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The original message has been attached to this so you can view it or label similar future email. If you have any questions, see @@CONTACT_ADDRESS@@ for details. Content preview: Hi Stefan > The trace appears to be a bit shorter... This is interesting! The attached enlarged screenshot is a comparison from DL0YHF (top) DL0AO (bottom), with same timescale. We find that DL0AO was fading out towards the end, whereas the DL0AO t [...] Content analysis details: (0.0 points, 5.0 required) pts rule name description ---- ---------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -0.0 RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE RBL: Sender listed at http://www.dnswl.org/, no trust [74.6.129.82 listed in list.dnswl.org] -0.0 RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_H2 RBL: Average reputation (+2) [74.6.129.82 listed in wl.mailspike.net] -0.0 SPF_PASS SPF: sender matches SPF record 0.0 FREEMAIL_FROM Sender email is commonly abused enduser mail provider (markusvester[at]aol.com) 0.0 HTML_MESSAGE BODY: HTML included in message 0.0 T_DKIM_INVALID DKIM-Signature header exists but is not valid X-Scan-Signature: 962f2daa83886715a5d650b1c8628c8a Subject: Re: ULF: Carrier on 2470.01 Hz Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="----=_Part_12934663_466430529.1546608823719" X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 2.63 (2004-01-11) on post.thorcom.com X-Spam-Level: *** X-Spam-Status: No, hits=3.2 required=5.0 tests=FORGED_MUA_MOZILLA,HTML_20_30, HTML_MESSAGE autolearn=no version=2.63 X-SA-Exim-Scanned: Yes Sender: owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Precedence: bulk Reply-To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org X-Listname: rsgb_lf_group X-SA-Exim-Rcpt-To: rs_out_1@blacksheep.org X-SA-Exim-Scanned: No; SAEximRunCond expanded to false ------=_Part_12934663_466430529.1546608823719 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_Part_12934662_2050795640.1546608823716" ------=_Part_12934662_2050795640.1546608823716 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Hi Stefan > The trace appears to be a bit shorter... This is interesting! The attached enlarged screenshot is=C2=A0a comparison = from DL0YHF (top) DL0AO (bottom), with=C2=A0same timescale.=C2=A0We find th= at DL0AO=C2=A0was fading=C2=A0out towards the end, whereas the DL0AO trace = seemed to be=C2=A0becoming stronger.=20 I suspect that this may again be due to skywave cancellation.=C2=A0During t= he afternoon hours (13 to 15 h local time), solar elevation slowly decrease= s and the height of the ionosphere goes up, increasing the path difference = to groundwave.=C2=A0Thus the null=C2=A0will=C2=A0be moving out to=C2=A0larg= er distances where=C2=A0skywave is less steep, reducing=C2=A0path differenc= e again. However the numbers don't quite match:=C2=A0For 300 km distance an= d 70 km iono height, Pythagoras=C2=A0calculates about=C2=A031 km or 0.25 la= mbda difference. So we=C2=A0would need to assume an additional=C2=A0-90=C2= =B0 phase=C2=A0lag=C2=A0from the reflection.=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=20 If I remember right, Jim's FDTD calculations also showed a=C2=A0sharp minim= um at 2.5 kHz and 200 km.=C2=A0Thus we may be optimistic and hope that=C2= =A0propagation=C2=A0will=C2=A0improve when you go to even=C2=A0lower freque= ncies.