Return-Path: Received: (qmail 9122 invoked from network); 25 Aug 2004 09:39:14 -0000 Received: from unknown (HELO ptb-spamcore02.plus.net) (192.168.71.3) by ptb-mailstore01.plus.net with SMTP; 25 Aug 2004 09:39:14 -0000 Received: from mailnull by ptb-spamcore02.plus.net with spamcore-l-b (Exim 4.32; FreeBSD) id 1BzuLG-000Idy-U4 for dave@picks.force9.co.uk; Wed, 25 Aug 2004 10:45:19 +0100 Received: from [192.168.67.3] (helo=ptb-mxcore03.plus.net) by ptb-spamcore02.plus.net with esmtp (Exim 4.32; FreeBSD) id 1BzuLE-000IdH-R2 for dave@picks.force9.co.uk; Wed, 25 Aug 2004 10:45:17 +0100 Received: from post.thorcom.com ([193.82.116.20]) by ptb-mxcore03.plus.net with esmtp (Exim) id 1BzuFK-0002qz-NZ for dave@picks.force9.co.uk; Wed, 25 Aug 2004 10:39:10 +0100 Received: from majordom by post.thorcom.com with local (Exim 4.14) id 1BzuEg-0003W8-1F for rs_out_1@blacksheep.org; Wed, 25 Aug 2004 10:38:30 +0100 Received: from [193.82.116.30] (helo=relay.thorcom.net) by post.thorcom.com with esmtp (Exim 4.14) id 1BzuEf-0003Vz-M4 for rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org; Wed, 25 Aug 2004 10:38:29 +0100 Received: from ptb-relay02.plus.net ([212.159.14.213]) by relay.thorcom.net with esmtp (Exim 4.41) id 1BzuEc-00060d-5S for rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org; Wed, 25 Aug 2004 10:38:29 +0100 Received: from [212.159.90.113] (helo=Hugh) by ptb-relay02.plus.net with smtp (Exim) id 1BzuEW-000LOG-EL for rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org; Wed, 25 Aug 2004 09:38:20 +0000 Message-ID: <001c01c48a86$7eaf87a0$0a03210a@Hugh> From: "Hugh M0WYE" To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org References: <002501c44c6a$86f27ee0$e901a8c0@bob2l2u6k2n1g3> Date: Wed, 25 Aug 2004 10:32:43 +0100 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 6.00.2800.1437 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2800.1441 X-SPF-Result: relay.thorcom.net: 212.159.14.213 is neither permitted nor denied by domain of thersgb.net X-Spam-Score: 0.0 (/) X-Spam-Report: autolearn=no, Subject: LF: Key Clicks Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------000104000001030904080509" X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 2.63 (2004-01-11) on post.thorcom.com X-Spam-Status: No, hits=0.0 required=5.0 tests=none autolearn=no version=2.63 X-SA-Exim-Scanned: Yes Sender: owner-rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org Precedence: bulk Reply-To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org X-Listname: rsgb_lf_group X-SA-Exim-Rcpt-To: rs_out_1@blacksheep.org X-SA-Exim-Scanned: No; SAEximRunCond expanded to false X-Spam-Filtered: by PlusNet SpamCORE (v3.00) This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --------------000104000001030904080509 