Return-Path: Received: (qmail 17363 invoked from network); 20 Feb 2004 23:35:24 -0000 Received: from unknown (HELO ptb-mxscan01.plus.net) (212.159.14.235) by ptb-mailstore03.plus.net with SMTP; 20 Feb 2004 23:35:24 -0000 Received: (qmail 75004 invoked from network); 20 Feb 2004 23:35:23 -0000 X-Filtered-by: Plusnet (hmail v1.01) X-Spam-detection-level: 11 Received: from ptb-mxcore01.plus.net (212.159.14.215) by ptb-mxscan01.plus.net with SMTP; 20 Feb 2004 23:35:20 -0000 Received: from post.thorcom.com ([193.82.116.20]) by ptb-mxcore01.plus.net with esmtp (Exim 4.30; FreeBSD) id 1AuKAx-000JJV-Ep for dave@picks.force9.co.uk; Fri, 20 Feb 2004 23:35:19 +0000 X-Fake-Domain: majordom Received: from majordom by post.thorcom.com with local (Exim 4.14) id 1AuKAE-0001Kp-5V for rs_out@blacksheep.org; Fri, 20 Feb 2004 23:34:34 +0000 Received: from [195.80.0.234] (helo=one.surfree.co.uk) by post.thorcom.com with esmtp (Exim 4.14) id 1AuKAD-0001Kg-5E for rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org; Fri, 20 Feb 2004 23:34:33 +0000 X-Fake-Domain: RSGB613192 Received: from RSGB613192 ([212.248.140.35]) by one.surfree.co.uk (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id AAA31178; Sat, 21 Feb 2004 00:34:23 GMT X-Bad-Message-ID: no DNS (RSGB613192) Message-ID: <001801c3f80a$15f44fc0$045bfea9@RSGB613192> From: "Andy Talbot" To: "LF Group" Cc: ACTALBOT@mail.dstl.gov.uk Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 23:33:25 -0000 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2615.200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2800.1106 Subject: LF: GPS Locked BPSK - Perfect copy at 12dB S/N in 1Hz Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------030108070200060608020707" X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 2.60 (1.212-2003-09-23-exp) on post.thorcom.com X-Spam-Status: No, hits=0.0 required=5.0 tests=none autolearn=no version=2.60 X-SA-Exim-Scanned: Yes Sender: Precedence: bulk Reply-To: rsgb_lf_group@blacksheep.org X-Listname: rsgb_lf_group X-SA-Exim-Rcpt-To: rs_out@blacksheep.org X-SA-Exim-Scanned: No; SAEximRunCond expanded to false X-PN-SPAMFiltered: yes X-Spam-Rating: 2 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --------------030108070200060608020707 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=windows-1252; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit After a bit of 'codebreaking' to identify the character boundaries I managed to get perfect copy of Brian's 1 Bit per Second GPS locked PSK transmission. Starting at the two minute marker the text read "1drp ct1drp [nul] ct" where [nul] is the ASCII zero code. So the transmission obviously wasn't started on the even minute marker (was this deliberate Brian ;-) The attached file is a plot of phase accumulated over each second, plotted vertically from -180 to +180 degrees, with time horizontally. Each change in colour which occurs every 8 bits corresponds to a new ASCII character, and in hexadecimal the bits making up each colour are : 0x31 0x64 0x72 0x70 0x20 0x63 0x74 0x31 0x64 0x72 0x70 0x20 0x00 0x63 which equate to the letters above. Also shown is the phasor diagram for an entire 10 minutes worth of transmission indicating Brians signal clearly drifting around the phase circle - the S/N appears to be about 10 - 15dB in the 1Hz bandwidth; this sort of S/N is consistent with 100% BPSK decoding. The initial polarity had to be inferred by assuming all 8 bit characters were plain ASCII, and therefore the most significant bit (the first sent) would always be zero; the rest making up each character follow from that. It gets a bit confusing when the phase changes from +180 to -180, but it is obvious enough when this happens. The frequency error between us can be read off by looking at the slope of average phase over several seconds which is something like 90 degrees in 25 seconds approximately, so 1 cycle in 100 seconds = .01Hz. Which is almost exactly the frequency setting resolution of my LF receiver. The signal was inaudible, and viewing on Argo showed a barely detectable signal in 20s dot mode. My decoder is hardware based. The Rx output, at 1kHz centre freq exactly, is bandpass filtered to 60Hz bandwidth in an opamp circuit, multiplied with two 90 degree phase shifted square waves driven from the divided down frequency standard again using opamps. The output from these are low pass filtered to a few Hz (in more opamps!) then sent to a PIC microcontroller for A/D conversion. The PIC is triggered by the pulse from a GPS receiver and makes 250 measurements of both I and Q channels each second. The 250 pairs of measurements are summed and output as two numbers over the RS232 port to a PC for subsequent plotting. The PIC also reads the time from the NMEA string sent by the GPS and translates this to a time code included with the data sent to the PC. Later, now we have proved the technique, automatic decoding of the bit pattern can replace the colour plot. The frequency error remains a problem - it is quite unreasonable to expect stations to hold phase within better than 90 degrees over the duration of a QSO - although not impossible, just difficult - so it looks as if differential coding is required. In this scheme a binary one is represented by the phase CHANGING from one bit to the next, a binary zero by it remaining as is. In one go, differential coding removes the phase ambiguity and copes with slow relative frequency drift, but inherently doubles the error rate. If one bit is decoded in error then the next will also be wrong as it will be compared with the previous faulty one. A small price to pay for the simplicity and reliability of not having to generate carrier tracking. BTW, on a different subject, the graphics plots generated were several tens of K in size as .JPGs but only a few K in .PCX format Shows the value of run length compression for this type of plot where most of the image consists of just one colour. 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