=C2=A0 Best 73, Markus (DF6NM) -----Urspr=C3=BCngliche Mitteilung----- Von: DK7FC An: rsgb_lf_group Verschickt: Do, 3. Jan. 2019 19:53 Betreff: Re: ULF: Carrier on 2470.01 Hz Here is a spectrogram=C2=A0 (attached) showing the reprocessed data of theV= LF stream of DL4YHF.=20 The 2470.01 Hz carrier leaves a clear trace, not as strong as on 2970Hz but= clearly there. The trace appears to be a bit shorter, maybe dueto higher Q= RN levels which were blanked or due to a loss of thereference signal (unlik= ely). The first hour of the transmission produced a 18 dB SNR peak. Addingthe sec= ond hour of the transmission made the result even a bit worse. 313 km distance on the 121 km band, that's ~ 2.6 wavelengths crossed... 73, Stefan Am 01.01.2019 15:05, schrieb DK7FC: =20 Thanks Markus, ULF, =20 Again, congrats to the DL0AO crew for the latest record. We areoperating on= the 121 km band and crossed a distance of 283 km,or 2.3 wavelengths!! Cert= ainly this has never been done before byamateurs. DL0AO has now a new lowest frequency for a amateur signal detection :-)=20 =20 Unfortunately i slept too long this morning and so i started theexperiment = to late. I see the QRN is already increasing now and it hasbeen lower in th= e early morning. Maybe, the next weekend we could try1.97 kHz but then with= an earlier start time. Here, the experiment is still running and i can hear the FETs beeping.Due t= o the relatively low ambient temperature, the accu voltage droppedto 11.5 V= now and i have a remaining charge of 25.( AH or 21%. Theantenna current dr= opped to 2.6 A now. 5 minutes left, then i will goQRT. =20 73 from the car, Stefan =20 =20 =20 Am 01.01.2019 13:55, schrieb Markus Vester:=20 Again a very good signal at DL0AO, about 12 dB in 1.5 * 424uHz: =20 https://vlf.u01.de/ https://vlf.u01.de/VLFgrabber/vlf5.jpg =20 We're=C2=A0also running a 47 uHz instance in the background, stillshowing= =C2=A0yesterday's experiment:=C2=A0 https://vlf.u01.de/VLFgrabber/vlf9.jpg =20 What a splendid start into the New Year! =20 Best wishes to all, Markus (DF6NM) =20 -----Urspr=C3=BCngliche Mitteilung----- Von: DK7FC An: rsgb_lf_group Verschickt: Di, 1. Jan. 2019 13:40 Betreff: ULF: Carrier on 2470.01 Hz =20 Hi ULF, =20 Due to the recent success on 2970 Hz i am now TXing again on my ground=20 loop antenna. This time, since 12:08 UTC i am transmitting on 2470.01=20 Hz. Again the TX power is 520 W and i'm getting 2.75 A antenna current.=20 This time i need 1.72 uF for series resonating the antenna. As usual, i=20 intend to run the carrier for 2 hours. Reports are very much apprechiated :-) Unfortunately my own tree is shut down but i'm recording the stream of=20 DL4YHF and IK1QFK again. Also the DL0AO crew is watching and recording.=20 Maybe even Paul will get something significant? =20 With some luck, 2.47 kHz may propagate even better than 2.97 kHz ??=20 Optimism is the key word for the year! =20 Oh and attached is a spectrogram produced from the stream of DL4YHF,=20 showing my signal on 2.97 kHz. The SNR is far better than i ever=20 expected from such an antenna! See attachment. A long message couldhave=20 been transferred over this 313 km path! =20 =20 Happy new year 2019 to all of you. =20 73, Stefan=20 =20 =20 ------=_Part_12934662_2050795640.1546608823716 Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Hi Stefan

