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[195.171.43.25]) by mx.google.com with ESMTP id o15si12983357wjr.159.2014.03.08.03.36.48 for ; Sat, 08 Mar 2014 03:36:48 -0800 (PST) Received-SPF: neutral (google.com: 195.171.43.25 is neither permitted nor denied by best guess record for domain of owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org) client-ip=195.171.43.25; Authentication-Results: mx.google.com; spf=neutral (google.com: 195.171.43.25 is neither permitted nor denied by best guess record for domain of owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org) smtp.mail=owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org; dkim=pass header.i=@mx.aol.com Received: from majordom by post.thorcom.com with local (Exim 4.14) id 1WMEwK-0002zs-V6 for rs_out_1@blacksheep.org; Sat, 08 Mar 2014 10:57:12 +0000 Received: from [195.171.43.32] (helo=relay1.thorcom.net) by post.thorcom.com with esmtp (Exim 4.14) id 1WMEwK-0002zj-BD for rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org; Sat, 08 Mar 2014 10:57:12 +0000 Received: from omr-m07.mx.aol.com ([64.12.143.81]) by relay1.thorcom.net with esmtps (TLSv1:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:256) (Exim 4.82) (envelope-from ) id 1WMEwH-0004bJ-9K for rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org; Sat, 08 Mar 2014 10:57:11 +0000 Received: from mtaout-mbe01.mx.aol.com (mtaout-mbe01.mx.aol.com [172.26.254.173]) by omr-m07.mx.aol.com (Outbound Mail Relay) with ESMTP id D87E970035457 for ; Sat, 8 Mar 2014 05:57:06 -0500 (EST) Received: from White (95-91-237-52-dynip.superkabel.de [95.91.237.52]) by mtaout-mbe01.mx.aol.com (MUA/Third Party Client Interface) with ESMTPA id F0D783800008C for ; Sat, 8 Mar 2014 05:57:03 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <850A470A5B9F4483BED8B49D4791044A@White> From: "Markus Vester" To: References: <2662DF5AA7FA416CBB09CDB90BBFF7B1@White> <016101cf39df$4f4c89a0$ede59ce0$@comcast.net>, <01dc01cf3a3f$86997bb0$93cc7310$@comcast.net>, <2FC5CAB271A6437CB35A5B100185CEDA@White> <025101cf3a52$e0925750$a1b705f0$@comcast.net> <7DB9DD5669FC4C648838510DCAC08AFB@White> <531A506E.9040103@abelian.org> <531A5C19.9060209@abelian.org> <02ba01cf3aa3$debaad50$9c3007f0$@comcast.net> <531AF126.2060600@abelian.org> Date: Sat, 8 Mar 2014 11:57:02 +0100 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal Importance: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Windows Live Mail 12.0.1606 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V12.0.1606 x-aol-global-disposition: G DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=mx.aol.com; s=20121107; t=1394276226; bh=/HCrz0+pY+D2rg3mawxljozWWIqQkeUHJsw/iTwTgZE=; h=From:To:Subject:Message-ID:Date:MIME-Version:Content-Type; b=r9/py+A+86wf/D/zJrFD6hr7kl9Q5O7yy3xgk9+SiSc58fR9f2ye9MetQEx9lCLdC FS2p/wYENSynqfMeQ9EDOL047x9LoqzluXis09YeuJrGGKO0lbWA24YGdx8UGqT9w8 dOvLGwwBDlZuQ7L2uDvyzKXeAVC3b1ogyR9L0zok= x-aol-sid: 3039ac1afead531af77f3ef6 X-AOL-IP: 95.91.237.52 X-Spam-Score: 0.0 (/) X-Spam-Report: Spam detection software, running on the system "relay1.thorcom.net", has identified this incoming email as possible spam. The original message has been attached to this so you can view it (if it isn't spam) or label similar future email. If you have any questions, see the administrator of that system for details. Content preview: Paul, thanks very much, these are impressive plots. Some time ago Peter Schnoor had posted similar annual graphs for 75 kHz http://lf-radio.de/misc/hbg/chart_all.png and 135.43 kHz http://df3lp.de/misc/hga22/, but yours are the first I have seen for low frequencies. [...] Content analysis details: (0.0 points, 5.0 required) pts rule name description ---- ---------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -0.0 RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE RBL: Sender listed at http://www.dnswl.org/, no trust [64.12.143.81 listed in list.dnswl.org] 0.0 FREEMAIL_FROM Sender email is commonly abused enduser mail provider (markusvester[at]aol.com) -0.0 T_RP_MATCHES_RCVD Envelope sender domain matches handover relay domain -0.0 SPF_PASS SPF: sender matches SPF record 0.0 HTML_MESSAGE BODY: HTML included in message 0.0 