
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Windows Mail 6.0.6000.16480
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.0.6000.16669
x-aol-global-disposition: G
x-aol-sid: 3039ac1d29414b9ebefb132d
X-Spam-Score: 0.0 (/)
X-Spam-Report: autolearn=disabled,HTML_MESSAGE=0.001
Subject: LF: Ionospheric VLF propagation
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_007A_01CAC49D.551353C0"
X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 2.63 (2004-01-11) on post.thorcom.com
X-Spam-Level: 
X-Spam-Status: No, hits=0.6 required=5.0 tests=HTML_20_30,HTML_MESSAGE,
	MISSING_OUTLOOK_NAME autolearn=no version=2.63
X-SA-Exim-Scanned: Yes
Sender: owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org
X-Listname: rsgb_lf_group
X-SA-Exim-Rcpt-To: rs_out_1@blacksheep.org
X-SA-Exim-Scanned: No; SAEximRunCond expanded to false
x-aol-global-disposition: G
x-aol-sid: 3039ac1d40814b9ec0391d72
X-AOL-IP: 193.82.116.20


------=_NextPart_000_007A_01CAC49D.551353C0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Dear LF,

on the phone, Stefan mentioned that he was running about 0.4 A into th=
e nearly vertical (70=B0), 100 m long kite antenna. Thus radiated powe=
r would be=20

 EMRP =3D 1579 ohm * (0.4 A * sin(70=B0) * 50 m / 33 km)^2 =3D 0.5 mW=
 =3D -3 dBm.

Using 1/distance field decay above lossless flat earth, at 830 km we=
 would expect a field strength

 E =3D -3 + 49.5 - 20 log (830) dBuV/m =3D -12 dBuV/m.

However Paul's calibrated spectrum at 14:38 UT showed a peak B =3D 3.1=
 fT at 8970 Hz, equivalent to an electrical field

 E =3D c * B =3D 0.93 uV/m =3D - 0.5 dBuV/m.

Taking into account a couple of dB's for measurement uncertainties, we=
 are still left with an observed signal very significantly stronger th=
an expected. This seems to support Alexander's statement about a slowe=
r than inverse distance decay in the two-dimensional ionosphere-earth=
 waveguide.

On http://freenet-homepage.de/df6nm/vlf/vlf_DHO_dualfreq.htm , I have=
 another observation pointing out an ionospheric effect on VLF. In 200=
6, the German naval transmitter DHO38, normally on 23.4 kHz, was simul=
taneously transmitting on 18.5 kHz as well. Surprisingly the fieldstre=
ngths and the diurnal patterns for the two frequencies appeared to be=
 completely different, presumably due to different phaseshifts between=
 ground and skywave component.

Best regards,
MArkus (DF6NM)

  ----- Original Message -----=20
  From: Alexander S. Yurkov=20
  To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org=20
  Sent: Thursday, February 25, 2010 6:53 PM
  Subject: Re: LF: AW: 9 Dreamers


  Hellow, Stefan.

  > If that calculation is reasonably correct, what distance could be=
=20
  > reached with 1,4mW @ 8,9 kHz=20

  With such a condition you'll get about 2.5 uV/m at 100 km. Seems it=
 can be
  recievid. If there is no atmospheric and industrial noise it should=
 be
  very strong signal. But all depends on noise on 9 kHz. I have no ide=
as
  about noise on 9 kHz. I neglet ionosphere in estimations. But at D=
=3D100 km
  it should be approximately right.=20

  Anyway if you can use 100 m high antenna then few of 100's km you sh=
ould
  reach. May be substantionally more. For large distances dependance=
 of E
  on D changes. On the distances more then ~100 km field should have
  behaviour E ~ sqrt(1/D). This yelds only 10 dB attenuation if distan=
ce
  became 10 times more. Thus if you'll have 20 dB over noise at 100 km=
 (if
  noise is 0.25 uV/m for example) then you'll have ~10 dB over noise=
 at 1000
  km. =20

  Do it if you have such an oportunity! It is very interesting.