> The trace appears to = be a bit shorter...

This is interesting! The attached enlarged scree= nshot is a comparison from DL0YHF (top) DL0AO (bottom), with same= timescale. We find that DL0AO was fading out towards the en= d, whereas the DL0AO trace seemed to be becoming stronger.

I s= uspect that this may again be due to skywave cancellation. During the = afternoon hours (13 to 15 h local time), solar elevation slowly decreases a= nd the height of the ionosphere goes up, increasing the path difference to = groundwave. Thus the null will be moving out to larger = distances where skywave is less steep, reducing path difference a= gain. However the numbers don't quite match: For 300 km distance and 7= 0 km iono height, Pythagoras calculates about 31 km or 0.25 lambd= a difference. So we would need to assume an additional -90=C2=B0 = phase lag from the reflection.   

If I rem= ember right, Jim's FDTD calculations also showed a sharp minimum at 2.= 5 kHz and 200 km. Thus we may be optimistic and hope that propaga= tion will improve when you go to even lower frequencies.&nbs= p;

Best 73,
Markus (DF6NM)


<= br abp=3D"2805">-----Urspr=C3=BCngliche Mitteilung-----
Von= : DK7FC <selberdenken@posteo.de>
An: rsgb_lf_group &l= t;rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Verschickt: Do, 3. Jan. = 2019 19:53
Betreff: Re: ULF: Carrier on 2470.01 Hz

Here is a spectrogram  (attached) showing the reprocessed data of the VLF stream of DL4YHF.
The 2470.01 Hz carrier leaves a clear trace, not as strong as on 2970 Hz but clearly there. The trace appears to be a bit shorter, maybe due to higher QRN levels which were blanked or due to a loss of the reference signal (unlikely).
The first hour of the transmission produced a 18 dB SNR peak. Adding the second hour of the transmission made the result even a bit worse.
313 km distance on the 121 km band, that's ~ 2.6 wavelengths crossed...

73, Stefan




Am 01.01.2019 15:05, schrieb DK7FC:
Thanks Markus, ULF,

Again, congrats to the DL0AO crew for the latest record. We are operating on the 121 km band and crossed a distance of = 283 km, or 2.3 wavelengths!! Certainly this has never been done before by amateurs.
DL0AO has now a new lowest frequency for a amateur signal detection :-)

Unfortunately i slept too long this morning and so i started the experiment to late. I see the QRN is already increasing now and it has been lower in the early morning. Maybe, the next weekend we could try 1.97 kHz but then with an earlier start time.
Here, the experiment is still running and i can hear the FETs beeping. Due to the relatively low ambient temperature, the accu voltage dropped to 11.5 V now and i have a remaining charge of 25.( AH or 21%. The antenna current dropped to 2.6 A now. 5 minutes left, then i will go QRT.

73 from the car,
Stefan



Am 01.01.2019 13:55, schrieb Markus Vester:
Again a very good signal at DL0AO, about 12 = dB in 1.5 * 424 uHz:

https://vlf.u01.de/
https://vlf.u01.de/VLFgrabber/vlf5.jpg

We're also running a 47 uHz instance in the background, still showing yesterday's experiment: 
https://vlf.u01.de/VLFgrabber/vlf9.jpg

What a splendid start into the New Year!

Best wishes to all,
Markus (DF6NM)

-----Urspr=C3=BCngliche Mitteilung-----
Von: DK7FC <selber= denken@posteo.de>
An: rsgb_lf_group <rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org>
Verschickt: Di, 1. Jan. 2019 13:40
Betreff: ULF: Carrier on 2470.01 Hz

Hi ULF,

Due to the recent success on 2970 Hz i am now TXing again on my ground
loop antenna. This time, since 12:08 UTC i am transmitting on 2470.01
Hz. Again the TX power is 520 W and i'm getting 2.75 A antenna current.
This time i need 1.72 uF for series resonating the antenna. As usual, i
intend to run the carrier for 2 hours.
Reports are very much apprechiated :-)
Unfortunately my own tree is shut down but i'm recording the stream of
DL4YHF and IK1QFK again. Also the DL0AO crew is watching and recording.
Maybe even Paul will get something significant?

With some luck, 2.47 kHz may propagate even better than 2.97 kHz ??
Optimism is the key word for the year!

Oh and attached is a spectrogram produced from the stream of DL4YHF,
showing my signal on 2.97 kHz. The SNR is far better than i ever
expected from such an antenna! See attachment. A long message could have
been transferred over this 313 km path!


Happy new year 2019 to all of you.

73, Stefan



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