T_DKIM_INVALID DKIM-Signature header exists but is not valid X-Scan-Signature: 91e1efbff209cbddb14bc9e018c2cfe8 Subject: Re: LF: Daytime 29.499 kHz Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0008_01CF3AC5.847915D0" X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 2.63 (2004-01-11) on post.thorcom.com X-Spam-Level: * X-Spam-Status: No, hits=2.0 required=5.0 tests=HTML_30_40,HTML_MESSAGE, MAILTO_TO_SPAM_ADDR,MISSING_OUTLOOK_NAME autolearn=no version=2.63 X-SA-Exim-Scanned: Yes Sender: owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Precedence: bulk Reply-To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org X-Listname: rsgb_lf_group X-SA-Exim-Rcpt-To: rs_out_1@blacksheep.org X-SA-Exim-Scanned: No; SAEximRunCond expanded to false Dies ist eine mehrteilige Nachricht im MIME-Format. ------=_NextPart_000_0008_01CF3AC5.847915D0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Paul, thanks very much, these are impressive plots. Some time ago Peter = Schnoor had posted similar annual graphs for 75 kHz = http://lf-radio.de/misc/hbg/chart_all.png and 135.43 kHz = http://df3lp.de/misc/hga22/, but yours are the first I have seen for low = frequencies. There seems to be a wealth of information in there. Generally there is = more day (blue) than night (orange), presumably due to longer days at = high altitudes. In June, the geometrical shift between eariest sunrise = and latest sunset (Analemma) is quite obvious. Some singular features = like outages and SIDs seem to be a bit smeared out, looks like you have = applied some averaging over consecutive. BTW I'm wondering how you generate these a-posteriori plots, are you = continuously saving all raw data from your VLF loops? If I get the = numbers right, two channels with 96 kHz samplerate would deliver about a = terabyte per month - you must have accumulated a neat stack of harddisks = ;-) =20 Best 73, Markus From: Paul Nicholson=20 Sent: Saturday, March 08, 2014 11:29 AM To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org=20 Subject: Re: LF: Daytime 29.499 kHz Yes Jim the 'z' scale is proportional to amplitude (flux density), not power. I completely agree with your interpretation of the plot - - The nighttime window doesn't quite close and even in high summer we still have couple of useful hours. - In compensation for the short night, the daytime propagation improves: better and longer, and by July, midday levels are about 6dB below the March nighttime. We should consider 'midday' to be relative to the center of the path. For comparison, NAA for two more years http://abelian.org/vlf/tmp/naa_2012a.png http://abelian.org/vlf/tmp/naa_2011a.png Looks pretty repeatable year to year. As Alan mentioned, the midday 'dome' is a feature of most long range diurnals. For example, NAU (Aguada) at 40.8 kHz for 2012 and 2013 http://abelian.org/vlf/tmp/nau_2012a.png http://abelian.org/vlf/tmp/nau_2013a.png Path length to NAU is 6740km, NAA is 4672km. Going eastwards, TBB (Bafa, Turkey) on 26.7 kHz range 2883km http://abelian.org/vlf/tmp/tbb_2013a.png shows that it's not just an east-to-west feature. During flares, the signal is always enhanced which confirms that the dome improves with ionisation. The midday dome is essentially D-layer propagation. D-layer is formed by solar radiation (mostly nitric oxide ionised by Lyman alpha) with a reflection height of around 70km. At night this layer dissipates and reflection occurs from the E-layer at 95 km or thereabouts. Away from midday we have a mixture of the two, with E-layer reflections being attenuated by passage through a partially formed D-layer. The D layer is a good reflector when fully formed but being lower, more hops are required to cover a path. -- Paul Nicholson -- From: Paul Nicholson=20 Sent: Saturday, March 08, 2014 12:54 AM To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org=20 Subject: Re: LF: Daytime 29.499 kHz Plot of variation of NAA diurnal amplitude for year 2013. http://abelian.org/vlf/tmp/naa_2013a.png Dark areas are where NAA was off. White areas are when my equipment was down. -- Paul Nicholson -- ------=_NextPart_000_0008_01CF3AC5.847915D0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Paul,
 