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=windows-1252; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Good morning all, I keyed my original LF TX with a relay - crude, but it got me on the air. I know many designs just filter the keying waveform to "round off the corners" of the envelope. But I read that the best envelope shape is a "Gaussian waveform". This produces the smallest sidebands. [ http://fermi.la.asu.edu/w9cf/articles/click/click.html and lots of other stuff ] RC and LC filter circuits produce exponential waveforms, although the waveform diagrams that accompany these circuits in the texts often make then look as though they produce a gaussian waveform. My question is ... Is there a circuit that will produce a nice "gaussian wavform" that I could feed into an AM modulator to produce really clean CW - or is there no such thing ? 73 Hugh M0WYE --------------000104000001030904080509 Content-Type: image/gif; name="Click waveforms.gif" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Disposition: inline; filename="Click waveforms.gif" R0lGODlhUAE1AZEAAB8aF5aVlaqpqf///ywAAAAAUAE1AQAI/gAHCBxIsKDBgwgTKlzIsKHD hxAjSpxIsaLFixgzatzIsaPHjyBDihxJsqTJkyhTqlzJsqXLlzBjypxJs6bNmzhz6tzJs6fP n0CDCh1KtKjRo0iTKl3KtKnTp1CjSp1KtarVq1izat3KtavXr2DDih1LdiQAAAjPoj14dkDb gmsHvkUZN6FatHMF5tVbtm/EvXIB68Vb121hwSIRB1ZrGO7hwn4j24XcFrDivYpBZm6sEDNk yaAJWiZs8PLjlJtTnw7N2nFp0q45G74beLBpxrFFx70rmPdaz4tx6xZem3brqsAHx57ruzhv ts11vw7e+7ls5baJzzZOffPxpXmZ/tcVnzv7Yse7w1NePVm6+9ro38/+nlU9fOzX82tX/zj9 dPnQAZjcfe95R19T5BXon4DrAYjfaOUFSKB+7Cl4IFYJ3pchfhxyWN2EFC5kH4Po+bbhhVPh lpxwA3Z43YcutihhhzKayJ2BKCpVmWew0Vihh5+dGGJn4/0o44w5ptijdCNOCCGIsj0JpXw1 /ohkklHtGGCTPv5nW3w+WllelWBaiKWS+SnH5ZAMplekm2JSaeR6RTp4plPaDRfhjQ2WmGdz PH4G5J77mWjnnUzleZ6DLPbpZ1oq0tmek5I+GiGimGaq6aacdurpp6CGKuqopJZq6qmopqrq qqy26uqr/7DGKuustNbKkI245qqrdcft6uuv3JUKgADEFmvsscgmq+yxgm4E7LO7JrbstNRS 2+ynw1ar7bYCXJtRttyGq6y3F4Er7rnFksupueieq65F7LYb7rsUxSvvtvRmau+91eY70b78 TuvvXwGLO/CdABec7MEQJawws9I+rC3DWDosMbEUO2TxxRnfenG/qG4scccefyxwxCaPG3LK y5IsIssqhyTywy4fOLPCNdsF88Io75zuyj4bm3NaQQvdc9BD91r0z0f7nDRcS2MM9NJPQx11 1XJF3e3URWOd9dVN7+y1ZDcXPLZbWo9ddsBn+7U2v2e/fa/aaXONtFl1y5y3qf5yyxv33h/1 3W7bfQmO7t9g650434AH3nhHhrtrt9N4L+645aRGbnDlVIcNM+FlaT4v5117zjLoZInOLeKd K94645h7pDq+pqeM+lizT0z63a6XfmruINduMt2xiwq8tbtT3jvvsL+u2eMcHX/y79BHX71G 0rc8udjJc7+88s37/r33zxcfavYxj/+58B/fLhb6PLPPsfwjb78+/TTjj7P9p3d/f/nOy9z1 sDdAjMAPWe4LywEhpj+zNZBt/LOd//qnPgqGj3kAFN/lAjiqBRrtgXAD4dwiOLwJSrCCJ7wg +DKIQdkVsFMeZBoKSzjD9pHQhiL0Ww4Hd8P57fBwP/6UHPXM56wXwsuI74OWEpfIxCY68YlQ jKIUp6hE8FDxiljMoha3yMUu2siKXgyjGMdIxjJSsXBIrEgMpVZDH6qQfCxcoQuJiK001suO Elnj1obIQcjhkWB09JQeWafBOfbxfH8E5CEJGEgYJrJhj9RYJJM0SBPSMI5wFGAjyzXJki2y jps8YijvOEp9ddKThfRjKTFVySBuro3142MqVflJA57yQq2EZf50uT9ZttCQsyziKhGVS0z+ b4PBBFUxkflL6w0TYbfsTDSJ9swzLROYzRRmLR1ZzYdc05nbXNc0qRlONY5Tad2UZDpRmU1l nrM07xRNPEPzTXAm81vzBP9NPbV5T1uuE0X7ZGQ5STlQU/7zZQfVWSOj5SK35VMvDw1odr7Y UDQmVKEFzSMecUS2h6LtomzZaAIR5FGJcnKViBkRcRRFnUSVNKIihRSTjMMrP3GUJyY9aUYV 2U8vjSlSQH1NnZKSU1HuFJIoFRR/9ESpKxGlqOYEKTyTKtOmksinRYEqQXtqVK4eak1VwhVR XypVq2U0pUO1andqmlWyHtWbMUUSmQ6lI7d6davtrKpP5zqlupbVrHf9V1z3Oqcy9RUoWhXs X792VqWmtUuGvalOEqvRxUKUqnItrFDZ2lbLXvat6mysXtlUUc4ahbI8zas/QUtJM5rFtTKD ra3+Zkvb2tr2trjN7aokq9vbBqu3wLVpcIe71pESVytkPK4yy6hcGCa3ubYVK3R9G53pUve3 1qUtdpGLRZl0tyVZhAlvn7JF8YZ3JVqEVRddwkWVrLdVagmAfOdL3/ra974B2G5JvIias+D3 vwCWr34z598AG/i+LCVJfA/MYAGPV40FbjCDE9zBCEvYwBSOrYUv/N8By27DHMZvhs8H4hAj +MHwKrGJ6ztiZ6l4xQ5GsTUXDGMRy7heL65xi7+VYx3fuLUAqDGAdxy9Hq/Ywy4OspBtbFyw 0HjJLCYyj5UMZftKGcJUrvJ8r6wvI8OYyynOspZjvF8vmxjJzjXzmX/+3DA1hxjMf3nymPPL Zpu5+c111tidLwznNot5zn0G8pyjjLq7DHrLgW6InAGd5+8sesyJ9vOh6RtpEe2Zz43u1aUx DbpHQzrTQp10jJu8FUOLms6d3rSEKz0ZVTeY1Zr+86BhbWlZf1ptrn41qPWZ6wnvGjq21jKt Q31qVPOt1wceNqSQHWA0Y7nYxhYWs5v9a/RAO9qBm/aQq+02bXdY2cQuNrhtA+1xd9vb326b pxmNNVOf2tnERHe6FSzvE7e73vYmcLDZTe99C/vX6+Z3hf3977gFvOCawbeVuZ06hRP6tQRH +IcjDmVzh87hlGb4wW+dbYov2eK423iV4Y3/Y49/HNTuFjfDk2jyk+O65T5+msglvlyYxzwx GM+4zHOuc+PxHNFem/nIUf5zMpPY5l+uttArPuylu9znSD+y0otu9CRfG+hHj/qaAU51bE/5 6kAnNVWczvR7a33rRT472rHVda+nHexV/zrc3b4psj994nNHdc7sLmSQf4XvN8d73mEN+KSL XUlqX/vbB1/nlF+d5HZOvOKtzviaFT7w62p73KcseQ5DvtV533yXO+95Wl8e82EOPd3jTXo8 D+30hjeg5rFe99mLHsut53THYB/72ude99iz/e0lrXq9a4r3qE998VfvTeEPP0fIN7zLoq9r hur596W/oo7MyP3u/nv/+8wlKvjHT/7ym/9Z2z+/+tfP/u8r0PnMjzP2gV/y5Rt/9Pb//LLz H2jqu973/Ld3wpdo/pd9vjd/yUZ4A3hjjgd3+scaBVh9ixd6D2htqud3pWZ7TTd7lRaBvnZ4 5OWB1JZpIjiCnEeBGJiBCLhtO7eC6WZ5mpeCKoiCLeiC+RZ8NniDaUaDHVd5lDd3MshdObhw VVOCTPaDYFeBsQaEXDeEPYeDTvh8rNR142aERPh6VLhyf5eFZseESWOFD1dzXphwVLeBURh/ U3iG5gaGtIeE5RaEKuiEFseGUvgvZaiFTlZ0c3iHLZiEeLiFcshtdKiEoPd4f+gVgyiI/3q4 a4kIgmO3iAY3hODWiAPnh5FoiEX4c4ToaGC4ibeiiYwIio6IHDznd2xYhaV4iIB4baaYik3I iqqIiK7Yb7AYdLOob7VYZja4hrdYiW9IOFbIizkIh7KYcxgYjFOHcZ5IH0a4jJ+4i4rogsS4 iu+Gh8j4cio3ilbRjNZYgs64f9WojaQojX/ojRqnjLFIjaImg+Z4ieH4O+14EvGIcwr3jZyI gPZYa+8IceuYjnmIj4fYgDSnYf0ojttYj6rogceIkAY5jgXZX/O3kADZkA55aHCokFookC5H kY+IfcSIkanmkf74fiI5UgXIjvU2jSz3e9N4kuXof/kYeQLnXv/yFoQwOZIsN5M0WV508V6s 0l7slV47eV6uIpQvQZRDeUax8l0HKEXZ9ZRQGZVSOZVUWZVWeZVYmZVauZVc2ZVe+ZVg2RNo 5VhpEie19huPJRdhiViORZZ81XyRwigcuZZOpSWXolbNZ2lYRZeT1SBSglW8pRp7yZc4ASFP Ih58Yh6t1ihy8lumtSM4qZUDsiJwQh7VtVkbwh8rdZkTFZmSmVZNElZuQiQ/BZhg5ZldGZqg OSdmSVp/CSMVRZixpVYnciSZ0SKvGSRpKZuvRZsLgpex6ZqOsh2Gcli8CTlvQZm/CVl0JZyE JV3BeZzIOR96cpqXcpsVkpuKNpdVaZePrmGdckmackJY2ymdJuGdM3VVIIKdpflTw4maXome zqGeMXItuDmc1Mmc5glxrUYoQsKe41kiw8FW8Bmft3Gd/2mf2amb/QGb+/mgEBqhEjqhFFqh FnqhGJqhGrqhHNqhHvqhIBqiIjqiJFqiJnqiKJqiKrqiLNqiLvqiMBqjMjqjNFqjNnqjOJqj OtqiAQEAOw== --------------000104000001030904080509--