  Regards,
  Alexander

------=_NextPart_000_007A_01CAC49D.551353C0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-88=
59-1">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16982" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Dear&nbsp;LF,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>on the phone, Stefan mentioned that=
 he was running=20
about 0.4&nbsp;A&nbsp;into the nearly vertical (70=B0), 100 m long kit=
e=20
antenna.&nbsp;Thus radiated power would be </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp;EMRP =3D&nbsp;1579 ohm&nbsp;*=
 (0.4 A * sin(70=B0)=20
* 50 m&nbsp;/ 33 km)^2&nbsp;=3D 0.5 mW =3D -3 dBm.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Using 1/distance field decay above lo=
ssless flat=20
earth,&nbsp;at 830 km we&nbsp;would expect a field strength</FONT></DI=
V>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp;E =3D -3 + 49.5 - 20 log (830)=
 dBuV/m =3D -12=20
dBuV/m.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>However Paul's calibrated spectrum at=
 14:38 UT=20
showed&nbsp;a peak B =3D 3.1 fT at 8970 Hz, equivalent to&nbsp;an elec=
trical=20
field</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp;E =3D c * B =3D 0.93 uV/m =3D=
 - 0.5=20
dBuV/m.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Taking into account&nbsp;a couple of=
 dB's=20
for&nbsp;measurement uncertainties, we are still left with an observed=
 signal=20
very significantly stronger than expected. This seems t</FONT><FONT fa=
ce=3DArial   size=3D2>o&nbsp;support&nbsp;Alexander's&nbsp;statement&n=
bsp;about&nbsp;a slower=20
than inverse distance&nbsp;decay in the two-dimensional&nbsp;ionospher=
e-earth=20
waveguide.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>On&nbsp;<FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><=
A   href=3D"http://freenet-homepage.de/df6nm/vlf/vlf_DHO_dualfreq.htm"=
>http://freenet-homepage.de/df6nm/vlf/vlf_DHO_dualfreq.htm</A></FONT>=
=20
, I have&nbsp;another observation&nbsp;pointing out&nbsp;an ionospheri=
c effect=20
on&nbsp;VLF. In 2006,&nbsp;the German naval transmitter DHO38, normall=
y on 23.4=20
kHz, was&nbsp;simultaneously transmitting&nbsp;on 18.5 kHz as=20
well.&nbsp;Surprisingly the fieldstrengths and the diurnal patterns fo=
r the two=20
frequencies appeared to be&nbsp;completely different, presumably due=
 to=20
different phaseshifts between ground and skywave component.</FONT></DI=
V>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Best regards,</DIV>
<DIV>MArkus (DF6NM)</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></DIV></FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE   style=3D"PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-L=
EFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
  <DIV     style=3D"BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color:=
 black"><B>From:</B>=20
  <A title=3Dfitec@omskcity.com href=3D"mailto:fitec@omskcity.com">Ale=
xander S.=20
  Yurkov</A> </DIV>
  <DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A title=3Drsgb_lf_group@=
blacksheep.org     href=3D"mailto:rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org">rsgb_l=
f_group@blacksheep.org</A>=20
  </DIV>
  <DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Thursday, February 25,=
 2010 6:53=20
  PM</DIV>
  <DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: LF: AW: 9 Dreame=
rs</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>=
</FONT><FONT     face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT><BR></DIV>Hellow, Stefan=
.<BR><BR>&gt; If that=20
  calculation is reasonably correct, what distance could be <BR>&gt;=
 reached=20
  with 1,4mW @ 8,9 kHz <BR><BR>With such a condition you'll get about=
 2.5 uV/m=20
  at 100 km. Seems it can be<BR>recievid. If there is no atmospheric=
 and=20
  industrial noise it should be<BR>very strong signal. But all depends=
 on noise=20
  on 9 kHz. I have no ideas<BR>about noise on 9 kHz. I neglet ionosphe=
re in=20
  estimations. But at D=3D100 km<BR>it should be approximately right.=
=20
  <BR><BR>Anyway if you can use 100 m high antenna then few of 100's=
 km you=20
  should<BR>reach. May be substantionally more. For large distances de=
pendance=20
  of E<BR>on D changes. On the distances more then ~100 km field shoul=
d=20
  have<BR>behaviour E ~ sqrt(1/D). This yelds only 10 dB attenuation=
 if=20
  distance<BR>became 10 times more. Thus if you'll have 20 dB over noi=
se at 100=20
  km (if<BR>noise is 0.25 uV/m for example) then you'll have ~10 dB ov=
er noise=20
  at 1000<BR>km.&nbsp; <BR><BR>Do it if you have such an oportunity!=
 It is very=20
  interesting.<BR><BR>Regards,<BR>Alexander<BR></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></H=
TML>

------=_NextPart_000_007A_01CAC49D.551353C0--