thanks very much, these = are impressive plots.=20 Some time ago Peter Schnoor had posted similar annual graphs for 75 = kHz http://lf-radio.de/mis= c/hbg/chart_all.png and=20 135.43 kHz http://df3lp.de/misc/hga22/,=20 but yours are the first I have seen for low = frequencies.
 
There seems to be a wealth of = information in there.=20 Generally there is more day (blue) than night (orange), presumably due=20 to longer days at high altitudes. In June, the geometrical = shift=20 between eariest sunrise and latest sunset (Analemma) is quite obvious.=20 Some singular features like = outages and SIDs=20 seem to be a bit smeared out, looks like you have applied some = averaging over consecutive.
 
BTW I'm wondering how you generate = these=20 a-posteriori plots, are you continuously saving all raw data = from your=20 VLF loops? If I get the numbers right, two channels with 96 kHz=20 samplerate would deliver about a terabyte per month - you = must=20 have accumulated a neat stack of harddisks = ;-)   
 
Best 73,
Markus

From: Paul Nicholson
Sent: Saturday, March 08, 2014 11:29 AM
To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org= =20
Subject: Re: LF: Daytime 29.499 kHz

Yes Jim the 'z' scale = is=20 proportional to amplitude (flux
density), not power.

I = completely=20 agree with your interpretation of the plot -

  - The = nighttime=20 window doesn't quite close and even
    in high summer = we=20 still have couple of useful hours.

  - In compensation for = the short=20 night, the daytime propagation
    improves: better = and=20 longer, and by July, midday levels
    are about 6dB = below the=20 March nighttime.

We should consider 'midday' to be relative to = the center=20 of the path.

For comparison, NAA for two more years

  = http://abelian.org/vlf/= tmp/naa_2012a.png
 =20 http://abelian.org/vlf/= tmp/naa_2011a.png

Looks=20 pretty repeatable year to year.

As Alan mentioned, the midday = 'dome' is a=20 feature of most long
range diurnals.   For example, NAU = (Aguada) at=20 40.8 kHz for
2012 and 2013

  http://abelian.org/vlf/= tmp/nau_2012a.png
 =20 http://abelian.org/vlf/= tmp/nau_2013a.png

Path=20 length to NAU is 6740km, NAA is 4672km.

Going eastwards, TBB = (Bafa,=20 Turkey) on 26.7 kHz range 2883km

  http://abelian.org/vlf/= tmp/tbb_2013a.png

shows=20 that it's not just an east-to-west feature.

During flares, the = signal is=20 always enhanced which confirms
that the dome improves with=20 ionisation.

The midday dome is essentially D-layer = propagation. =20 D-layer is
formed by solar radiation (mostly nitric oxide ionised by=20 Lyman
alpha) with a reflection height of around 70km.   At = night=20 this
layer dissipates and reflection occurs from the E-layer at
95 = km or=20 thereabouts.  Away from midday we have a mixture of
the two, = with=20 E-layer reflections being attenuated by passage
through a partially = formed=20 D-layer.

The D layer is a good reflector when fully formed but=20 being
lower, more hops are required to cover a path.
--
Paul=20 Nicholson
--

From: Paul=20 Nicholson
Sent: Saturday, March 08, 2014 12:54 AM
Subject: Re: LF: Daytime 29.499 kHz


Plot of variation = of NAA=20 diurnal amplitude for year 2013.

  http://abelian.org/vlf/tm= p/naa_2013a.png

Dark=20 areas are where NAA was off.  White areas are when my
equipment = was=20 down.

--
Paul Nicholson
--

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